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热科学学报（英文版）
中国科学院工程热物理研究所
热科学学报（英文版）

中国科学院工程热物理研究所

双月

1003-2169

rkxxb@iet.cn

010-82545967

100190

北京市北四环西路11号

热科学学报（英文版）/Journal Journal of Thermal ScienceCSCDEISCI
查看更多>>《热科学杂志》创刊于1992年，是一本国际性的多学科的能源工程和研究期刊，由中国科学院工程热物理研究所，施普林格出版社和科学出版社共同出版，被SCI和EI收录。该杂志旨在为国际最新科技成果和知识交流建立国际平台，并促进学科发展。
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    Impact of Startup Strategy and Buffer Tank Volume on the Compressor Inlet State for a 3-MW sCO2 Brayton Cycle

    ZHAO DecaiWANG Bo
    159-175页
    查看更多>>摘要：The supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO2)Brayton cycle system has become an emerging and highly promising method of thermal power conversion due to its efficiency advantage,system compactness,and excellent adaptability of the heat sources.For the low carbon sCO2 Brayton cycle testbed with cycle output power approaching 3 MW,a relatively detailed dynamic simulation model of the entire system is constructed to explore the dynamic response characteristics of the system with different startup strategies and different buffer tank volumes during the startup process.The simulation results indicate that the smaller the volume of the buffer tank,the more rapid and obvious the parameter fluctuation in the buffer tank during the startup.Assuming the allowable relative deviation limit of density is 5％,then the ratio of the buffer tank volume to the volume of the entire closed loop should not be lower than 36.80％.The strategy of simultaneous temperature and speed increase during turbine bypass start can effectively reduce the fluctuation of compressor inlet parameters and reach the steady-state more quickly.This paper provides the recommended matching table for the opening of the turbine bypass valve(TBV)and the main regulating valve(MGV)to reduce the parameter fluctuation during the bypass switching.The effectiveness of the proposed turbine bypass and bypass switching startup strategy is verified by simulation,which may be used as a reference for test bench's future debugging and operation.
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    Experimental Research on a Feasible Building Insulation Material Based Reed in China

    LIU TiantianPENG YizheLIU LifangCAI Chenghan...
    176-187页
    查看更多>>摘要：The seemingly useless reeds are prepared as thermal insulation materials,which not only meet the requirements of environmental sustainability but also enhance the added value of reeds,creating new economic benefits.The hydrophobicity of raw biomass surfaces leads to problems such as weak bonding strength and non-dense structure in the formed materials,as well as issues related to the residual insect infestations on the surface.In this study,reed straw was used as the raw material,and foamed geopolymer was used as the binder to prepare building insulation materials based reed,To improve the interfacial adhesion performance between reed straw and foamed geopolymer,a thermochemical modification method-thermal carbonization,was proposed.In this study,the mechanical properties and hydraulic properties of the studied materials with different degrees of surface thermal modification were tested,especially the fire resistance performance,and weathering resistance performance rarely found in published literature.When the surface thermal modification condition of reed straw was 250℃(30 min),the comprehensive performance of reed-based building insulation materials was the best,when the studied material density was 321.3 kg/m3;the compressive strength was 0.59 MPa;the thermal conductivity was 0.101 W/(m·K);the pH was 11.27;the moisture absorption rate was 25.1％,and the compressive strength loss rate in wet-dry cycles was 18.5％.In addition,it had excellent fire resistance performance and weathering resistance performance.This new material can be widely used to improve the thermal insulation of traditional buildings and as sandwich filler in prefabricated buildings,such as preparing insulating walls.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Performance Analysis of a Coupled System based on Organic Rankine Cycle and Double Effect Absorption Refrigeration for Waste Heat Recovery in Data Center

