查看更多>>摘要：Nanomaterials-based artificial enzymes(nanozymes)with valuable enzyme-like catalytic properties have been booming during the past few years.Promoted by the advances in biological medicine and nanotechnology,nanozymes possess the potential to serve as an emerging agent for biosensing,im-munoassays,detection and diagnosis,catalytic therapeutics,and other applications in the biomedicine field.Two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials are of considerable interest in biomedical applications due to their ultrathin layered structure and unique physiochemical properties.Inspired by the diversified catalytic performance of 2D nanomaterials,scientists extensively have developed 2D materials as bio-active nanozymes for theranostic nanomedicine.Here,recent advances in enzyme-like 2D nanomateri-als design and construction are comprehensively presented.Additionally,we exhibit that,with the syn-ergistic effect of catalytic activities and desirable physicochemical performances,2D nanozymes can serve as versatile platforms with extensive applications from target detection to in vivo theranostic.It is believed that such promising alternatives towards natural enzymes will be of vital significance in the field of nanotechnology and biomedicine.
查看更多>>摘要：Nanomaterials-based artificial enzymes(nanozymes)with valuable enzyme-like catalytic properties have been booming during the past few years.Promoted by the advances in biological medicine and nanotechnology,nanozymes possess the potential to serve as an emerging agent for biosensing,im-munoassays,detection and diagnosis,catalytic therapeutics,and other applications in the biomedicine field.Two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials are of considerable interest in biomedical applications due to their ultrathin layered structure and unique physiochemical properties.Inspired by the diversified catalytic performance of 2D nanomaterials,scientists extensively have developed 2D materials as bio-active nanozymes for theranostic nanomedicine.Here,recent advances in enzyme-like 2D nanomateri-als design and construction are comprehensively presented.Additionally,we exhibit that,with the syn-ergistic effect of catalytic activities and desirable physicochemical performances,2D nanozymes can serve as versatile platforms with extensive applications from target detection to in vivo theranostic.It is believed that such promising alternatives towards natural enzymes will be of vital significance in the field of nanotechnology and biomedicine.
查看更多>>摘要：Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are integral components of the innate immune defence system of all complex organisms including plants,insects,and mammals.They have wide range of antibacterial,anti-fungal,antiviral,and even anticancer activities,therefore AMPs are attractive candidates for develop-ing novel therapeutic approaches.Cationic α-helical membrane disrupting peptides are perhaps the most widely studied subclass of AMPs due to their common fundamental characteristics that allow for detailed structure-function analysis and therefore offer a promising solution to the threat of multidrug resistant strains of bacteria.The majority of the studies of AMP activity focused on the biological and biophysical aspects of membrane disruption;the understanding of the molecular mechanism of action from the physicochemical point of view forms a relatively small subfield.This review will provide an overview of these works,focusing on the empirical and thermodynamic models of AMP action.
查看更多>>摘要：Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are integral components of the innate immune defence system of all complex organisms including plants,insects,and mammals.They have wide range of antibacterial,anti-fungal,antiviral,and even anticancer activities,therefore AMPs are attractive candidates for develop-ing novel therapeutic approaches.Cationic α-helical membrane disrupting peptides are perhaps the most widely studied subclass of AMPs due to their common fundamental characteristics that allow for detailed structure-function analysis and therefore offer a promising solution to the threat of multidrug resistant strains of bacteria.The majority of the studies of AMP activity focused on the biological and biophysical aspects of membrane disruption;the understanding of the molecular mechanism of action from the physicochemical point of view forms a relatively small subfield.This review will provide an overview of these works,focusing on the empirical and thermodynamic models of AMP action.
查看更多>>摘要：Breast cancer ranks second in the list of most common cancers among women and brings the double burden of economy and health to women.Therefore,it is an urgent and necessary task to study the pathogenic mechanism and the treatment of breast cancer.Glycoprotein hormone is a kind of hor-mones to promote the growth and the development of cell and stanniocalcin 2(STC2)is one of them.Research has shown us a various expression of SCT2 in organs and tissues and it can regulate many dif-ferent pathological and physiological processes.In addition,there are a lot of previous studies that in-dicated a close correlation between STC2 and the development and metastasis of many cancers,which infers STC2 can serve as biomarker of certain cancers.Until now,the effects of STC2 on breast cancer have been studied widely,but research findings demonstrated two different views,one view is that STC2 plays an oncogenic role and the other is the opposite.In this paper,it will summarize and evalu-ate the research data and results about mammalian STC2 on breast cancer.
