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材料科学技术（英文版）
材料科学技术（英文版）

胡壮麟

月刊

1005-0302

jmst@imr.ac.cn

024-83978208

110016

沈阳市沈河区文化路72号

材料科学技术（英文版）/Journal Journal of Materials Science & TechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心EISCI
查看更多>>本刊简称《JMST》，（ISSN 1005-0302，CN 21-1315/TG）。1985年创刊。是中国科协主管，中国金属学会，中国材料研究学会和中国科学院金属研究所联合主办的国际性英文期刊，以“加强国际交流，扩大学术影响，服务经济建设”为办刊宗旨，刊登世界各国的具有创新性和较高学术水平的原始性论文，并设有物约综述、快报、简讯及国内外材料界杰出学者简介等栏目，内容包括金属材料、无机非金属材料、复合材料及有机高分子材料等。
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    In situ study on the oscillation of mobile droplets and force analysis during the directional solidification of Al-Bi alloy

    Ya ZhangYue WuYang TangJianbo Ma...
    1-9页
    查看更多>>摘要：During solidifications of immiscible alloys,the motion of droplets at the solid/liquid(S/L)interface is gen-erally driven by dragging force,gravity force,repulsion force of interface,and thermal-solutal Marangoni force,However,there is few in situ study investigating kinetics behavior to analyze the forces on droplets.The mechanism of droplet motion remains unclear due to the unavailability or uncertainty of the effect of convection and solutal Marangoni force on droplet behavior.In this study,directional solidification of im-miscible Al-Bi alloy was observed via synchrotron radiography,and the horizontal oscillation of droplets at S/L interface was detected for the first time.Forces,especially solutal Marangoni force,were calcu-lated based on the in situ measured radius of droplets and thermal-solutal gradients.The experimental results cannot be reasonably explained by the previous analysis model which neglects melt convection.The non-negligible effect of flow on droplet motion was demonstrated,and the force balance of droplet both vertically and horizontally can be obtained considering a lift force of 6.39 × 10-9 N and a modified solute-related parameter dσ/dc of 0.45-0.65 J m-2,respectively.
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    LnVO4(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,etc.)-based photocatalysts:Synthesis,design,and applications

    Liquan JingYuanguo XuMeng XieChongchong Wu...
    10-43页
    查看更多>>摘要：LnVO4(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,etc.)is an emerging photocatalyst for solving the energy and environmental crisis,due to its suitable band gap,special valence electronic structure,high thermal,and chemical sta-bility,as well as excellent photocatalytic performance.Although exhibiting great promise,the low solar power employment efficiency of LnVO4 materials has limited its further development and application.However,recent breakthroughs have been made in both heightening its photocatalysis efficiency and elu-cidating the essential photocatalytic mechanisms.Therefore,it is important to review and summarize recent research progress on LnVO4 nanomaterials and their applications.In this review,we systemat-ically report on and examine recent computational and experimental advances in the modification of LnVO4-based photocatalysts through morphology adjustment,elemental doping,phase structure modula-tion,crystal facet modulation,defect modulation,heterostructure,and beyond.Thereafter,we outline cur-rent promising photocatalytic applications and discuss challenges/expected upcoming research aims for LnVO4-based photocatalysts.Our goal is to furnish guidance for the reasonable design and preparation of highly efficient LnVO4(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,etc.)-based photocatalytic materials for sundry applications.
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    In-situ monitoring plume,spattering behavior and revealing their relationship with melt flow in laser powder bed fusion of nickel-based superalloy

    You WangWei GuoYinkai XieHuaixue Li...
    44-58页
    查看更多>>摘要：Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is a highly dynamic and complex physical process,and single-track de-fects tend to accumulate into non-negligible internal defects of parts.The nickel-based superalloy single track was fabricated by LPBF,and its plume and spattering behavior were monitored in situ and recorded in real time based on image recognition and tracking in this study.The relationship among laser energy density,melt flow,plume and spattering behavior during LPBF was discussed.Volumetric energy density had limitations as a design parameter for LPBF.However,we found that plume and spattering behavior can be used as real-time design parameters for the processing of LPBF parts and implemented the initial velocity statistics for LPBF single-track spattering based on the centroid extraction algorithm.The influ-ence of melt flow evolution paths on the spattering and plume behavior in three different melting modes was revealed,and a shift in plume behavior was found in the overlap region of the additive substrate.This study provides a new method for obtaining statistics of spattering-related physical quantities in the melting mode,which is beneficial for the development of processing methods to mitigate the instability of the LPBF process.
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    Ultrahigh energy storage with superfast charge-discharge capability achieved in linear dielectric ceramic

