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Sugar Tech: An international journal of sugar crops and related industries
Springer
Sugar Tech: An international journal of sugar crops and related industries

Springer

季刊

0972-1525

Sugar Tech: An international journal of sugar crops and related industries/Journal Sugar Tech: An international journal of sugar crops and related industriesSCIISTP
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    Sugarcane Varieties GT 42 and GT 44, not a Flash in the Pan, but the Flag in the Ship

    Qibin WuZhenxiang LiAomei LiLunwang Wang...
    627-634页
    查看更多>>摘要：Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is the primary sugar crop, accounting for over 85% of the sugar production in China. The sugarcane industry is of great importance in Guangxi Province, occupying 60% Chinese sugar supply and playing a key role in ensuring national sugar security. The selection of varieties is crucial for the success of sugarcane industry, with high-quality varieties making substantial contributions. Over the past two decades, the Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SRI-GXAAS) pioneered the sugarcane breeding of "strong ratooning ability, high lodging resistance, and suitable for mechanization" and successfully bred the GT series of varieties, establishing the benchmark for sugarcane breeding in China. Among them, GT 42 and GT 44 are standout varieties in the fifth generation, with GT 42 emerging as the largest and GT 44 as the fifth most significant variety in China by 2023. This perspective delves into the unique role of the GT series in Chinese sugarcane breeding. It specifically discusses the selection of parents, breeding process, and characteristics of GT 42 and GT 44. We also explore the genetic basis for the elite agronomic traits at the transcription level. These above insights will lay a solid foundation for future advancements in the breeding of superior sugarcane varieties in China.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    Genetic Improvement of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni): A Potential Calorie Free Natural Sweetener

    Shivanand D. AinapurT. N. LakshmidevammaB. N. Maruthi PrasadH. R. Meghana...
    635-653页
    查看更多>>摘要：The increasing global demand for Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, as a natural non-calorie sweetener has driven concentrated breeding efforts towards its genetic improvement for large-scale commercialization. Steviol glycosides responsible for sweetness in stevia leaves include stevioside, rebaudiosides and dulcoside. Inadequate genetic resources, characterization and the lack of high yielding, superior varieties pose major challenge in stevia production. Developing stevia varieties for high dry leaf yield, high steviol glycosides content particularly rebaudioside-A, optimum leaf-to-stem ratio, enhanced growth and photosynthetic activity, combating biotic and abiotic stresses is being targeted in genetic improvement programmes. Stevia exhibits considerable genetic diversity and in order to elucidate the genetics of steviol glycosides; the pattern of diversity has been assessed for achieving desired improvement. Recent advancements in biotechnological tools such as marker-assisted selection, genomics-assisted breeding, transcriptomics, metabolomics and genetic engineering have further accelerated the breeding progress. Marker-assisted and genomics-assisted breeding facilitate targeted improvements by identifying key genes linked to steviol glycosides biosynthesis. Genome sequencing of stevia revealed a 1416 Mb genome with over 80 per cent repetitive elements and transcriptomic analyses have identified critical glycosyltransferase genes involved in glycosylation, a critical process in steviol glycosides biosynthesis. Functional genomics and Agrobactenum-mediated transformation techniques have demonstrated the potential of metabolic engineering for enhancing steviol glycosides yield. This review highlights the progress made in stevia genetic improvement, emphasizing the integration of conventional breeding with advanced genomic tools to develop superior varieties and meet the rising demand for this natural sweetener.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    Recent Advances in the Adsorption and Mechanisms of Colored Substances in Sugarcane Juice: A Review