查看更多>>摘要：Breast cancer ranks second in the list of most common cancers among women and brings the double burden of economy and health to women.Therefore,it is an urgent and necessary task to study the pathogenic mechanism and the treatment of breast cancer.Glycoprotein hormone is a kind of hor-mones to promote the growth and the development of cell and stanniocalcin 2(STC2)is one of them.Research has shown us a various expression of SCT2 in organs and tissues and it can regulate many dif-ferent pathological and physiological processes.In addition,there are a lot of previous studies that in-dicated a close correlation between STC2 and the development and metastasis of many cancers,which infers STC2 can serve as biomarker of certain cancers.Until now,the effects of STC2 on breast cancer have been studied widely,but research findings demonstrated two different views,one view is that STC2 plays an oncogenic role and the other is the opposite.In this paper,it will summarize and evalu-ate the research data and results about mammalian STC2 on breast cancer.
查看更多>>摘要：Interleukin 6(IL-6)is a cytokine with dual functions of pro-inflammation and anti-inflammation.It is mainly produced by mononuclear macrophages,Th2 cells,vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts.IL-6 binds to glycoprotein 130 and one of these two receptors,membrane-bound IL-6R or soluble IL-6R,forming hexamer(IL-6/IL-6R/gp130),which then activates different signaling pathways(classical pathway,trans-signaling pathway)to exert dual immune-modulatory effects of anti-inflammation or pro-inflammation.Abnormal levels of IL-6 can cause multiple pathological reactions,including cy-tokine storm.Related clinical studies have found that IL-6 levels in severe COVID-19 patients were much higher than in healthy population.A large number of studies have shown that IL-6 can trigger a downstream cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19,resulting in lung damages,aggravating clinical symptoms and developing excessive inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 or IL-6R,such as tocilizumab,sarilumab,siltuximab and olokizu-mab may serve as therapeutic options for COVID-19 infection.
查看更多>>摘要：Interleukin 6(IL-6)is a cytokine with dual functions of pro-inflammation and anti-inflammation.It is mainly produced by mononuclear macrophages,Th2 cells,vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts.IL-6 binds to glycoprotein 130 and one of these two receptors,membrane-bound IL-6R or soluble IL-6R,forming hexamer(IL-6/IL-6R/gp130),which then activates different signaling pathways(classical pathway,trans-signaling pathway)to exert dual immune-modulatory effects of anti-inflammation or pro-inflammation.Abnormal levels of IL-6 can cause multiple pathological reactions,including cy-tokine storm.Related clinical studies have found that IL-6 levels in severe COVID-19 patients were much higher than in healthy population.A large number of studies have shown that IL-6 can trigger a downstream cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19,resulting in lung damages,aggravating clinical symptoms and developing excessive inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 or IL-6R,such as tocilizumab,sarilumab,siltuximab and olokizu-mab may serve as therapeutic options for COVID-19 infection.
查看更多>>摘要：High-throughput proteomics based on mass spectrometry(MS)analysis has permeated biomedical sci-ence and propelled numerous research projects.pFind 3 is a database search engine for high-speed and in-depth proteomics data analysis.pFind 3 features a swift open search workflow that is adept at un-covering less obvious information such as unexpected modifications or mutations that would have gone unnoticed using a conventional data analysis pipeline.In this protocol,we provide step-by-step instructions to help users mastering various types of data analysis using pFind 3 in conjunction with pParse for data pre-processing and if needed,pQuant for quantitation.This streamlined pParse-pFind-pQuant workflow offers exceptional sensitivity,precision,and speed.It can be easily implemented in any laboratory in need of identifying peptides,proteins,or post-translational modifications,or of quantitation based on 15N-labeling,SILAC-labeling,or TMT/iTRAQ labeling.
查看更多>>摘要：High-throughput proteomics based on mass spectrometry(MS)analysis has permeated biomedical sci-ence and propelled numerous research projects.pFind 3 is a database search engine for high-speed and in-depth proteomics data analysis.pFind 3 features a swift open search workflow that is adept at un-covering less obvious information such as unexpected modifications or mutations that would have gone unnoticed using a conventional data analysis pipeline.In this protocol,we provide step-by-step instructions to help users mastering various types of data analysis using pFind 3 in conjunction with pParse for data pre-processing and if needed,pQuant for quantitation.This streamlined pParse-pFind-pQuant workflow offers exceptional sensitivity,precision,and speed.It can be easily implemented in any laboratory in need of identifying peptides,proteins,or post-translational modifications,or of quantitation based on 15N-labeling,SILAC-labeling,or TMT/iTRAQ labeling.
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