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Key engineering materials
Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
Key engineering materials

Trans Tech Publications Ltd.

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1013-9826

Key engineering materials/Journal Key engineering materials
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    Programmable Holographic Optical Elements as Adaptive Optics in Optical Diagnostics Devices

    James D. TrolingerAmit LalJoshua JoStephen Kupiec...
    P.108-112页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper reports a combined, Hartmann/Digital Holographic interferometry inspection system for inspecting optical components that do not easily lend themselves to conventional interferometric or Hartmann inspection. A programmable holographic optical element (HOE) preconditions wavefronts to extend the dynamic range of interferometry measurements and also transforms the same system into a scanning Hartmann operation, which has lower resolution but higher dynamic range. Inspecting aspherical surfaces with existing interferometers requires special, computer generated holographic optical elements to transform the wavefront to within the dynamic range of the interferometer. The Hartmann measurement provides the information required to precondition a reference wave that avails the measurement process to the more precise phase shifting interferometry. The SLM offers yet other benefits including a method for minimizing the effects of speckle on the measurement. The paper provides example measurements, discusses the limitations, and suggests other potential applications.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    High-Resolution Dimensional Metrology for Industrial Applications

    Thilo SchuldtMartin GohlkeDennis WeiseAchim Peters...
    P.113-117页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this paper, we present the current status of our heterodyne interferometer with demonstrated noise levels below 5 pm/VHz in translation and below 10 nrad/Hz~(1/2) in tilt measurement, both for frequencies above 10~(-2) Hz. The interferometer, based on a highly symmetric design where reference and measurement beam have the same frequency and polarization, utilizes intensity stabilization and phaselock of the heterodyne frequency. Currently, we develop a new enhanced interferometer setup based on a mechanically and thermally highly stable glass ceramic. While the interferometer was developed with respect to the specific requirements of the LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) space mission, it is also the basis for applications in high-precision dilatometry and industrial metrology. We present a prototype dilatometer with which we measured the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) with an accuracy below 10~(-7)/K. For surface property measurements, we develop an actuation of the measurement beam over the surface under investigation.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Traceability for Areal Surface Texture Measurement

    Richard LeachClaudiu GiuscaKazuya Naoi
    P.121-125页
    查看更多>>摘要：The deterministic structuring of a surface is having a profound effect on many industrial products by allowing the manufacturer to significantly alter the way in which a surface functions. This has led to a clear need in industry and academia for traceable areal surface texture measurements. To address this need traceable transfer artefacts and primary instrumentation are required. The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is working on two projects - one to develop areal transfer artefacts and one to develop a traceable areal surface texture measuring instrument. The authors describe the development of the artefacts and instrument, and present some of the challenges that are still required to be able to offer an areal traceability measurement service to industry. The instrument has a working volume of 8 mm × 8 mm × 0.1 mm and uses a co-planar air-bearing slideway to move the sample. It also uses a novel vertical displacement measuring probe, incorporating an air-bearing and an electromagnetic force control mechanism. The motions of the slideway and the probe are measured by laser interferometers thus ensuring traceability of the measurements to the definition of the metre. The artefacts were manufactured using a range of machining technologies and in a range of geometries suitable for stylus and optical based instruments.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Industrial Applications of Image Based Measurement Techniques in Aerodynamics - Problems, Progress and Future Needs

    Juergen Kompenhans
    P.126-130页
    查看更多>>摘要：Since two decades technological progress at lasers, video techniques, optoelectronics, computers and evaluation algorithms allows to extract quantitative information from images of flows, even in complex environments. Continuous improvement of such image based measurement techniques and decreasing costs of equipment enabled many research groups to exploit these techniques for extraction of 2-dimensional or even 3-dimensional data mainly for fundamental research. Since a decade ago many image based measurement techniques have found interest in aerodynamics and are even used as a matter of routine in industrial applications, especially in large wind tunnels or at in-flight testing. Application is mainly performed in the scope of large industrial projects in European co-operation. For this purpose mobile measurement systems have been developed, which can be flexibly adjusted to particular testing environments. All data is acquired non-intrusively so that no interference of the flow field by the measurement is to occur. In consequence, the methods developed are particularly suited for the aero-dynamical and aero-acoustical analysis of complex, unsteady three-dimensional flow fields. The paper will report on the state-of-the-art of the application of image based measurement techniques in aerodynamics and will describe some of the current problems and future needs.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Development of a Print-Through Phenomenon Measurement System Using the Fringe Reflection Method for the Fiber Reinforced Plastics