    Kun FangPei LiXiangrui HuangShengmei Gan...
    654-666页
    查看更多>>摘要：Historically, the production of white sugar from sugarcane has been marred by challenges like unsanitary conditions, excessive chemical use, suboptimal quality and yield, and high energy demands. These issues starkly contrast with modern sustainability principles, economy, and environmental consciousness. Green sugar clarification and decolorization techniques, especially adsorption-based method, have demonstrated superior efficiency in removing impurities and pigments while reducing chemical and energy requirements and simplifying operational procedures, making it a remarkably effective method. This review compares the advantages of adsorption process over conventional sugar production techniques with respect to color-forming impurities in sugarcane juice, and highlights recent applications of adsorption in the decolorization of sugarcane juice. In addition, this review explores the theoretical basis on adsorption and mass transfer with the objective of providing a comprehensive theoretical framework and detailed parameters for future color removal in sugarcane juice processing.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    Mechanism of Biochemical Resistance in Sugarcane Varieties Derived from Saccharum and Erianthus Against Borer Pests

    M. PunithavalliK. MohanrajT. Rajula ShanthyM. Yuvan Sankar Pandian...
    667-680页
    查看更多>>摘要：The popular sugarcane varieties grown across India were screened for resistance against early shoot borer (ESB), Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) and internode borer (INB), Chilo sacchariphagus indicus (Kapur) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) for three consecutive years (2019-2021) at the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Five of the seven varieties (Co 11015, Co 0212, Co 86032, Co 0238, and Co 09004) are commercial sugarcane hybrids (CSH), while the other two (Co 06030, Co 06022) are commercial hybrids derived from an Erianthus base (CSHE). The field screening studies revealed that ESB and INB incidences were significantly lower in the CSHs introgressed Erianthus base than in Saccharum. Furthermore, INB attacked internodes were significantly reduced in their length and girth invariably in all the commercial hybrids. However, INB bored stem tunnelling length was insignificant among the inbred of Saccharum and Erianthus. The varieties Co 06030 and Co 06022 derived from Erianthus showed a detrimental effect on the growth and development of ESB and INB. Similarly, the commercial variety Co 0238, had a significantly lower borer survival rate and a prolonged larval developmental period. A significant increase in secondary metabolites, including phenols, proteinase inhibitors (Pis), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and silicon content of these varieties, could have a negative impact on the biology of ESB and INB, suggesting an antibiosis mechanism of resistance. Correlation studies confirmed that proteinase inhibitors (Pis), silicon content and total phenols were negatively correlated to ESB and INB incidence as well as their developmental growth parameters, whereas total sugars were positively correlated to ESB and INB incidence. The study identified two sugarcane varieties Co 06030 and Co 06022 with Erianthus base which exhibited a moderate tolerant reaction to sugarcane borers. These varieties could be cultivated in borer endemic areas as well as included in the sugarcane integrated pest management (IPM) programme. Furthermore, these two varieties (Co 06030 and Co 06022) can be employed as donors in the sugarcane breeding programme to develop borer tolerant varieties in the future.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    Impact of Wilt on Flowering and Ratoon Establishment in Parental Clones of Sugarcane

    R. ViswanathanR. SelvakumarP. MalathiA. Ramesh Sundar...
    681-693页
    查看更多>>摘要：National Hybridization Garden (NHG) at ICAR-SBI, Coimbatore, India, is the national resource for sugarcane breeding and varietal development in India. The parental clones are being maintained under disease free conditions to utilize them in sugarcane hybridization and varietal development in the country. Recently, wilt struck some of the parental clones, that affected their utilization in breeding programme. Hence, a detailed study was conducted to assess the impact of wilt on flowering and ratoon establishment in about 225 parental clones at NHG. Of the 225 clones, 108 remained free from wilt and the remaining 117 clones exhibited varying incidences of wilt. Majority of wilt-free clones recorded more than 75 to 100% flowering, whereas wilt-affected clones recorded severe impact on flowering. Wilt susceptible clones exhibited very poor sprout emergence in their ratoons and the losses in sprout emergence ranged from 62.9 to 98.5%. In contrast, majority of the 22 resistant clones that exhibited 100% flowering recorded 3.33 to 115.2% higher sprout emergence in the ratoons as compared to the number of canes in the plant crop. Similar impact was observed on flowering and ratoon sprout emergence in 44 popular female parental clones. The NHG being a national resource for sugarcane breeding, it has to be maintained free from wilt and other serious diseases to continuously harness the genetic potential of the clones and to advance varietal development in the country. The present study has clearly revealed a severe impact of wilt on sugarcane growth, flowering an important trait for sugarcane breeding and ratoon crop establishment. This also reiterates the need for an integrated approach for wilt management in sugarcane parents and similar strategies for the crop under commercial cultivation.
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    • Springer Nature

