查看更多>>摘要：This patent application is assigned to Pneumax LLC (Denver, Colorado, United Sta tes).The following quote was obtained by the news editors from the background informa tion supplied bythe inventors: “Over the past decade the use of electronic nico tine delivery systems (ENDS) such aselectronic cigarettes (ECs), has surged. In addition to health concerns for healthy adults, the use of ENDSamong the youth population and those with underlying lung conditions is particularly of concern (Overbeeket al., 2020, Bowler et al., 2017). Since 2018, serious pulmonary adv erse effects from use of ENDS havebeen noted to be the rise. In 2019, the Unite d States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) begun investigating a national outbreak of EC or vaping pro duct use-associated lung injury (EVALI) (Reagan-Steiner et al., 2020). EVALI led to hospitalizations,as a result of serious acute to subacute lung injury, and fatalities. Alpha-tocopheryl acetate (also knownas vitamin E acetate [hereafter referred to as VEA]), a dietary compound discovered to be used a diluentin some cannabis-containing ECs and vaping products, has b een strongly linked with the EVALI outbreak(Blount et al., 2020, Krishnasamy et al., 2020, Duffy et al., 2020). Thus far, the specific cause(s) ofEVALI is unk nown; however, the analyses of products and patient samples has implicated a rol e for VEA.Despite this, studies on how VEA can lead to EVALI have been sparse a nd limited to inhalation exposure oflaboratory murine models to EC aerosols (Bh at et al., 2020), challenging human bronchial and monocyticleukemia-derived cel l lines with EC liquid (e-liquid) (Muthumalage et al., 2020), or focused on solu bilityand thermal decomposition of VEA (Wu and O’Shea, 2020, Kozlovich et al., 2021).
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