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中国化学工程学报（英文版）
中国化学工程学报（英文版）

廖叶华

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中国化学工程学报（英文版）/Journal Chinese Journal of Chemical EngineeringCSCDCSTPCD北大核心EISCI
查看更多>>The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering (Bimonthly, started in 1982) is the official journal of the Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press. The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering. It publishes original research papers that cover the major advancements and achievements in chemical engineering in China as well as some articles from overseas contributors. The topics of journal include chemical engineering, chemical technology, biochemical engineering, energy and environmental engineering and other relevant fields. Papers are published on the basis of their relevance to theoretical research, practical application or potential uses in the industry as Research Papers, Research Notes, Chemical Engineering Data and Reviews. Prominent domestic and overseas chemical experts and scholars have been invited to form an International Advisory Board and the Editorial Committee. It enjoys recognition among Chinese academia and industry as a reliable source of information of what is going on in chemical engineering research, both domestic and abroad.
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    Simultaneous purification of minor components in natural products using twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient

    Guangxia JinYuxue WuFeng Wei
    212-219页
    查看更多>>摘要：The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant chal-lenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar compounds.This study introduces an optimized twin-column recycling chromatography method for the efficient and simultaneous purification of these elusive constituents.By introducing water at a small flowing rate between the twin columns,a step solvent gradient is created,by which the leading edge of concentration band would migrate at a slower rate than the trailing edge as it flowing from the upstream to downstream column.Hence,the band broadening is counterbalanced,resulting in an enrichment effect for those minor components in separation process.Herein,two target substances,which showed similar peak position in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and did not exceed 1.8％in crude paclitaxel were selected as target compounds for separation.By using the twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient,a successful purification was achieved in getting the two with the purity almost 100％.We suggest this method is suitable for the separation of most components in natural produces,which shows higher precision and recovery rate compared with the common lab-operated separation ways for natural products(thin-layer chromatography and prep-HPLC).
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    Supersonic expansion and condensation characteristics of hydrogen gas under different temperature conditions

    Xinyue DuanZeyu ZhangZiyuan ZhaoYang Liu...
    220-226页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper introduced supersonic expansion liquefaction technology into the field of hydrogen lique-faction.The mathematical model for supersonic condensation of hydrogen gas in a Laval nozzle model was established.The supersonic expansion and condensation characteristics of hydrogen gas under different temperature conditions were investigated.The simulation results show that the droplet number rises rapidly from 0 at the nozzle throat as the inlet temperature increases,and the maximum droplet number generated is 1.339 × 1018 kg-1 at inlet temperature of 36.0 K.When hydrogen nucleation occurs,the droplet radius increases significantly and shows a positive correlation with the increase in the inlet temperature,and the maximum droplet radii are 6.667 × 10-8 m,1.043 × 10-7 m,and 1.099 × 10-7 m when the inlet temperature is 36.0 K,36.5 K,and 37.0 K,respectively.The maximum nucleation rate decreases with increasing inlet temperature,and the nucleation region of the Laval nozzle becomes wider.The liquefaction efficiency can be effectively improved by lowering the inlet temperature.This is because a lower inlet temperature provides more subcooling,which allows the hydrogen to reach the thermodynamic conditions required for large-scale condensation more quickly.
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    Thermal pretreatment of willow branches impacts yield and pore development of activated carbon in subsequent activation with ZnCl2 via modifying cellulose structure

    Linghui KongChao LiRunxing SunShu Zhang...
    227-237页
    查看更多>>摘要：Development of pore structures of activated carbon(AC)from activation of biomass with ZnCl2 relies on content and structure of cellulose/hemicellulose in the feedstock.Thermal pretreatment of biomass could induce dehydration and/or aromatization to change the structure of cellulose/hemicellulose.This might interfere with evolution of structures of AC,which was investigated herein via thermal pre-treatment of willow branch(WB)from 200 to 360 ℃ and the subsequent activation with ZnCl2 at 550 ℃.The results showed that thermal pretreatment at 360 ℃(WB-360)could lead to substantial pyrolysis to form biochar,with a yield of 31.9％,accompanying with nearly complete destruction of cellulose crystals and remarkably enhanced aromatic degree.However,cellulose residual in WB-360 could still be acti-vated to form AC-360 with specific surface area of 1837.9 m2·g-1,which was lower than that in AC from activation of untreated WB(AC-blank,2077.8 m2·g-1).Nonetheless,the AC-200 from activation of WB-200 had more developed pores(2113.9 m2·g-1)and superior capability for adsorption of phenol,due to increased permeability of ZnCl2 to the largely intact cellulose structure in WB-200.The thermal pre-treatment did increase diameters of micropores of AC but reduced the overall yield of AC(26.8％for AC-blank versus 18.0％for AC-360),resulting from accelerated cracking but reduced intensity of condensa-tion.In-situ infrared characterization of the activation showed that ZnCl2 mainly catalyzed dehydration,dehydrogenation,condensation,and aromatization but not cracking,suppressing the formation of de-rivatives of cellulose and lignin in bio-oil.The thermal pretreatment formed phenolic-OH and C=O with higher chemical innerness,which changed the reaction network in activation,shifting morphology of fibrous structures in AC-blank to"melting surface"in AC-200 or AC-280.
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    Solubility determination and comparison of β-HMX and RDX in two binary mixed solvents(acetonitrile+water,nitric acid+water)

