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科学通报（英文版）
科学通报（英文版）

周光召

旬刊

1001-6538

csb@scichina.com

010-64036120

100717

北京东黄城根北街16号

科学通报（英文版）/Journal Chinese Science BulletinEISCI
查看更多>>《科学通报》创刊于1950年，是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社承办的自然科学综合性学术刊物，报道自然科学各学科基础理论和应用研究方面具有创新性和和高水平的、具有重要意义的最新研究成果，要求文章的可读性强，能在一个比较宽范的学术领域产生深刻的影响。我们的目标是：成为国内外读者了解中国乃至世界范围的自然科学各研究领域最新成果的主要窗口之一。《科学通报》进入了国际上主要检索系统，如CA，EI，日本《科技速报》和美国科学信息研究所（ISI）的以下系统：Science Citation Index(SCI-CDE)，SCISearch，Current Contents(PC&E)和Research Alert。
正式出版
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    Will large-scale forestation lead to a soil water deficit crisis in China's drylands?

    Qiuming WangHongyan LiuBoyi LiangLiang Shi...
    1506-1514页
    查看更多>>摘要：Trading water for carbon has cautioned large-scale afforestation in global drylands.However,model sim-ulations suggested that the consumption of soil water could be partially offset by increasing precipitation due to vegetation feedback.A systematic meta-analysis of long-term and large-scale field observations is urgently required to address the abovementioned limitations,and the implementation of large-scale afforestation since 1978 in northern China provides an ideal example.This study collected data compris-ing 1226 observations from 98 sites in northern China to assess the variation in soil water content(SWC)with stand age after afforestation and discuss the effects of tree species,precipitation and conversions of land use types on SWC.We found that the SWC has been decreased by coniferous forest and broadleaf forest at rates of 0.6 and 3.2 mm decade-1,respectively,since 1978.There is a significant declining trend of SWC with the stand age of plantations,and the optimum growth stage for plantation forest is 0-20 a in northern China.However,we found increases in SWC for the conversion from grassland to forest and in the low-precipitation region,both are corresponding to the increased SWC in coniferous forest.Our study implies that afforestation might lead to a soil water deficit crisis in northern China in the long term at the regional scale but depends on prior land use types,tree taxa and the mean annual precipitation regime,which sheds light on decision-making regarding ecological restoration policies and water resource man-agement in drylands.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Rydberg atom electric field sensing for metrology,communication and hybrid quantum systems

    Hao ZhangYu MaKaiyu LiaoWenguang Yang...
    1515-1535页
    查看更多>>摘要：Rydberg atoms-based electric field sensing has developed rapidly over the past decade.A variety of the-oretical proposals and experiment configurations are suggested and realized to improve the measure-ment metrics,such as intensity sensitivity,bandwidth,phase,and accuracy.The Stark effect and electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)or electromagnetically induced absorption(EIA)are fun-damental physics principles behind the stage.Furthermore,various techniques such as amplitude-or frequency-modulation,optical homodyne read-out,microwave superheterodyne and frequency conver-sion based on multi-wave mixing in atoms are utilized to push the metrics into higher levels.In this review,different technologies and the corresponding metrics they had achieved were presented,hoping to inspire more possibilities in the improvement of metrics of Rydberg atom-based electric field sensing and broadness of application scenarios.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    The power of many brains:Catalyzing neuropsychiatric discovery through open neuroimaging data and large-scale collaboration

    Bin LuXiao ChenFrancisco Xavier CastellanosPaul M.Thompson...
    1536-1555页
    查看更多>>摘要：Recent advances in open neuroimaging data are enhancing our comprehension of neuropsychiatric dis-orders.By pooling images from various cohorts,statistical power has increased,enabling the detection of subtle abnormalities and robust associations,and fostering new research methods.Global collabora-tions in imaging have furthered our knowledge of the neurobiological foundations of brain disorders and aided in imaging-based prediction for more targeted treatment.Large-scale magnetic resonance imaging initiatives are driving innovation in analytics and supporting generalizable psychiatric studies.We also emphasize the significant role of big data in understanding neural mechanisms and in the early identification and precise treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.However,challenges such as data har-monization across different sites,privacy protection,and effective data sharing must be addressed.With proper governance and open science practices,we conclude with a projection of how large-scale imaging resources and collaborations could revolutionize diagnosis,treatment selection,and outcome prediction,contributing to optimal brain health.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Development of new techniques and clinical applications of liquid biopsy in lung cancer management

    Kezhong ChenYue HeWenxiang WangXiaoqiu Yuan...
    1556-1568页
    查看更多>>摘要：Lung cancer is an exceedingly malignant tumor reported as having the highest morbidity and mortality of any cancer worldwide,thus posing a great threat to global health.Despite the growing demand for pre-cision medicine,current methods for early clinical detection,treatment and prognosis monitoring in lung cancer are hampered by certain bottlenecks.Studies have found that during the formation and develop-ment of a tumor,molecular substances carrying tumor-related genetic information can be released into body fluids.Liquid biopsy(LB),a method for detecting these tumor-related markers in body fluids,maybe a way to make progress in these bottlenecks.In recent years,LB technology has undergone rapid advancements.Therefore,this review will provide information on technical updates to LB and its poten-tial clinical applications,evaluate its effectiveness for specific applications,discuss the existing limita-tions of LB,and present a look forward to possible future clinical applications.Specifically,this paper will introduce technical updates from the prospectives of engineering breakthroughs in the detection of membrane-based LB biomarkers and other improvements in sequencing technology.Additionally,it will summarize the latest applications of liquid biopsy for the early detection,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of lung cancer.We will present the interconnectedness of clinical and laboratory issues and the interplay of technology and application in LB today.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Observational evidence and mechanisms of aerosol effects on precipitation

    Chuanfeng ZhaoYue SunJie YangJiefeng Li...
    1569-1580页
    查看更多>>摘要：Aerosols greatly influence precipitation characteristics,thereby impacting the regional climate and human life.As an indispensable factor for cloud formation and a critical radiation budget regulator,aero-sols can affect precipitation intensity,frequency,geographical distribution,area,and time.However,dis-crepancies exist among current studies due to aerosol properties,precipitation types,the vertical location of aerosols and meteorological conditions.The development of technology has driven advances in current research,but understanding the aerosol effects on precipitation remain complex and challenging.This paper revolves around the following topics from the two perspectives of Aerosol-Radiation Interaction(ARI)and Aerosol-Cloud Interaction(ACI):(1)the influence of different vertical locations of absorbing/scattering aerosols on the atmospheric thermal structure;(2)the fundamental theories of ARI reducing surface wind speed,redistributing water vapour and energy,and then modulating precipitation intensity;(3)different aerosol types(absorbing versus scattering)and aerosol concentrations causing different pre-cipitation diurnal and weekly variations;(4)microphysical processes(cloud water competition,invigo-ration effect,and evaporation cooling)and observational evidence of different effects of aerosols on precipitation intensity,including enhancing,inhibiting,and transitional effects from enhancement to suppression;and(5)how meteorology,water vapor and dynamics influencing the effect of ACI and ARI on precipitation.In addition,this review lists the existing issues and future research directions for attaining a more comprehensive understanding of aerosol effects on precipitation.Overall,this review advances our understanding of aerosol effects on precipitation and could guide the improvement of weather and climate models to predict complex aerosol-precipitation interactions more accurately.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据