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期刊信息/Journal information
防务技术
防务技术

朱荣桂

季刊

2214-9147

bgxbywk@tom.com

010-68963060

100089

北京市海淀区车道沟10号（北京2431信箱）

防务技术/Journal Defence TechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心EISCI
查看更多>>本刊以反映我国兵工战线科学技术的最新成果为主要特色，主要内容为兵器科学技术基础理论研究、试验技术与研究、工程制造技术与研究等。
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    Ballistic performance of additive manufacturing 3161 stainless steel projectiles based on topology optimization method

    Hao XueTao WangXinyu CuiYifan Wang...
    1-17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Material and structure made by additive manufacturing(AM)have received much attention lately due to their flexibility and ability to customize complex structures.This study first implements multiple objective topology optimization simulations based on a projectile perforation model,and a new topo-logic projectile is obtained.Then two types of 316L stainless steel projectiles(the solid and the topology)are printed in a selective laser melt(SLM)machine to evaluate the penetration performance of the projectiles by the ballistic test.The experiment results show that the dimensionless specific kinetic energy value of topologic projectiles is higher than that of solid projectiles,indicating the better pene-tration ability of the topologic projectiles.Finally,microscopic studies(scanning electron microscope and X-ray micro-CT)are performed on the remaining projectiles to investigate the failure mechanism of the internal structure of the topologic projectiles.An explicit dynamics simulation was also performed,and the failure locations of the residual topologic projectiles were in good agreement with the experimental results,which can better guide the design of new projectiles combining AM and topology optimization in the future.
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    Alkylene-functionality in bridged and fused nitrogen-rich poly-cyclic energetic materials:Synthesis,structural diversity and energetic properties

    Man XuNanxi XiangPing YinQi Lai...
    18-46页
    查看更多>>摘要：From the standpoint of chemical structures,the organic backbones of energetic materials can be clas-sified into aromatic rings,nonaromatic rings,and open chains.Although the category of aromatic en-ergetic compounds exhibits several advantages in the regulation of energetic properties,the nonaromatic heterocycles,assembling nitramino explosophores with simple alkyl bridges,still have prevailed in benchmark materials.The methylene bridge plays a pivotal role in the constructions of the classic nonaromatic heterocycle-based energetic compounds,e.g.,hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine(RDX)and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine(HMX),whereas ethylene bridge is the core moiety of state-of-the-art explosive 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).In this context,it is of great interest to employ simple and practical bridges to assemble aromatic and nonar-omatic nitrogen-rich heterocycles,thereby expanding the structural diversity of energetic materials,e.g.,bridged and fused nitrogen-rich poly-heterocycles.Furthermore,alkyl-bridged poly-heterocycles high-light the potential for the open chain type of energetic materials.In this review,the development of alkyl bridges in linking nitrogen-rich heterocycles is presented,and the perspective of the newly constructed energetic backbones is summarized for the future design of advanced energetic materials.
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    Influence of manufacturing process-induced geometrical defects on the energy absorption capacity of polymer lattice structures

    Alexandre RiotEnrico PanettieriAntonio CosculluelaMarco Montemurro...
    47-59页
    查看更多>>摘要：Modern additive manufacturing processes enable fabricating architected cellular materials of complex shape,which can be used for different purposes.Among them,lattice structures are increasingly used in applications requiring a compromise among lightness and suited mechanical properties,like improved energy absorption capacity and specific stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios.A dedicated modeling strategy to assess the energy absorption capacity of lattice structures under uni-axial compression loading is presented in this work.The numerical model is developed in a non-linear framework accounting for the strain rate effect on the mechanical responses of the lattice structure.Four geometries,i.e.,cubic body centered cell,octet cell,rhombic-dodecahedron and truncated cuboc-tahedron 2+,are investigated.Specifically,the influence of the relative density of the representative volume element of each geometry,the strain-rate dependency of the bulk material and of the presence of the manufacturing process-induced geometrical imperfections on the energy absorption capacity of the lattice structure is investigated.The main outcome of this study points out the importance of correctly integrating geometrical imperfections into the modeling strategy when shock absorption applications are aimed for.
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    Significantly enhanced thermal stability of HMX by phase-transition lysozyme coating

