Kandasamy, M.Selvaraj, M.Alam, M. MujahidMaruthamuthu, P....
10页
查看更多>>摘要：Background: In dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), the semiconductor photoanode plays a vital role in gathering photo-excited electrons from the sensitizer. Generally, the photoconversion efficiency of photoanode is hampered by electron-hole recombination. To circumvent this, modification of TiO2 nanotubes with amine functionalized graphene oxide (GO) has been attempted. Methods: Nanocomposites consisting of ethylenediamine functionalized graphene oxide (GO/NH2) and titania nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) are prepared by hydrothermal method and are incorporated with 3 wt% of Ag nanoparticles. The nanocomposites are studied using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TEM and XPS techniques. Significant Findings: The GO surface acquire defect structure and disorder after amine functionalization which occurs via reactive oxygen groups to form C-N bond. The nano-silver incorporated amine functionalized GO modified TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2 NTs-GO/NH2/Ag) exhibit high dye adsorption capacity and leads to more light gathering. The DSSC fabricated with TiO2 NTs-GO/NH2/Ag photoanode exhibits very good photo-conversion efficiency (8.18%). Significant light-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of the TiO2 NTs-GO/NH2/Ag photoanode DSSC is due to the efficient charge transport at the interfaces, high dye loading and broad absorption by the sensitizer adsorbed TiO2 NTs-GO/NH2/Ag thin-film. (C) 2022 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: To improve the coalescence efficiency of droplets in microchannel, a lantern-shaped expansion chamber is proposed to facilitate droplets coalescence. Methods: A high-speed digital camera was used to study the coalescence process and the mechanism of droplet coalescence was analyzed based on the liquid film draining model. Findings: The existence of shrinkage mouth could prolong the contact time of droplets and accordingly promote droplet coalescence. The drainage time of continuous phase liquid film decreases with the increase of superficial flow velocity and droplet size, but increases with increasing dispersed phase viscosity. The film drainage time for contact coalescence, squeeze coalescence and tail coalescence increases successively. There exists a minimum critical capillary number Ca-min and a maximum critical capillary number Ca-max, and coalescence can occur only when Ca-min < Ca < Ca-max. The correlations for predicting the minimum critical capillary number and the maximum critical capillary number are proposed. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: Membrane fouling can deteriorate the membrane performance for the long term. Surface modification of the membrane using hydrophilic moieties improves the antifouling property of the membrane. In this study, thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide tubular membrane was modified using glutaraldehyde (GA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Methods: Polyamide layer was formed through interfacial polymerization of piperazine (PIP) with trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Before modification using PEG on the surface of the TFC membrane, the TFC membrane was post-treated using GA. The aldehyde group of the GA reacted with free amines on the polyamide surface, producing enamine. PEG modified the GA-TFC membrane through the reaction of excess aldehyde group of the GA on the membrane surface. Findings: PEG-GA-TFC membrane shows a better hydrophilicity and membrane surface charge than pristine and GA-TFC membrane. Consequently, during nanofiltration test, it delivered the highest membrane performance and antifouling property (tested using 100 ppm BSA solution). Furthermore, the modified membrane exhibited good stability in a wide range of pressure and salt concentration. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: Phase separation solvents have been developed for CO2 capture with the advantage of low regeneration energy. Understanding the mechanism of phase change driven by CO2 capture is critical toward design of phase separation solvents. Methods: In this work, the molecular information of sigma-profile and simulated ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) phase diagram obtained from a predictive modeling based on COSMO-SAC method is used to investigate the phase behavior of phase separation solvents before and after CO2 absorption. Significant findings: Ternary mixtures of three selected amines [2-aminoethanol (MEA), 2-(ethylamino)ethanol (EAE), 2-(butylamino)ethanol (BAE)] + water + glycol ether, with different strengths of hydrophilicity of amines, exhibit three types of partially miscible behaviors. Upon absorption of CO2, amine reacts to form hydrophilic reaction products (carbamate + protonated amine), resulting in the change of the molecular interactions and immiscible behaviors. Our study shows that amines, such as EAE, having a balanced interaction with water and glycol ether (exhibiting small immiscible region) are potential candidates for amine + water + glycol ether based phase separation solvent for CO2 capture. