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国际泥沙研究（英文版）
国际泥沙研究（英文版）

王兆印

季刊

1001-6279

chyh@iwhr.com；liuxy@iwhr.com

010-68786579

100044

北京车公庄西路20号

国际泥沙研究（英文版）/Journal International Journal of Sediment ResearchCSCDSCI
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    Post-fire erosion and sediment yield in a Mediterranean forest catchment in Italy

    Giovanni MastrolonardoGiulio CastelliGiacomo CertiniMelanie Maxwald...
    464-477页
    查看更多>>摘要：Wildfires are an increasingly alarming phenomenon that affects forests and agroecosystems,generating several cascade effects among which soil erosion is one of the most deleterious.A robust body of data-based evidence on post-fire soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale is,thus,required,especially when dealing with areas where wildfires are particularly frequent,such as the Mediterranean basin.This study analyzes the impact of the first rains after a large wildfire in terms of soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale in a Mediterranean area,the Pisan Mountains,central Italy.Here about 1,000 ha of olive groves,maquis,maritime pine,and chestnut forests,all on steep slopes,burned in 2018.Fire(or burn)severity was mapped by remote sensing and checked by a field survey.Sediment yield was assessed by sampling earthy materials deposited upstream of a check dam at the outlet of the studied watershed.Finally,a hydrological model was developed in the hydrologic engineering center-hydrological modelling system(HEC-HMS)environment to explore the relationship between the erosion-deposition events observed in the watershed and the rainfall-induced hydrological processes.The first two post-fire rainy events relocated a high mass of sediment,mostly non-organic and char-acterized by light color,perhaps already in the stream before fire,while the subsequent four rain showers deposited materials rich in pyrogenic organic matter.Overall,the soil erosion caused by these six major rainfall events-the larger of which had a return time of one year-was estimated to amount to 7.85 t/ha(0.26 mm in the watershed),corresponding to 42％of the watershed average annual potential erosion rate in unburned conditions.This value is lower than expected,and,overall,moderate if compared to other Mediterranean case studies,possibly because of the nature of soils in the watershed,i.e.,shallow and stony,thus,poor in fines prone to erosion.
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    Physical and chemical techniques for a comprehensive characterization of river sediment:A case of study,the Moquegua River,Peru

    Luis De Los Santos ValladaresArquimedes Vargas-LuqueLuis Borja-CastroRenato Valencia-Bedregal...
    478-494页
    查看更多>>摘要：River sediment is comprised of complex mineral systems composed by different kinds of organic and inorganic matter,and thus,is difficult to characterize.Besides,some standard techniques,such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),optical and scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy,inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),and simultaneous Thermogravimetric Analysis-Differential Thermal Analysis(TGA-DTA),Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetometry can provide substancial information about the compositional,physical,and chemical characteristics.In the current study,the versality of these methods is tested and the in-formation provided by these methods for eight sediment samples,collected from the Moquegua River,Peru is compared.Qualitative analysis indicates that the samples consist of sand grains with different shapes,sizes,and colors coexisting with the presence of some diatoms.The chemical and mineralogical analysis reveal that the samples are composed mainly of silicon(Si),aluminium(Al),sodium(Na),po-tassium(K),aluminon-silicates,and carbonates,typical for river sediment.More detailed information obtained by these techniques include the discovery of adsorbed oxygen-hydrogen(O-H),carbon-H(C-H)and C,from organic matter,the thermal reactions and decomposition of the components,and the identification of the minor iron-oxides components.Further,other properties such as magnetic interaction are also analyzed in detail.
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    后插1,封3页
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