查看更多>>摘要：The urban fabric of the colonial city that was built in Oran (northwestern Algeria), between the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, consists mainly of urban collective housing units which were primarily constructed to accommodate the large numbers of French and European settlers who arrived in this city, following the French conquest of Algeria. In addition, the architectural and urban composition qualities of these constructions continue to distinguish the urban and architectural landscape of the city of Oran. This paper aims to examine the evolution of the typology of these buildings, while focusing on the complex relationship between the urban and architectural forms. The purpose of this work is, first, to identify the urban, architectural and functional attributes that contribute to the diverse characters of this housing typology and, secondly, to elucidate the transformations and evolutions of these housing structures over time, while emphasizing their links with the architectural design and urban functionality. The late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries are commonly viewed as the heyday of architectural typology in Oran where the prevalent architectural type was characterized by a few distinct characteristics. However, after further analysis, it turns out that this superficial unity breaks down into a multitude of variants that are distinguished by originality in plan, materials or ornamentation. The rhetorical flexibility of the type allows it to accept the most contradictory stylistic formulations and to place these various formulations again within the more global unity of the city. This is primarily due, among other things, to the flexible nature of its plan, which allows it to adapt to the different urban situations of the plot. In addition, the architectural, spatial and functional characteristics of urban collective residential buildings built in Oran during the colonial period challenge us on the potential and architectural qualities encountered in this old urban fabric. They also prompt inquiries about the future of the architectural legacy of the colonial era.
查看更多>>摘要：The prevailing understanding of how plots affect change and persistence is primarily derived from a few influential historical-qualitative studies. While the relations between urban form elements have been long emphasised in these studies, empirical research on plots and change relationship has predominantly utilized geometric variables describing individual qualities of plots, namely size and shape. The overlooked neighbour effect hypothesis, proposed by J. W.R. Whitehand, made the relationship between plots more explicit, and attributed their influence on change to the relational character of neighbouring properties. Recent quantitative urban form studies have introduced access-based and configurational plot variables that can be operationalised to better understand the relationship between plot patterns and urban form change. This paper investigates the relationship between plot configuration and patterns of building replacement in Midtown Manhattan from 1890 to 2021 by using a longitudinal morphological database. Employing a quantitative analysis framework, the study compares the performance of geometric and configurational plot measures in explaining building replacement patterns. The findings provide strong empirical support for Whitehand's neighbour effect hypothesis, suggesting that the propensity for change or persistence is generated by the degree of mutual support and interaction between neighbouring plots rather than their individual character. The study contributes to shifting the focus from plots to plot patterns as a basis for understanding urban form evolution.
查看更多>>摘要：This research, framed within the discipline of urban morphology, addresses the issue of identifying and understanding transitional urban areas in rapidly urbanizing hillside cities. It specifically focuses on the area between the Central Business District (CBD) and residential zones in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China. In hillside cities such as Chongqing, the complex terrain complicates urban development, often leading to incomplete or fragmented urban data, which challenges traditional planning methods. To overcome these challenges, we integrate map data, official planning documents and field survey outcomes to elucidate the complex urban form between the CBD and the inner residential areas of this hillside city. Our analysis employs an integrated approach using Geographic Information Systems (ArcGIS)-based spatial analysis, field surveys and document analysis. Leveraging data overlay and spatial positioning techniques ensures the accuracy and effectiveness of the research. The results disclose the persistence of traditional concentric circular structures in transitional areas between residential zones and the CBD, underscoring their role in accommodating a variety of commercial and social activities. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the spatial and social dynamics in Chongqing's urban transitional areas. It establishes a foundational framework for further exploring their role in urban planning.
Monia Del PintoGaryfalia PalaiologouKsenia ChmutinaLee Bosher...
64-86页
查看更多>>摘要：The urban spatial network plays a key role in the aftermath of an earthquake, potentially endangering its occupants, while also enabling evacuation. However, studies on vulnerability associated with the spatial network remain a fraction of the otherwise predominately building-centred work on urban disaster risk. Applications of space syntax modelling in disaster risk management to assess urban resilience in disaster scenarios are significant contributions towards understanding the spatiality of vulnerability. Although promising, the existing approaches are theoretically and methodologically disengaged from disaster theories. This shortcoming potentially leads to incorrect interpretations of urban disaster risk dynamics and leaves the fraction of risk associated with urban form poorly detected and unaddressed. To overcome this limitation, this paper applies a transdisciplinary approach and reinterprets selected space syntax measures and morphological concepts within the framework of disaster risk mnemonics, enabling the establishment of an integrated approach of benefit to a broader range of disciplines.
查看更多>>摘要：In the first research workshop of the North American Urban Morphology Network (NAUMN) held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada (June 1-2, 2024) at Universite du Quebec a Montreal (UQAM), the members reviewed the status of urban morphology across various 'departments' or 'schools' of architecture, urban planning, design and geography affiliated to North American universities. The focus was on comparing these institutions by examining how well urban morphology is integrated in these fields within the university structure and how established or sustainable they are in these academic programs.
查看更多>>摘要：Within the past 20 years the remarkable antiquity of dense urban settlement along the dry desert of coastal Peru has become evident from recent archaeological discoveries now dating to 4000 BC (6000 BP). These discoveries place early urban centres in line with early urban developments in China and the Near East within the traditional Neolithic period (Krim, 2021, 2024). Such urban settlements arose along central coastal Peru related to the rich fishing resources of the Cold Humbolt Current and the fluctuation of the El Nino ocean stream. Curiously, such urban settlement emerged without the usual Neolithic signatures of domesticated agriculture or animals, and without the complements of ceramic pottery.
查看更多>>摘要：The twelfth conference of the Portuguese-language Network of Urban Morphology (PNUM 2024) was held in Belem, in the state of Para, Brazil, between 11 and 13 September, 2024. Following previous eleven conferences, which alternated between Portugal and Brazil, and under the theme '(Re)existing morphologies: identities, experiences and processes', PNUM travelled to the north of Brazil for the first time, touched the Equator and embraced the Amazon.
查看更多>>摘要：The thirty-first Annual Conference of the International Seminar on Urban Form (ISUF) was held in Sao Paulo, Brazil, from 16 to 20 September, 2024. ISUF returned to Latin America and Brazil for the second time, the first such meeting having taken place in Ouro Preto in 2007.
查看更多>>摘要：After celebrating ISUF's 30-year anniversary at the Belgrade conference in 2023, ISUF entered a new decade with the 2024 annual conference in Sao Paulo, hosted by Heraldo Ferreira Borges and Denise Antonucci. The main theme of the event, 'Future horizons for urban form: disruption, continuity, expansion, and reverberation', provides the opportunity to discuss the current condition of, and future possibilities for, our organization. The following paragraphs address the momentum of ISUF and urban morphology, including the dynamics of its regional networks, the international conferences, research projects, and publications - including both books and papers in various journals (with Urban Morphology at the forefront).
查看更多>>摘要：The joint report of the President and the Secretary General was presented by the President, expressing thanks to the local organizers, Heraldo Borges and Denise Antonucci, on behalf of ISUF. The Sao Paulo Conference marks a pivotal moment in ISUF's transition into a new decade. The event's central theme, 'Future horizons for urban form: disruption, continuity, expansion and reverberation', presents an opportunity for us to reflect on our current state and explore potential future directions for our organization.
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Int Seminar Urban Form