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环境科学与生态技术(英文)
环境科学与生态技术(英文)
环境科学与生态技术(英文)/Journal Environmental Science & EcotechnologySCI
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    Assessment of the environmental kuznets curve within EU-27:Steps toward environmental sustainability(1990-2019)

    Pengfei ZhangKuishuang FengLi YanYaqin Guo...
    91-103页
    查看更多>>摘要:Reducing environmental pollution is a critical goal in global environmental economics and economic development.The European Union(EU)faces environmental challenges due to its development activ-ities.Here we present a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions,energy consumption(EC),population structure(POP),economy(GDP),and policies on the environment within the EU using the environmental Kuznets curve(EKC).Our research reveals that between 1990 and 2019,the EU-27 experienced an increase of+1.18 million tonnes of oil equivalent(Mtoe)per year in energy consumption(p<0.05),while CO2 emissions decreased by 24.25 million tonnes(Mt)per year(p<0.05).The highest reduction in CO2 emissions occurred in Germany(-7.52 Mt CO2 annually),and the lowest in Latvia(-0.087 Mt CO2 annually).The empirical EKC analysis shows an inverted-U shaped relationship between GDP and CO2 emissions in the EU-27.Specifically,a 1%increase in GDP results in a 0.705%increase in carbon emission,while a 1%increase in GDP2 leads to a 0.062%reduction in envi-ronmental pollution in the long run(p<0.01).These findings indicate that economic development within the EU has reached a stage where economic growth positively impacts the environment.Overall,this study provides insights into the effectiveness of environmental policies in mitigating degradation and promoting green growth in the EU 27 countries.

    Four buildings and a flush:Lessons from degraded water quality and recommendations on building water management

    Nan WangTeng WangKang NingDanielle Angert...
    104-113页
    查看更多>>摘要:A reduction in building occupancy can lead to stagnant water in plumbing,and the potential conse-quences for water quality have gained increasing attention.To investigate this,a study was conducted during the COV1D-19 pandemic,focusing on water quality in four institutional buildings.Two of these buildings were old(>58 years)and large(>19,000 m2),while the other two were new(>13 years)and small(<11,000 m2).The study revealed significant decreases in water usage in the small buildings,whereas usage remained unchanged in the large buildings.Initial analysis found that residual chlorine was rarely detectable in cold/drinking water samples.Furthermore,the pH,dissolved oxygen,total organic carbon,and total cell count levels in the first draw of cold water samples were similar across all buildings.However,the ranges of heavy metal concentrations in large buildings were greater than observed in small buildings.Copper(Cu),lead(Pb),and manganese(Mn)sporadically exceeded drinking water limits at cold water fixtures,with maximum concentrations of 2.7 mg Cu L-1,45.4 μg Pb L-1,1.9 mg Mn L-1.Flushing the plumbing for 5 min resulted in detectable residual at fixtures in three buildings,but even after 125 min of flushing in largest and oldest building,no residual chlorine was detected at the fixture closest to the building's point of entry.During the pandemic,the building owner conducted fixture flushing,where one to a few fixtures were operated per visit in buildings with hundreds of fixtures and multiple floors.However,further research is needed to understand the fundamental pro-cesses that control faucet water quality from the service line to the faucet.In the absence of this knowledge,building owners should create and use as-built drawings to develop flushing plans and conduct periodic water testing.

    Neighborhood garden's age shapes phyllosphere microbiota associated with respiratory diseases in cold seasons

    Meritxell Romans-CasasLaura Feliu-ParadedaMichele TedescoHubertus V.M.Hamelers...
    114-123页
    查看更多>>摘要:Neighborhood gardens serve as sensitive sites for human microbial encounters,with phyllosphere mi-crobes directly impacting our respiratory health.Yet,our understanding remains limited on how factors like season,garden age,and land use shape the risk of respiratory diseases(RDs)tied to these garden microbes.Here we examined the microbial communities within the phyllosphere of 72 neighborhood gardens across Shanghai,spanning different seasons(warm and cold),garden ages(old and young),and locales(urban and rural).We found a reduced microbial diversity during the cold season,except for Gammaproteobacteria which exhibited an inverse trend.While land use influenced the microbial composition,urban and rural gardens had strikingly similar microbial profiles.Alarmingly,young gar-dens in the cold season hosted a substantial proportion of RDs-associated species,pointing towards increased respiratory inflammation risks.In essence,while newer gardens during colder periods show a decline in microbial diversity,they have an increased presence of RDs-associated microbes,potentially escalating respiratory disease prevalence.This underscores the pivotal role the garden age plays in enhancing both urban microbial diversity and respiratory health.

    Underestimated activity-based microplastic intake under scenario-specific exposures

    Jing-Yan ZhangJie DingLu-Ming LiuRui Wu...
    124-136页
    查看更多>>摘要:Despite increasing alarms over the health impacts of microplastics(MPs)due to their detection in human organs and feces,precise exposure evaluations remain scarce.To comprehend their risks,there is a distinct need to prioritize quantitive estimates in MP exposome,particularly at the environmentally-realistic level.Here we used a method rooted in real-world MP measurements and activity patterns to determine the daily intake of MPs through inhalation and from ground dust/soil ingestion.We found that nearly 80%of this intake comes from residential sectors,with activity intensity and behavioral types significantly affecting the human MP burden.The data showed a peak in MP exposure for those aged 18-64.When compared to dietary MP intake sources like seafood,salt,and water,we identified a previ-ously underestimated exposure from inhalation and dust/soil ingestion,emphasizing the need for more realistic evaluations that incorporate activity factors.This discovery raises questions about the accuracy of past studies and underscores MP's potential health risks.Moreover,our time-based simulations revealed increased MP intake during the COVID-19 lockdown due to more surface dust ingestion,shedding light on how global health crises may inadvertently elevate MP exposure risks.