    Xuqing ZhangYongping PuYating NingLei Zhang...
    59-67页
    查看更多>>摘要：Ceramic capacitors designed for energy storage demand both high energy density and efficiency.Achiev-ing a high breakdown strength based on linear dielectrics is of utmost importance.In this study,we present the remarkable performance of densely sintered(1-x)(Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3)-xBa4Sm28/3Ti18O54 ceramics as energy storage materials,with a measured energy density(Wrec)of 4.9 J/cm3 and an ultra-high ef-ficiency(η)of 95％which is almost optimal in linear dielectric that has been reported.To unravel the underlying mechanisms,we conducted a systematic investigation on the influence of adding paraelec-tric Ba4Sm28/3Ti18O54(BST)on both microstructure and macroscopic electrical properties of Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3(CST).Notably,the addition of BST effectively reduces the grain size of CST.The conduction mechanism is primarily governed by grain boundaries,where high-density grain boundaries act as barriers to charge carrier transport due to their elevated resistivity.Moreover,the activation energy associated with grain boundaries increases with rising resistivity,implying a lower concentration of free vacancies within these regions.The increased barrier height for oxygen vacancy migration at grain boundaries compensates for the grain boundary defects,thereby resulting in enhanced breakdown strength.This characteristic offers a substantial advantage in terms of thermal and frequency stability(25-175 ℃,1-100 Hz).This work introduces a candidate material with outstanding comprehensive energy storage properties.
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    Liquid-source plasma technology for construction of dual bromine-fluorine-enriched interphases on lithium metal anodes with enhanced performance

    Ping LiuZhong QiuFeng CaoYongqi Zhang...
    68-78页
    查看更多>>摘要：The electrochemical performance of Li metal anode is closely bound up with the interphase between Li and lithium-loaded skeleton as well as solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on Li surface.Herein,for the first time,we propose a novel liquid-source CHBr2F plasma technology to simultaneously construct dual bromine-fluorine-enriched interphases:NiBr2-NiF2 interphase on sponge Ni(SN)skeleton and LiBr-LiF-enriched SEI on Li anode,respectively.Based on density functional theory(DFT)calculations and COMSOL multiphysics simulation results,SN skeleton with NiBr2-NiF2 interphase can effectively decrease the local current density with good lithiophilicity.And the LiBr-LiF-enriched SEI on Li surface can function to block electron tunneling and hinder side electrochemical reduction of electrolyte components,thus suppressing the growth of dendrite and facilitating the homogeneous transportation of lithium ions.Consequently,the Li/SN electrodes with modified interphases show remarkable stability with a low overpotential of 22.6 mV over 1800 h at 1 mA cm-2/1 mAh cm-2 and an exceptional average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6％.When coupled with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811)cathode,the full cells deliver improved cycling stability with a capacity retention of 79.5％even after 350 cycles at 0.5 C.This study provides a facile and new plasma method for the construction of advanced Li anodes for energy storage.
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    Super-high strength of a CoCrNiFe based high entropy alloy

    Jiale ManBaolin WuGuosheng DuanLu Zhang...
    79-84页
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    D022 precipitates strengthened W-Ta-Fe-Ni refractory high-entropy alloy