    Jiahui LiuCongmei LinJianhu ZhangChengcheng Zeng...
    60-68页
    查看更多>>摘要：A new robust bio-inspired route by using lysozyme aqueous solution for surface modification on 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane(HMX)was described in this paper.HMX crystals were coated by in situ phase transition of lysozyme(PTL)molecules.The HMX decorated by PTL was characterized by SEM,XRD,FTIR and XPS,demonstrating a dense core-shell coating layer.The coverage of lysozyme on HMX crystal was calculated by the ratio of sulfur content.The surface coverage increased from 60.5％to 93.5％when the content of PTL was changed from 0.5 wt％to 2.0 wt％,indicating efficient coating.The thermal stability of HMX was investigated by in situ XRD and DSC.The thermal phase transition temperature of HMX(β to δ phase)was delayed by 42 ℃ with 2.0 wt％PTL coating,which prevented HMX from thermal damage and sensitivity by the effect of PTL coating.After heating at 215 ℃,large cracks appeared in the naked HMX crystal,while the PTL coated HMX still maintained intact,with the impact energy of HMX dropped dramatically from 5 J to 2 J.However,the impact energy of HMX with 1.0 wt％and 2.0 wt％coating content(HMX@PTL-1.0 and HMX@PTL-2.0)was unchanged(5 J).Present results potentially enable large-scale fabrication of polymorphic energetic materials with outstanding thermal stability by novel lysozyme coating.
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    A supramolecular self-assembly material based on cucurbituril and cationic TPE as ultra-sensitive probe of energetic pentazolate salts

    Boan TangJingxiang ZhongShutao WangShiyu Zhou...
    69-76页
    查看更多>>摘要：The successful synthesis of the pentazolate anion(cyclo-N5-)has been a great breakthrough in the field of energetic materials.However,the detection methods for these energetic materials based on the pen-tazolate anion are quite rare.Herein,two fluorescent probes for cyclo-N5 anion were designed.Sensor 1(TPE2N)was synthesized with a tetraphenylethylene functionalized by two cationic groups which can generate strong electrostatic interactions with pentazolate anion and result in specific fluorescent changes.Sensor 2 was designed based on sensor 1 and supramolecular cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7]).The unique structural features of CB[7]provide sites for the interaction between the cations and N5 anion in its cavity,which would generate a platform for the detection and enhance the recognition performance.Isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)experiment and fluorescence titration experiment indicate the binding molar ratio between sensor 1 with CB[7]is 1:2.Both sensors display typical aggregation-induced emission(AIE)features and good water-solubility.The sensors demonstrate excellent sensitivity to pentazole hydrazine salt with high enhancement constant(sensor 1:1.34 x 106;sensor 2:3.78 x 106)and low limit of detection(LOD:sensor 1=4.33 µM;sensor 2=1.54 µM).The formation of an AIE-based supramolecular sensor effectively improves the sensitivity to N5 anion.In addition,the probes also have good selectivity of N5 anion salts.The research would shed some light on the design of novel fluorescent sensors to detect pentazolate-based molecules and provides an example of supramolecular chemistry combined with fluorescent probes.
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    Exact solution for thermal vibration of multi-directional functionally graded porous plates submerged in fluid medium

    Quoc-Hoa PhamVan Ke TranPhu-Cuong Nguyen
    77-99页
    查看更多>>摘要：An analytical method for analyzing the thermal vibration of multi-directional functionally graded porous rectangular plates in fluid media with novel porosity patterns is developed in this study.Mechanical properties of MFG porous plates change according to the length,width,and thickness directions for various materials and the porosity distribution which can be widely applied in many fields of engineering and defence technology.Especially,new porous rules that depend on spatial coordinates and grading indexes are proposed in the present work.Applying Hamilton's principle and the refined higher-order shear deformation plate theory,the governing equation of motion of an MFG porous rectangular plate in a fluid medium(the fluid-plate system)is obtained.The fluid velocity potential is derived from the boundary conditions of the fluid-plate system and is used to compute the extra mass.The Galerkin-Vlasov solution is used to solve and give natural frequencies of MFG porous plates with various boundary conditions in a fluid medium.The validity and reliability of the suggested method are confirmed by comparing numerical results of the present work with those from available works in the literature.The effects of different parameters on the thermal vibration response of MFG porous rect-angular plates are studied in detail.These findings demonstrate that the behavior of the structure within a liquid medium differs significantly from that within a vacuum medium.Thereby,they offer appropriate operational approaches for the structure when employed in various mediums.
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    Dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole compounds:Design strategy,synthesis,and properties of a series of new melt-cast explosives

    Bao-long KuangTing-wei WangCong LiMou Sun...
    100-107页
    查看更多>>摘要：Melt-cast explosives are the most widely used energetic materials in military composite explosives,researchers have been unremittingly exploring high-energy and insensitive melt-cast explosives.In this work,a series of dinitrophenyl-oxadiazole compounds were designed and prepared.These compounds have an ideal low melting point(80-97 ℃),good detonation performance(detonation velocity D=6455-6971 m/s,detonation pressure P=18-19 GPa)and extreme insensitive nature(impact sensitivity≥60 J,friction sensitivity＞360 N).All these compounds were well characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis.Compounds 2,3 were unam-biguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis.As a result,their overall properties are superior to traditional melt-cast explosives trinitrotoluene(TNT)and dinitroanisole(DNAN)which may have excellent potential applications in insensitive melt-cast explosives.
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    Energy dissipation mechanism and ballistic characteristic optimization in foam sandwich panels against spherical projectile impact