    Yuehua YaoFan WangYinguang XuZishuai Xu...
    238-249页
    查看更多>>摘要：In order to remove hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine(RDX),the main impurity,in process of polymorphic transformation of octrahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine(HMX),the solubility ofβ-HMX and RDX in acetonitrile(ACN)+water in the temperature range of 288.15-333.15 K and in nitric acid(HNO3)+water in the temperature range of 298.15-333.15 K were measured by laser dynamic method.The results showed that the solubility of both β-HMX and RDX in binary mixed solvents increased monotonously as the temperature increase at a given solvent composition or with increasing of mole fraction of solvent(ACN and nitric acid).Solubility data were well correlated by the modified Apelblat equation,Jouyban-Acree model,Yaws equation and van't Hoff equation,and the Yaws equation achieved the best fitting results according to the relative error and the mean square error root.Furthermore,the solubility of β-HMX and RDX in binary mixed solvent was compared,based on the solubility difference and the solvent's own properties,the best separation degree of β-HMX and RDX was found when the mole fraction of nitric acid was 0.22 at room temperature,which provided data support for HMX crystallization in mixed solvent.The solubility differences between RDX and p-HMX in mixed solvents were explained from the formation of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds.
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    Effects of baffle position in serpentine flow channel on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

    Guodong XiaXiaoya ZhangDandan Ma
    250-262页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study used a three-dimensional numerical model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with five types of channels:a smooth channel(Case 1);eight rectangular baffles were arranged in the upstream(Case 2),midstream(Case 3),downstream(Case 4),and the entire cathode flow channel(Case 5)to study the effects of baffle position on mass transport,power density,net power,etc.Moreover,the effects of back pressure and humidity on the voltage were investigated.Results showed that compared to smooth channels,the oxygen and water transport facilitation at the diffusion layer-channel interface were added 11.53％-20.60％and 7.81％-9.80％at 1.68 A·cm-2 by adding baffles.The closer the baffles were to upstream,the higher the total oxygen flux,but the lower the flux uniformity the worse the water removal.The oxygen flux of upstream baffles was 8.14％higher than that of downstream baffles,but oxygen flux uniformity decreased by 18.96％at 1.68 A·cm-2.The order of water removal and voltage improvement was Case 4＞Case 5＞Case 3＞Case 2＞Case 1.Net power of Case 4 was 9.87％higher than that of the smooth channel.To the Case 4,when the cell worked under low back pressure or high humidity,the voltage increments were higher.The potential increment for the back pressure of 0 atm was 0.9％higher than that of 2 atm(1 atm=101.325 kPa).The potential increment for the humidity of 100％was 7.89％higher than that of 50％.
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    Process synthesis for the separation of coal-to-ethanol products

    Qingping QuDaoyan LiuHao LyuJinsheng Sun...
    263-278页
    查看更多>>摘要：The coal-to-ethanol process,as the clean coal utilization,faces challenges from the energy-intensive distillation that separates multi-component effluents for pure ethanol.Referring to at least eight col-umns,the synthesis of the ethanol distillation system is impracticable for exhaustive comparison and difficult for conventional superstructure-based optimization as rigorous models are used.This work adopts a superstructure-based framework,which combines the strategy that adaptively selects branches of the state-equipment network and the parallel stochastic algorithm for process synthesis.High-performance computing significantly reduces time consumption,and the adaptive strategy substan-tially lowers the complexity of the superstructure model.Moreover,parallel computing,elite search,population redistribution,and retention strategies for irrelevant parameters are used to improve the optimization efficiency further.The optimization terminates after 3000 generations,providing a flow-sheet solution that applies two non-sharp splitting options in its distillation sequence.As a result,the 59-dimension superstructure-based optimization was solved efficiently via a differential evolution al-gorithm,and a high-quality solution with a 28.34％lower total annual cost than the benchmark was obtained.Meanwhile,the solution of the superstructure-based optimization is comparable to that ob-tained by optimizing a single specific configuration one by one.It indicates that the superstructure-based optimization that combines the adaptive strategy can be a promising approach to handling the process synthesis of large-scale and complex chemical processes.
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