    LI PengXU JiaqiWANG BinbinLIU Jianyang...
    188-205页
    查看更多>>摘要：During data center operation,it generates a significant volume of low-grade waste heat.To recover waste heat,a coupled system including solar collector,double effect absorption refrigeration and organic Rankine cycle is proposed.The system performance is analyzed in detail.For the organic Rankine cycle,five organic working fluids(R245fa,R245ca,R123,R11,and R113)are selected.R245fa,R113 and R245ca obtain the maximum net power output,thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency,respectively.In the double effect absorption refrigeration system,the evaporation temperature,condensation temperature,and generation pressure affect the COP and exergy efficiency.When the generator pressure is unchanged,the COP increases with increasing evaporation temperature and decreasing condensation temperature.When the COP reaches 1.3,the COP slightly decreases as the evaporation temperature or condensation temperature changes.Similarly,the exergy efficiency of refrigeration systems exhibits the same trend as the COP,and the exergy efficiency maximum value appears at approximately 0.32.Anew performance indicator,rPUE,was defined to evaluate the data center power utilization efficiency.The flow distribution ratio and heat source temperature were optimized with multi-objective optimization.When the mass flow distribution rate is 0.6 and the heat source temperature is 441.5 K,rPUE and the total unit production costs of the system obtain the optimal solution.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Si-C Foam Porous-Medium Combustion Power-Generation System for Low-Calorific-Value Biomass Syngas

    YANG JianwenCHEN WeiCAO BingweiLIU Xinhui...
    206-222页
    查看更多>>摘要：Syngas produced from the gasification of organic feedstocks from biomass is one of the clean and sustainable sources of energy.The advantages of simple access and renewability of biomass energy can meet the energy needs of temporary power supply.This study presents a biomass power-generation system for vehicular applications.Using biomass and a free-piston Stirling engine generator(FPSEG)as the primary material and prime mover,respectively,biomass energy is converted into electricity by combusting the syngas to heat the FPSEG Matching and key parameter design for biomass gasification and thermoelectric conversion systems within a power generation system were performed.A porous medium area was constructed using Si-C foam ceramics to obtain an energy-conversion experimental platform.The effects of bed height,porosity,porous-region diameter,and air-intake conditions on the power-generation performance were investigated,and optimisations were performed for the thermoelectric conversion system.The rate of increase during FPSEG power generation first increased and then decreased with increasing bed height,peaking at a bed height of 40 mm.An increasing porous-region diameter accelerated FPSEG power generation,whereas porosity changes in the porous media did not significantly affect the rate of change during FPSEG power generation.With increasing air intake,the rate of increase during power generation first increased and then decreased.The maximum change rate and the highest thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the power-generation system occurred at 9.5 m3/h and 6.5 m3/h(-45.1％)air intakes,respectively.Optimising the thermal inertia and combustion structure of the thermoelectric conversion system significantly increased the power-generation rate of the system,with 1.8 W/s being observed at a 9.7 m3/h air intake.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Melting Evaluation of Phase Change Materials Impregnated into Cascaded Metal Foams with Regionalized Enhancement

    WEI XinyiZHANG NanZHANG ZhaoliCAO Xiaoling...
    223-241页
    查看更多>>摘要：Metal foam promotes the heat transfer of phase change materials(PCMs)in the penalty of reducing the energy storage density of the composite PCMs.In this work,the effects of constant porosity(0.96,0.94,0.92,or 0.90)and pore density(PPI)of metal foam on heat transfer of composite PCMs are studied.Melting rate could be enhanced by employing with low porosity copper foam.Furthermore,aiming to the right bottom phase changing"dead region",a regionalized enhancement strategy of cascaded metal foams is introduced.The dynamic melting performances of all the composite PCMs are comprehensively analyzed.The results reveal that the cascaded configuration is beneficial for optimization.Details show that the horizontal strategy enhances melting performance:a maximum of 17.98％reduction in total melting time could be reached when the rear part porosity is 90％.The energy storage density rate could be raised by 5.48％.Besides,the vertical strategy performs with a better average temperature uniformity of 0.441 and brings a lower temperature in the heated wall.To sum up,the regionalized enhancement of copper foam provides better performance in the phase change process.It shows significant potential for solar heat storage and thermal protection.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
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    Experimental Study on Energy Storage Characteristics of Sintered Ore Particle Packed Beds