    Fang-Jung ShiouHsin-Ju ChenChia-Hao Hsu
    P.131-135页
    查看更多>>摘要：Precision noncontact measurement of the print-through phenomenon (PTP) of the fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) is an urgent problem to be solved in yacht industry, especially for the quantization of the surface roughness and the profile of the yacht surface with PTP. The study presents the development of a surface profile measurement system using a fringe reflection method on a PC-based 3-axis measuring machine. The developed system mainly consists of a PC-based 3-axis machine, a CCD Camera, a programmable liquid crystal display (LCD) as a fringe projector, a screen on which the reflected fringe would be projected, a set of measurement software, and a PC. The surface roughness and the 2D profile of the flat composite specimens with PTP could be measured simultaneously using the fringe reflection method, based on the calibration results. Two-dimensional profile of a specimen with PTP was determined by the triangulation principle. The surface roughness of a test object was determined based on the scattering principle.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Micro Coordinate Measuring Machine for Parallel Measurement of Microstructures

    Christian SchraderChristian HerbstRainer TutschStephanus Buttgenbach...
    P.136-140页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper deals with the development of a coordinate measuring machine for parallel tactile probing of microstructures. The particular challenges due to the parallel probing will be discussed and the concluding results regarding the construction, the control and the simulation environment will be outlined.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Machine Vision for Surface Roughness Assessment of Inclined Components

    P. PriyaB. Ramamoorthy
    P.141-144页
    查看更多>>摘要：Many researchers have so far used machine vision and digital image processing for grabbing images of machined surfaces, improving their quality by pre-processing and then analysed them for evaluation of surface finish with a reasonable success. An attempt has been made in this work to capture the images of the surfaces with varying inclinations covering both the sides. The ideal orientation of the surface (flat and horizontal) is found by observing the variation in optical roughness parameters estimated from the grey level co-occurrence matrix as the angle of inclination changes. It is observed that the variation of roughness parameters with respect to angle of inclination also depends on the surface roughness of the component. The optical roughness values obtained by machine vision approach are then subsequently compared with the conventional R_a as obtained by stylus method and the analysis is presented.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Fractal Geometry Surface Modeling and Measurement for Musical Cymbal Surface Texture Design and Rapid Manufacturing

    Jack ZhouAnanth VasDenis Blackmore
    P.145-149页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper aims at an equation based simulation, CAD modeling and manufacturing of a fractal surface embedded on a musical cymbal. This study is a proof-of-concept of a new method of complex-surface characterization, design and manufacturing using an equation-based approach. A cymbal shape was chosen to carry the fractal profile because generally most musical cymbals have an inherent broken surface pattern that is created to enhance the resulting musical quality. A fractal surface cymbal model was developed; a point cloud representation of the cymbal was generated from Matlab; a surface model was built and processed in image data processing software Imageware; a solid model was completed in CAD software PRO/E; a rapid prototype of the fractal surface cymbal was fabricated; and MasterCam software was used to generate CNC codes and simulate the CNC machining process. The effect of the variation of the parameters of the equation based surface is also shown by varying the topothesy and fractal parameter of the surface.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    Final Results of the Geometrical Calibration of the Pressure Balances to be used for the new Determination of the Boltzmann Constant

    Otto JuskoDirk BastamMichael NeugebauerHelge Reimann...
    P.150-154页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper presents results of the dimensional calibration of piston-cylinder assemblies to be used for the joint NMI project "Re-determination of the Boltzmann constant". Several measurements optimization strategies are described. For the first time 3D uncertainties in the range of 8 nm (piston) and 16 nm (cylinder) could be achieved.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd

    3D Inspection of Fuel Assembly Components

    Alexey V. BeloborodovYuri V. ChuguiLeonid V. FinogenovAnna A. Gushchina...
    P.155-159页
    查看更多>>摘要：Safety increasing of nuclear reactors is urgent problem for atomic industry. It takes 100% noncontact dimensional inspection of nuclear reactor components. Optoelectronic methods and systems for 3D inspection of fuel assembly elements, including spacer grids and fuel elements, are presented. The universal structured light method for 3D inspection of Russian and western grid spacers using diffraction elements is developed. For fuel elements inspection one considers the shadow method which allows one to implement full inspection of articles under transported along the automatic production line. TDI SIE has developed the commercial version of systems for integral inspection of spacer grids and fuel elements. The experimental results of industrial testing are given.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Trans Tech Publications Ltd