    Jianqiang DengTao LiuLiming ChenXin Pan...
    108-122页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study systematically examines the energy dissipation mechanisms and ballistic characteristics of foam sandwich panels(FSP)under high-velocity impact using the explicit non-linear finite element method.Based on the geometric topology of the FSP system,three FSP configurations with the same areal density are derived,namely multi-layer,gradient core and asymmetric face sheet,and three key structural parameters are identified:core thickness(tc),face sheet thickness(tf)and overlap face/core number(no).The ballistic performance of the FSP system is comprehensively evaluated in terms of the ballistic limit velocity(BLV),deformation modes,energy dissipation mechanism,and specific penetration energy(SPE).The results show that the FSP system exhibits a significant configuration dependence,whose ballistic performance ranking is:asymmetric face sheet＞gradient core＞multi-layer.The mass distribution of the top and bottom face sheets plays a critical role in the ballistic resistance of the FSP system.Both BLV and SPE increase with tf,while the raising tc or no leads to an increase in BLV but a decrease in SPE.Further,a face-core synchronous enhancement mechanism is discovered by the energy dissipation analysis,based on which the ballistic optimization procedure is also conducted and a design chart is established.This study shed light on the anti-penetration mechanism of the FSP system and might provide a theoretical basis for its engineering application.
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    A shield of defense:Developing ballistic composite panels with effective electromagnetic interference shielding absorption

    Nisrin Rizek Abdelal
    123-136页
    查看更多>>摘要：The primary goal of this study is to develop cost-effective shield materials that offer effective protection against high-velocity ballistic impact and electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding capabilities through absorption.Six fiber-reinforced epoxy composite panels,each with a different fabric material and stacking sequence,have been fabricated using a hand-layup vacuum bagging process.Two panels made of Kevlar and glass fibers,referred to as(K-NIJ)and(G-NIJ),have been tested according to the National Institute of Justice ballistic resistance protective materials test NIJ 0108.01 Standard-Level ⅢA(9 mm × 19 mm FMJ 124 g)test.Three panels,namely,a hybrid of Kevlar and glass(H-S),glass with ceramic particles(C-S),and glass with recycled rubber(R-S)have been impacted by the bullet at the center,while the fourth panel made of glass fiber(G-S)has been impacted at the side.EMI shielding properties have been measured in the X-band frequency range via the reflection-transmission method.Results indicate that four panels(K-NIJ,G-NIJ,H-S,and G-S)are capable of withstanding high-velocity impact by stopping the bullet from penetrating through the panels while maintaining their structural integrity.However,under such conditions,these panels may experience localized delamination with variable severity.The EMI measurements reveal that the highest absorptivity observed is 88％for the K-NIJ panel at 10.8 GHz,while all panels maintain an average absorptivity above 65％.All panels act as a lossy medium with a peak absorptivity at different frequencies,with K-NIJ and H-S panels demon-strating the highest absorptivity.In summary,the study results in the development of a novel,cost-effective,multifunctional glass fiber epoxy composite that combines ballistic and electromagnetic interference shielding properties.The material has been developed using a simple manufacturing method and exhibits remarkable ballistic protection that outperforms Kevlar in terms of shielding effi-ciency;no bullet penetration or back face signature is observed,and it also demonstrates high EMI shielding absorption.Overall,the materials developed show great promise for various applications,including the military and defense.
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    Impact response and energy absorption of metallic buffer with entangled wire mesh damper

    Chao ZhengJun WuMangong ZhangXin Xue...
    137-150页
    查看更多>>摘要：An innovative metallic buffer consisting of series-connected hat-shaped entangled wire mesh damper(EWMD)and parallel springs are proposed in this work to enhance the reliability of engineering equipment.The impact response and the energy dissipation mechanism of hat-shaped EWMD under different quasi-static compression deformations(2-7 mm)and impact heights(100-200 mm)are investigated using experimental and numerical methods.The results demonstrate distinct stages in the quasi-static mechanical characteristics of hat-shaped EWMD,including stiffness softening,negative stiffness,and stiffness hardening.The loss factor gradually increases with increasing compression deformation before entering the stiffness hardening stage.Under impact loads,the hat-shaped EWMD exhibits optimal impact energy absorption when it enters the negative stiffness stage(150 mm),resulting in the best impact isolation effect of metallic buffer.However,the impact energy absorption significantly decreases when hat-shaped EWMD enters the stiffness hardening stage.Interestingly,quasi-static compression analysis after experiencing different impact loads reveals the disappearance of the nega-tive stiffness phenomenon.Moreover,with increasing impact loads,the stiffness hardening point pro-gressively shifts to an earlier stage.
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