    Growth and Nutritional Content of Pre-sprouted Seedlings of Five Sugarcane Cultivars Inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense Ab-V5, Ab-V6, Ab-V7, and HM053 Strains

    Franciele PaludoRoxana Beatriz Ribeiro ChavesIsabelle Cavagnoli WustroBruno Portela Brasileiro...
    694-703页
    查看更多>>摘要：The use of pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) of sugarcane offers benefits such a reduction the number of stalks during planting and improvements in seedling health. The genus Azospirillum is recognized for its benefits when associated with grasses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inoculation with A. brasilense strains Ab-V5, Ab-V6 and Ab-V7 (Triazo) or HM053 on the growth and nutritional content of five sugarcane cultivars grown in PSS system. Cultivars RB867515, RB006970, RB966928, RB056351, and RB016916 were inoculated with Triazo or strain HM053. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme. The percentage of sprouting and roots were evaluated at 7 days after inoculation (DAI). The remaining biometric and nutritional assessments occurred at 50 DAI. Inoculation with A. brasilense (Triazo or HM053) resulted in an increase in shoot dry matter in cultivar RB006970 and inoculation with HM053 in RB056351. The highest percentage of sprouting was in RB867515 and RB966928 inoculated with Triazo. Triazo reduced root and fine root length in RB056351 at 7 DAI. Interaction between cultivar and inoculant was observed with RB867515 showing a positive effect with Triazo, RB056351 benefited from inoculation with the strain HM053 and RB016916 did not show a positive effect with the bacterial strains. The genotypes responded differently to the strain used, demonstrating that there is a specific genotype-strain interaction. In general, the Triazo inoculant demonstrated better performance compared to HM053.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    Comprehensive Analysis of Sugarcane Resistance to Borers: Biophysical and Biochemical Screening in Pantnagar Region of Uttarakhand

    Saba TanveerRavi Prakash MauryaA. S. JeenaRajat Mohan Bhatt...
    704-713页
    查看更多>>摘要：Screening of the sugarcane germplasm accessions for their response against borer complex was conducted with ten germ-plasm accessions and five checks. The results of the screening revealed that germplasm accessions CoPant 12221 followed by CoPant 13224 and CoPant 17223 were recorded least susceptible against early shoot borer and top borer while, other germplasm accessions categorized as moderately to highly susceptible. All the germplasm accessions were recorded to be least susceptible against internode borer. Analysis of biophysical and biochemical screening was also performed for determining resistance traits in germplasm accessions against borers. The results revealed leaf number showed significant positive correlation with early shoot borer infestation (r = 0.613**), leaf width was found to be significantly correlated with top borer infestation (r = 0.629**). The internode borer infestation was reported to be significant correlated with leaf angle (r = 0.448*). The cumulative percent infestation of early shoot borer was significant positively correlated (r = 0.515*) with total soluble carbohydrates while with other biochemical parameter like phenol, tannins, flavonoid and chlorophyll had no significant correlation. Those germplasm accessions that incurred resistance showed these traits such as narrower leaf width, low number of leaves, wider leaf angle, higher levels pf antioxidant and phenol and decreased total carbohydrate content. These characteristics effectively led to reduced insect pests attack.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    A Survey on Sugarcane Mosaic Symptoms Leads to the First Report of Sugarcane Chlorotic Streak Virus in Cameroon