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: This work aims at developing hybrid corrosion inhibitors for AA5052 alloy anode of Al-air battery in alkaline solution. Methods: Inhibition of quinoline-8-sulfonic acid (8-QS) and calcium oxide (CaO) as hybrid additives on the self-corrosion of AA5052 alloy anode for alkaline Al-air battery is studied by H2 evolution test, electrochemical measurement and surface characterization. It shows that 8-QS and CaO have a good protection effect for Al anode and the best protection efficiency is 82.11%. The hybrid additive increases the utilization rate of AA5052 alloy anode to 81.9%. The formation of deposition layer of Ca(OH) 2 promotes adsorption of 8-QS. Chelation of 8-QS with Al3+ renders the uniform distribution on Al alloy surface and retards self-dissolution of AA5052 alloy. Fluorescence emission is observed after the discharging test, making it possible for on-line detection of self-dissolution of AA5052 anode. DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations are used to clarify the synergistic mechanism of the hybrid additives. Significant finds: The adsorption and synergistic mechanism of 8-QS and CaO in alkaline solution is proposed, which could provide theoretical guidance for development of hybrid additives for alkaline electrolyte additives. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Hwa, Kuo YuanSanthan, AravindanGanguly, AninditaSharma, Tata Sanjay Kanna...
16页
查看更多>>摘要：Background: The usage and intake of various pain killers and antibiotics are widespread in this modern world with the increased population. These uptakes of medications could not be stopped, while developing modern techniques to ensure their presence can be done to be aware of the drugs engaged. A simultaneous electro-chemical sensing of acetaminophen (ACAP) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) was done using manganese stannate anchored over reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (Mn-2 SnO4/rGO) on glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Methods: Mn-2 SnO4 was prepared via hydrothermal method and then reduced graphene oxide was integrated with Mn-2 SnO4 with a simple ultrasonication method. Mn-2 SnO4 /rGO was characterized to analyze the structural and chemical properties with XRD, and Raman. FT-IR was done to investigate the functional group presence in Mn-2 SnO4/rGO. XPS and EDAX analysis initiated for the investigation of elemental presence. Moreover, the morphological representation of Mn-2 SnO4/rGO was confirmed by FE-SEM and TEM images. The resistance of Mn-2 SnO4/rGO/GCE was studied with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The simultaneous electrochemical sensing of ACAP and CIP with Mn-2 SnO4/rGO/GCE as the working electrode was done utilizing cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry technique to know the electrochemical properties. Significant findings: The Mn-2 SnO4/rGO has achieved a rod like morphology which was anchored and tangled over sheet like rGO. XRD results exhibit a cubic structure of Mn-2 SnO4/rGO which is compared with the crystal structure as a polyhedral structure. All the recognized elements present in Mn-2 SnO4/rGO was confirmed with XPS and EDAX analysis. Mn-2 SnO4/rGO/GCE experienced excellent electron mediating behavior with higher potent for the simultaneous oxidation of ACAP and CIP. The oxidation peak current had linear dependency over the concentrations of ACAP and CIP, ranging from 0.049 to 890 mu M for simultaneous addition. While, the linear range was from 0.049 to 880 mu M for ACAP continuous addition (CIP-constant) and 0.049 to 850 mu M when CIP added (ACAP-constant) linearly. The novelty of the present work is the limit of detection for individual detection was 0.013 mu M (ACAP) and 0.022 mu M (CIP) while for simultaneous detection attained about 0.0139 mu M ACAP and CIP 0.023 mu M which is lesser when compared with the other reports. Moreover, the real-time analysis was carried in several real samples as biological fluids, pharmaceutical and environmental samples using DPV. Designing a novel material with low cost effectiveness enriched with excellent characters is more influential in electrochemical studies. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: Effect of hydrodynamic heterogeneity on particle dispersion in a Taylor-Couette flow (TC) reactor with variable configurations of inner cylinder has been investigated using CFD modelling. Methods: Particle dispersion was tracked based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach, where the reactant solution phase was solved in the Eulerian reference frame, while the particle dispersion was calculated by tracking a large number of particles with consideration of the hydrodynamic forces acting on particles and adopting actual particle properties measured from the particle synthesis experiments. Significant Findings: The simulation reveals that particle dispersion is significantly enhanced by increasing the inner cylinder rotational speed, characterized by particle distribution for both circular inner cylinder TaylorCouette flow reactor (CTC) and lobed cross-section inner cylinder Taylor-Couette flow reactor (LTC). Particle trajectories or dispersion are influenced by the turbulent Taylor vortices. Particle radial dispersion affects the particle classification by presenting different particle axial velocities in radial direction, while particle axial dispersion can be seen as an indicator for global mixing occurring in the TC reactor, which is enhanced at high rotational speed, especially in the LTC. The calculated dispersion coefficient is found to be similar to the shape of particle size distribution found in the experiments. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: In recent years, frequent oil spills and the discharge of industrial organic pollutants have caused long-term damage to the ecological environment and human safety. It is still a challenge to develop low-cost, stable, and reusable materials for highly efficient oil/water separation. Methods: Herein, the steady, recyclable and economical silica-based fibers were fabricated via self-assembly method (based on electrostatic attraction) and hydrophobic modification, which possess superhydrophobicity and petal effect. Findings: The composite fibers had a high water contact angle of approximately 160 degrees and high adhesion to water which can be utilized to adhere droplets without loss. The composite fibers can not only adsorb but also filter oil from water environment, and the separation efficiency reached up to 99.2% even after 10 cycles of dichloromethane/water separation. The fibers have great application potential in oil spill adsorption and oil/water separation. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) can produce many side effects in the human body and several hematological abnormalities. Therefore, the analytical determination of SMX in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids is essential. Methods: A biocompatible composite of graphene oxide/graphene (GO/G) layered structure was synthesized to develop electrochemical biosensors for SMX detection. Two layers of single-layer graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition were stacked and annealed to form bilayer graphene (BLG). The BLG was modified by a low-damage plasma treatment-atomic layer oxidation. The top graphene layer was modified to graphene oxide, while the bottom graphene layer was conserved to safeguard its conductive properties and form a layered composite on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Significant findings: The GO/G layered composite on the ITO glass substrate, plasma-treated for 15 min exhibited optimized redox properties, with a relatively low charge-transfer resistance. At pH 6, the relationship between the oxidation peak current and the SMX concentration (0.1-50 mu M) was linear with a sensitivity of 0.262 mu A/mu M. With the addition of cetylpyridinium chloride, the sensing performance of the GO/G-based electrochemical sensor was ameliorated to 0.529 mu A/mu M. The GO/G electrode also exhibited high selectivity and stability to SMX. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Background: Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent cancer that affects infants. It arises from neural crest elements of the sympathetic nervous system. Accurate medical diagnostic techniques are required to achieve targeted treatment. Methods: Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) were synthesized using a classic hydrothermal method. The N-GQDs were further coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG): branched polyethylenimine (b-PEI) to form PEG:b-PEI@N-GQDs (P@N-GQDs). The P@N-GQDs were coupled with an anti-GD2 antibody to form Ab-GD2@P@N-GQDs, which were then visualized using an in vivo imaging system (IVIS). The structure, optical properties, and in vivo imaging performance of the fluorescent markers were investigated. Significant findings: The P@N-GQDs had an irregular circular shape with 10.6 +/- 1.7 nm diameter. The PL emission of P@N-GQDs was extended from 450 +/- 10 to 550 +/- 10 nm. The visibility of P@N-GQDs in the IVIS spectrum was also improved, enhancing the signal to 1.83 times that achieved by N-GQDs in vivo. The Ab-GD2-P@N-GQDs accumulated in cancer cells, and the maximum fluorescence intensity in the dissected tumor was 6.72 x 10 7 . The proposed probe successfully targeted neuroblastoma and has great potential as a gene carrier. (C) 2021 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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