    Tong LiJin-Xi ChenTian-Wei LiuYan Chen...
    85-95页
    查看更多>>摘要：Refractory high-entropy alloys have recently emerged as promising candidates for high-temperature structural applications.However,their performance is compromised by the trade-off required between strength and ductility.Here,a novel W30Ta5(FeNi)65 refractory high-entropy alloy with an outstanding combination of strength and plasticity at both room and elevated temperatures is designed,based on the multi-phase transitions design strategy.The alloy comprises a body-centered cubic dendrite phase,a topologically close-packed μ rhombohedral phase,and a high-density coherent nano-precipitate γ"phase with the D022structure(Ni3Ta type)embedded in a continuous face-centered cubic matrix.Owing to pre-cipitation strengthening of D022,the yield stress of the alloy is determined as high as 1450 MPa,which is a significant improvement(～100％)in comparison with the D022-free alloy,without a loss of ductil-ity.This alloy exhibits an excellent high-temperature strength,with the yield strengths of 1300 MPa at 600 ℃ and 320 MPa at 1000 ℃.Detailed microstructural characterization using transmission electron mi-croscopy,high-angle annular dark-field imaging,and three-dimensional atom probe tomography analyses indicated that this superior strength-plasticity combination stems from the synergy of a multiple-phase structure.These results provide a new insight into the design of RHEAs and other advanced alloys.
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    Unexpected non-monotonic changing in the heterogeneity of glasses during annealing

    Yu TongFucheng LiLijian SongYanhui Liu...
    96-102页
    查看更多>>摘要：The heterogeneity of glasses has critical influences on the properties.How heterogeneity evolves during annealing is an intriguing cutting-edge question.In this work,the heterogeneity of the annealed metal-lic and polymer glasses has been studied systematically by using stress relaxation and nanoindentation tests.The stress relaxation processes are analyzed using Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts(KWW)equation.We surprisingly find that the heterogeneous factor βkww in KWW equation does not change monotonously but increases first and then decreases along with the annealing time.The two-stage process implies that glasses do not evolve as expected toward the more homogeneous glassy state but become homogeneous first and then more heterogeneous.This is further verified by the evolution of critical shear stress for local plasticity.It is revealed that the two-stage process is correlated with different relaxation modes,which is further interpreted using a phenomenological model.These findings not only give insights into understanding the nature of glasses,but also are useful for designing glasses with superior properties.
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    Beta-phase transformation of polyvinylidene fluoride with supersonically sprayed ZnSnO3 cuboids for flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators

    Bhavana JoshiTaegun KimWoojin LimEdmund Samuel...
    103-113页
    查看更多>>摘要：Flexible self-powered electromechanical devices,such as piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs),which are used in wearable and implantable devices,are emerging as state-of-the-art clean energy sources.In this study,a scalable supersonic spraying technique was used to prepare flexible piezocomposite films of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and hydrothermally synthesized ZnSnO3(ZSO)cubes for PENGs.Raman spectra confirmed that the transformation of the α-phase of PVDF to its β-phase was induced by the shear stress generated between the ZSO particles and PVDF polymer during supersonic spraying.The op-timized sample comprising 0.43 g of ZSO cubes and 1 g of PVDF produced a maximum piezopotential of 41.5 V and a short-circuit current,Isc,of 52.5 μA.A maximum power density of 50.6 μW cm-2 was ob-tained at a loading resistance of 0.4 MΩ,which matched the impedance of the PENG.Long-term tapping and bending cycles of Ntap=4200 and Nbend=600 yielded piezopotentials of 40.5 and 1.7 V,respectively.In addition,electrical poling for 2 h increased the piezopotential to 52 V owing to the alignment of the ferroelectric dipoles in the PVDF.
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    Atomic-scale investigation of precipitate phases in QE22 Mg alloy

    Xiaojun ZhaoZhiqiao LiAiping ZhangLonglong Hao...
    114-127页
    查看更多>>摘要：Precipitation-hardenable commercial Mg alloy QE22(Mg-2.5Ag-2.ONd-0.7Zr,wt.％)has excellent mechan-ical properties,but precipitates in this alloy have not been well understood.In this work,precipitate phases γ",γ,and δ formed during the isothermal ageing process at 150,200,250,and 300 ℃ have been characterized using atomic-resolution high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron mi-croscopy and atomic-scale energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The morphology,crystal structure,and orientation relationship of these precipitate phases have been determined.Domain boundaries usually exist in a single γ particle,which can be characterized by a separation vector of[1(1)01]α.The δ phase forms in situ from its precursor γ phase,consequently leading to the formation of three different variants within a single 8 particle.The nucleation of the δ phase is strongly related to the domain boundaries of the y phase.The formation of the γ phase may be promoted by its precursor γ"phase.The similarities in atomic structures of the γ",γ,and δ phases are described and discussed,indicating that transfor-mations between these precipitate phases can be accomplished through the diffusion of added alloying elements.
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