    Jean H. DaugroisBenoit AhondopkeSerge GalziCharlotte Julian...
    714-722页
    查看更多>>摘要：Twenty-five leaf samples collected from 17 sugarcane varieties from Cameroon were sent to Cirad in France for virus diagnosis. Four sugarcane leaf samples from four varieties showing mosaic-like symptoms tested negative by RT-PCR for poty-viruses and a poacevirus causing sugarcane mosaic and sugarcane streak mosaic in sugarcane, respectively. Virus sequences sharing 98-99% nucleotide identity with sugarcane chlorotic streak virus (SCSV) (Renamed Mastrevirus saccharumpallidi; ICTV 2024) isolates from Nigeria were found in these four samples by virion-associated nucleic acid metagenomics. Five complete genome sequences of SCSV from Cameroon were obtained by rolling circle amplification, cloning, and sequencing. These five genome sequences had 97.8-98.7% identity with the genome sequences of 12 SCSV isolates from Nigeria. The 17 full genome sequences of SCSV isolates from Cameroon and Nigeria shared 75-76% nucleotide identity with members of the closest Mastrevirus species (Eragrostis streak virus renamed Mastrevirus eragrostis and Urochloa streak virus renamed Mastrevirus urochloae by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses). To our knowledge, this is the first report of SCSV in Cameroon.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature

    Haplotype Dynamics, Phylogenetic Richness, and Population Demographics in Cercospora beticola Infecting Beta vulgaris and Other Crops via cmdA Gene Sequence Analysis

    Varucha MisraHimanshu PandeySanteshwari SrivastavaA. K. Mall...
    723-736页
    查看更多>>摘要：Cercospora beticola, a widespread pathogen causing leaf spot disease in multiple crops, heavily impacts global agriculture, affecting up to 63% of agricultural regions worldwide. The cmdA gene, crucial for encoding calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein, plays a vital role in various C. beticola processes, including the production of cercosporin toxin, essential for its pathogenicity. Through phylogenetic and haplotype analyses of 56 sequences, the genetic diversity of the cmdA gene was explored. Two primary clades were identified: clade Ⅰ, with broad geographic distribution across nine countries, and clade Ⅱ, represented by sequences from four countries. Seven distinct haplotypes were identified, with haplotype 5 being predominant. Haplotype diversity was calculated at 0.83745. Population genetics analysis revealed a significantly high Tajima value of 6.48675, indicating substantial haplotype diversity within the global C. beticola population. These findings offer valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics and geographic distribution of C. beticola, with potential implications for crop management strategies.
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    • Springer Nature

    From Adoption to Impact: A Comprehensive Analysis of Crop Insurance in India's Sugarcane Sector

    N. NivethaP. MuraliM.ThilagavathiV. Karthick...
    737-748页
    查看更多>>摘要：Agriculture is a risky enterprise due to its vulnerability to unpredictable factors. To overcome the risks, farmers are adopting risk mitigation strategies like crop diversification, integrated farming system, short duration crops, etc. In the modern era, crop insurance plays as a major tool of risk management. The inherent risks and uncertainty in farming highlight the importance of understanding of farmers' risk perceptions and management strategies, as well as the potential role of crop insurance in promoting stability and resilience. This study uses the data from the farmer's survey and examined the factors responsible for the adoption of crop insurance among sugarcane farmers and its impact on farm income. The findings revealed the complex interplay of socio-economic factors affecting insurance decisions. Education, farm size, risk aversion, income and previous crop loss experience emerge as significant determinants of insurance adoption. The study indicates a positive impact of crop insurance on farm income, with insured farmers (Rs. 39,673/ha) than their non-insured farmers. However, the research also uncovers a concerning trend of declining insurance participation in Tamil Nadu, with insured sugarcane area dropping from 27.18 per cent in 2018-2019 to 1.25 per cent in 2022-2023. This sharp decline underscores the urgent need for policy interventions to address the barriers in adoption. Improvement of extension services and inclusion of the tenant farmers in the programme would increase the adoption level of crop insurance among the sugarcane farmers.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Springer Nature