    LAI ZhenyaDING LiweiLYU HongkunHOU Chenglong...
    242-253页
    查看更多>>摘要：The particle packed bed energy storage system has advantages such as low costs and wide temperature ranges,which can be combined with solar thermal power generation systems to solve the inherent volatility and discontinuity of renewable energy.Developing new materials with low costs and excellent storage performances is one of the eternal research hotspots in the field of energy storage.This paper innovatively uses sintered ore particles as energy storage material and studies the effect of particle size on the airflow resistance characteristics,energy storage characteristics,and thermocline evolution characteristics of the packed bed through thermal energy storage experiments.The results indicate that for the particles in the macro scale,the smaller the particle,the lower the absolute permeability of the bed and the greater the airflow resistance.The packed bed with smaller particles has a larger specific surface area,larger bulk mass,and smaller bed voidage.Therefore,the packed beds with smaller particles have better thermocline characteristics,less irreversible loss,and can achieve higher thermal efficiency and higher exergy efficiency in the heat storage cycle.The cycle thermal efficiency in packed beds with 25-40 mm,16-25 mm,and 10-16 mm particles is 53.58％,56.27％,and 57.60％,respectively,and the cycle exergy efficiency is 61.81％,69.25％,and 74.13％,respectively.Moreover,this paper also studies the effect of discharging airflow rates on thermal storage performance.The experimental results indicate that suitable discharging strategies should be selected based on different heat demands.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Experimental Study for Effect of Multi-Site Spark Ignition on Dedicated Hybrid Engine Performance under High Dilution Condition

    YAN BowenWATERS BenjaminHAINES AndrewMCGHEE Mike...
    254-267页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study,a triple spark ignition scheme was first designed on a three-cylinder 1.5-L dedicated hybrid engine(DHE).On this basis,the effect of different ignition modes on engine combustion and emission characteristics was studied,especially under high dilution condition.The results tested at 2000 r/min and 0.8 MPa BMEP(brake mean effective pressure)show that with highly increased in-cylinder flow intensity,using only passive prechamber(PPC)has a lower lean limit than that with single central spark plug(CSP),thereby leading to slightly higher minimum fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides(NOx)emissions.Adding side spark plugs(SSP)based on PPC can result in improved capability of lean limit extension and engine performance than CSP.However,the improvement level is lower than that with triple spark plugs(TSP).As the excess air ratio λincreases,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in improving the combustion phasing compared with CSP gradually weakens.Correspondingly,the increasing tendency of their ignition delay and combustion duration is more obvious.The added SSP based on PPC can effectively shorten the ignition delay of leaner mixture,but the combustion duration can be only slightly improved.As a result,under extremely lean condition,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in terms of combustion characteristics over CSP becomes much smaller.In contrast,the TSP ignition can achieve much shorter ignition delay and combustion duration simultaneously under this condition.Due to the highest available dilution level,the TSP ignition achieves the lowest raw NOx emissions.Moreover,it can also reduce the raw carbon monoxide(CO)and hydrocarbons(HC)emissions compared to CSP due to a more thorough combustion of the end gas mixture.Based on the excellent performance of TSP,the highest engine brake thermal efficiency(BTE)was further explored.The results show that with normal RON 92 fuel,the engine finally achieved 43.69％and 45.02％BTE under stochiometric mode with exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)and lean-bum mode respectively.When using RON 100 fuel,the highest BTE was further increased to 45.63％under lean-bum mode.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Experimental Study on Geometry Characteristics of Turbulent Premixed Flames for Natural Gas/Air Mixtures

