查看更多>>摘要：Welcome to this edition of Steel Technology International. In the first half of 2000, the worldwide economy in general was propelled by the prosperity of the US economy The situation deteriorated in the second half of the year and it continued to slide in the first half of 2001. To reflect the slowing down of global economic activity, organisations such as the IMF OECD and Federal Reserve began revising their predictions on the global GDP growth rate. The IMF, for example, revised the rate down from 4.2 per cent to 3.2 per cent, to reflect an actual rate of 1.5 per cent in the USA, 0.6 per cent in Japan and 3.4 per cent in the EU-down from predicted rates of 3.2 per cent, 1.8 per cent and 4.4 per cent respectively.
查看更多>>摘要：The global steel industry is undergoing a period of profound change, with a small number of large steelmakers looking set to dominate world markets. A few global giants and a number of smeller, specialist niche players: that's one vision for the future of steelmaking. While carbon steelmaking has been spreading to all corners of the world over the past 25 years, we have also seen the rapid development of the multinational steelmaker at a time of unprecedented growth in steel trade, as the global marketplace evolves, boosted by e-commerce.
查看更多>>摘要：Integrated BF-BOF steel producers are coming under increasing pressure from newer EAF producers, who continue to improve the quality of their products. The battle between modern EAF and BF-BOF integrated steelmaking has only just begun. For many integrated companies, the high historic levels of capital investment and the long asset life of manufacturing facilities restrict their response to the 'market mill' production model. As a consequence, they will be increasingly disadvantaged in toe longer term as the newer competitor technologies continue to improve steel quality end aspire to at least match the quality standards of the integrated producers. For the best configurations, market mills' will be by comparison faster, cheaper and more responsive than conventional, centralised, integrated processing. Integrated producers will remain competitive only by pushing herd for higher productivity from fewer operating stops, reducing energy requirement and developing higher quality standards. For flat products, competition between modern EAF steelmaking and BF-BOF integrated steelmaking has just started.
查看更多>>摘要：Research has produced some definitive findings on the alloys that best meet the needs of the modern steelmaker. In its search to discover the optimum alloy and the best method for adding alloys in toe steelmaking process, Elkem has shown that the size, shape, density and strength of toe alloy are toe relevant factors. High strength in en alloy reduces the generation of fines during its transportation from production plant to point of use. The elimination of fines promotes high and consistent alloy yields, reduces unwanted elements end improves the working environment. By water granulation, it is possible to produce a stronger alloy, one to rapid quenching.
查看更多>>摘要：Founded in 1916, Ajax Magnethermic designs and manufactures induction heat treating, heating and melting equipment. Ajax advanced technologies are used for the melting of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, nesting for forging, mill processes, coating and the heat treatment of steel. Heating applications include bar nesting prior to rolling, pipe coating for corrosion resistance on oil and natural gas pipelines, induction galvannealing of steel strip for automotive body panes and billet heating for forging.
查看更多>>摘要：Every type of lubrication system has its advantages and disadvantages and no system is practical in all situations. However, air-oil systems are Producing promising results. Lubrication systems attempt to deliver clean grease or oil to bearing surfaces in the correct amount, either intermittently or continuously. The desired results are healthy bearings, long equipment life fewer repairs limited downtime and high production rates In the past systems had varying degrees of success accomplishing these objectives. One system type, air-oil, has a long history in high-speed bearings with good results. In recent years, air-oil systems nave very effectively lubricated steel mill equipment such as main mill bearings, roller lines, furnace tables and steel caster bearings.
查看更多>>摘要：Although the inherent properties of the ores and minerals that affect productivity in the iron and steel industry cannot be modified, a great deal can still be done to improve them for the production process. As a result of innovations end changes in raw materials, Tate Steel has now become a modern plant, producing hot metal at the lowest cost in the world. To improve blast furnace performance, toe major steps taken over the years with respect to raw materials have been:Reducing alumina levels in iron ores end consequently in sinterImproving coke quality in terms of increased coke strength, better reactivity and reduced coke ash by adoption of stamp charging and the use of imported coal in the blendThe use of appropriate fluxes (as much as possible through doter) with low alkali contentThe use of blue dust (high-grade iron ore) end dunite in doterOptimising doter plant to charge the maximum quantity of SinterIntroducing new process control parameters such as the CSR of coke and RDI of sinter
查看更多>>摘要：The Chinese refractories industry was established at the beginning of the twentieth century. Now at the start of the twenty first century, it is asserting itself in the global refractories market. The influx of Chinese refractories looks set to continue. The future will see a rationalisation in Chinese manufacture and consolidation on some of its bespoke developments using domestic raw materials. With increased development of foreign investment in China, more direct selling and direct technical support will see Chinese products becoming a low-risk, high-quality option for the steel plant supporting the goal of maintaining low steelmaking costs.
查看更多>>摘要：Plant availability and reliability must be Progressively increased and maintenance costs reduced, if casting plant operators are to compete with the threat from new nonferrous materials. The continuous casting process has revolutionised the means of producing semi-finished and-more recently - near-net-shape steel products. However, process and engineering innovations during the last 30 years have left a trail of earlier technology Still operating in its own niche market, so that the industry now operates with several generations of casting plant.
查看更多>>摘要：A preventative maintenance system can significantly reduce expenditure on ladle slagline and degasser snorkels. The conventional approach to refractory maintenance a to repair eroded linings by gunning. This can sometimes be the moat coat-effective procedure. However, just as preventative maintenance is employed to improve mechanical reliability, so can it be used to improve refractory reliability. Minteq International, Inc has now fully demonstrated the effectiveness of refractory preventative maintenance with its MAG-O-STAR system for the protection of slaglines in ladles and snorkels in degassers. MAG-O-STAR consists of automated equipment and advanced refractory products, used under the guidance of Minteq engineering specialists. It is a coating technology, providing a thin, but dense, ceramic veneer on the refractory substrate.
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