    Purple acid phosphatase promoted hydrolysis of organophosphate pesticides in microalgae

    Marco ZeppilliHafsa YaqoubiEdoardo Dell'ArmiAgnese Lai...
    137-149页
    查看更多>>摘要:When organophosphate pesticides(OPs)are not used and handled in accordance with the current rules and standards,it results in serious threats to the aquatic environment and human health.Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a prospective microalgae-based system for pollutant removal and carbon sequestration.Genetically engineered P.tricornutum,designated as the OE line(endogenously expressing purple acid phosphatase 1[PAP1]),can utilize organic phosphorus for cellular metabolism.However,the compe-tencies and mechanisms of the microalgae-based system(namely the OE line of P.tricornutum)for metabolizing OPs remain to be addressed.In this study,the OE line exhibited the effective biodegra-dation competencies of 72.12%and 68.2%for 30 mg L-1 of dichlorvos and 50 mg L-1 of glyphosate,accompanied by synergistic accumulations of biomass(0.91 and 0.95 g L-1)and lipids(32.71%and 32.08%),respectively.Furthermore,the biodiesel properties of the lipids from the OE line manifested a high potential as an alternative feedstock for microalgae-based biofuel production.A plausible mecha-nism of OPs biodegraded by overexpressed PAP1 is that sufficient inorganic P for adenosine triphosphate and concurrent carbon flux for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate biosynthesis,which improved the OP tolerance and biodegradation competencies by regulating the antioxidant system,delaying programmed cell death and accumulating lipids via the upregulation of related genes.To sum up,this study demonstrates a potential strategy using a genetically engineered strain of P.tricornutum to remove high concentrations of OPs with the simultaneous production of biomass and biofuels,which might provide novel insights for microalgae-based pollutant biodegradation.

    Large-scale land-sea interactions extend ozone pollution duration in coastal cities along northern China

    Lars-Otto ReiersenKatrin VorkampRoland KallenbornYang Shen...
    150-160页
    查看更多>>摘要:Land-sea atmosphere interaction(LSAI)is one of the important processes affecting ozone(O3)pollution in coastal areas.The effects of small-scale LSAIs like sea-land breezes have been widely studied.However,it is not fully clear how and to what extent the large-scale LSAIs affect O3 pollution.Here we explored an O3 episode to illuminate the role of large-scale LSAIs in O3 pollution over the Bohai-Yellow Seas and adjacent areas through observations and model simulations.The results show that the northern Bohai Sea's coastal region,influenced by the Mongolian High,initially experienced a typical unimodal diurnal O3 variation for three days,when O3 precursors from Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Shandong,and Northeast China were transported to the Bohai-Yellow Seas.Photochemical reactions generated O3 within marine air masses,causing higher O3 levels over the seas than coastal regions.As the Mongolian High shifted eastward and expanded,southerly winds on its western edge transported O3-rich marine air masses toward the coast,prolonging pollution for an additional three days and weakening diurnal variations.Subsequently,emissions from the Korean Peninsula and marine shipping significantly affected O3 levels in the northern Bohai Sea(10.7%and 13.7%,respectively).Notably,Shandong's emissions played a substantial role in both phases(27.5%and 26.1%,respectively).These findings underscore the substantial impact of large-scale LSAIs driven by the Mongolian High on O3 formation and pollution duration in coastal cities.This insight helps understand and manage O3 pollution in northern Bohai Sea cities and broadly applies to temperate coastal cities worldwide.

    Unifying concepts in methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox sludge granulation

    Simon MillsAnna Christine TregoMarco PrevedelloJo De Vrieze...
    163-176页
    查看更多>>摘要:The retention of dense and well-functioning microbial biomass is crucial for effective pollutant removal in several biological wastewater treatment technologies.High solids retention is often achieved through aggregation of microbial communities into dense,spherical aggregates known as granules,which were initially discovered in the 1980s.These granules have since been widely applied in upflow anaerobic digesters for waste-to-energy conversions.Furthermore,granular biomass has been applied in aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)technologies.The mechanisms underpinning the formation of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granules are the subject of ongoing research.Although each granule type has been extensively studied in isolation,there has been a lack of comparative studies among these granulation processes.It is likely that there are some unifying concepts that are shared by all three sludge types.Identifying these unifying concepts could allow a unified theory of granulation to be formed.Here,we review the granulation mechanisms of methanogenic,aerobic,and anammox granular sludge,highlighting several common concepts,such as the role of extracellular polymeric substances,cations,and operational parameters like upflow velocity and shear force.We have then identified some unique features of each granule type,such as different internal structures,microbial compositions,and quorum sensing systems.Finally,we propose that future research should prioritize aspects of microbial ecology,such as community assembly or interspecies interactions in individual granules during their formation and growth.