    ZHENG WeilinWANG QijiaoXIAO HuahuaCHEN Xiaoxiao...
    268-282页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study,focusing on the geometry characteristics of spherical expanding flame,the turbulent premixed flames of natural gas/air mixtures were investigated in a fan-stirred turbulent combustor.The effects of initial temperature(T=300-400 K),initial pressure(P=0.1-0.3 MPa),turbulence intensity(u'=1.0-2.7 m/s),oxygen volumetric percentage(φ(O2)=15％-21％)and carbon dioxide volumetric percentage(φ(CO2)=0-20％)were delved into.The flame profile under the Cartesian coordinate system was derived from the schlieren images taken by the high-speed camera.Besides,from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives,the influence of experimental conditions on the flame geometry characteristics was explored through flame front extraction,wavelet decomposition and network topology.The results demonstrate that for significant flame wrinkling,changes in species concentrations and turbulence intensity have more pronounced effects on the flame wrinkling ratio.The wrinkling of the flame front maintains a certain degree of similarity,as evidenced by the locally concentrated distribution of the angles of the maximum fluctuation radius.The disturbance energy under large-scale(D6-D8)disturbances exhibits relatively high values with a similar trend,exerting a significant impact on the geometry characteristics of the flame front.The peaks of correlation degree are scattered either with the decomposition scale or the development of flame radius,indicating no linear correlation between different detail components.Furthermore,the probability distribution of node degrees in key wrinkled regions exhibits different trends with that of large-scale wrinkling and disturbance energy,especially with changes in initial pressure.This occurs because the number of key wrinkles varies based on the perturbation's strength or the region's span.Consequently,an increase in the fluctuation frequency of the flame's local radius may not necessarily lead to an increase in the number of key folded regions.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient Engine Performance

    Veeranna MODIPrasad B.RAMPURESunil Kumar SHETTYMadeva NAGARAL...
    283-302页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel engine.The dispersion of Al2O3 nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of ultrasonicator.Good number of blends were prepared for the analysis.Advanced Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest(RF)and CatBoost)was used for the prediction.The results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel blends with nanoparticles.But these Fuel blends have higher calorific values.These blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption(BSFC)of 2.85％than the blends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel 20％+Neat Diesel 80％(in volume),DSMEB20),57.14％less CO,40.8％less hydrocarbon,and increased NOx emissions compared to conventional diesel,contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with nanoparticles.DSME B20NP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission characteristics.The study concludes with findings on enhanced Brake Thermal Efficiency(BTE)of 26.29％in 3×10-5(in volume)Al2O3 nanoparticle-blended DSME B20 and other DSME B20 fuel blends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle concentration.The correlation matrix shows how engine load,efficiency measures(BTE,BSFC),and emissions(CO,CO2,NOx,Smoke)are connected in complex ways.The results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics better.Taylor's diagram for BTE and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTE models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing phase.Similar results were obtained for CO and CO2 emission results.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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    Experimental Study on Diesel Spray and Flame Asymmetry Characteristics of Dual-Orifice Nozzles for a Medium-Speed Engine

    JU DehaoLIU RuiZHENG LiangDENG Jiahui...
    303-322页
    查看更多>>摘要：The asymmetry of the multi-orifice spray will cause uneven heat load of the marine diesel engine,thereby affecting its working performance and service life.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of the spray and flame characteristics of multi-orifice nozzles will guide the optimization of the nozzle structure,needle design and diesel atomization and combustion process.For this reason,four groups of dual-orifice nozzles with different hole diameters(0.1-0.55 mm)and mass flow rates covering the typical marine medium-speed diesel injections are designed and customized,and the constant volume chamber(CVC)with high temperature and pressure is used to simulate the actual in-cylinder working conditions of the diesel engine for the spray visualization experiment.To study the asymmetry of the fuel sprays discharged from a diesel injector,the multi-orifice nozzle is simplified as a dual-orifice nozzle in this study.Combined with X-ray Computed Tomography(CT)imaging technology,the influences of the nozzle internal structure on the spray and flame asymmetry are studied in the constructed supercritical environment.It is found that the asymmetry of the inlet angle and the equivalent length-diameter ratio is positively correlated with the inconsistency of the dual sprays.With an increase in the injection pressure and nozzle diameter,the asymmetry of the dual spray becomes more pronounced,resulting in greater disparities in the ignition delay times and ignition positions of the two sprays.Moreover,the increase in nozzle diameter also leads to combustion instability,resulting in a flame with a serrated appearance.With the increase of ambient temperature,the proportion of liquid phase in the jet decreases and the relative density of spray front decreases.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
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