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世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）
世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）

潘伯荣

周刊

1007-9327

wjg@wjgnet.com

010-85381901-628

100025

北京市朝阳区东四环中路62号楼远洋国际中心D座903室

世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）/Journal World Journal of GastroenterologyCSCDCSTPCDSCI
查看更多>>主要报道和刊登国内外、特别是我国消化病学者具有创造性的、有较高学术水平的基础和临床研究论文、研究快报等. 对具有中国特色的研究论文, 如食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、大肠癌、病毒性肝炎、幽门螺杆菌、中医中药、中西医结合和基于作者自己研究工作为主的综述性论文, 将优先发表. 读者对象为基础研究或临床研究的消化专业工作者。
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    MicroRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease-pathogenesis,diagnostics and therapeutics

    Mehmet CoskunJacob Tveiten BjerrumJakob Benedict SeidelinOle Haagen Nielsen...
    4629-4634页
    查看更多>>摘要：The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)is complex and largely unknown.Until recently,research has focused on the study of protein regulators in inflammation to reveal the cellular and molecular networks in the pathogenesis of IBD.However,in the last few years,new and promising insights have been generated from studies describing an association between an altered expression of a specific class of non-coding RNAs,called microRNAs (miRs or miRNAs) and IBD.The short (approximately 22 nucleotides),endogenous,single-stranded RNAs are evolutionary conserved in animals and plants,and regulate specific target mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level.MiRNAs are involved in several biological processes,including development,cell differentiation,proliferation and apoptosis.Furthermore,it is estimated that miRNAs may be responsible for regulating the expression of nearly one-third of the genes in the human genome.Thus,miRNA deregulation often results in an impaired cellular function,and a disturbance of downstream gene regulation and signaling cascades,suggesting their implication in disease etiology.Despite the identification of more than 1900 mature human miRNAs,very little is known about their biological functions and functional targets.Recent studies have identified dysregulated miRNAs in tissue samples of IBD patients and have demonstrated similar differences in circulating miRNAs in the serum of IBD patients.Thus,there is great promise that miRNAs will aid in the early diagnosis of IBD,and in the development of personalized therapies.Here,we provide a short review of the current state-of-the-art of miRNAs in IBD pathogenesis,diagnostics and therapeutics.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography pancreatitis: Is time for a new preventive approach?

    Stella TammaroRoberta CarusoFrancesco PalloneGiovanni Monteleone...
    4635-4638页
    查看更多>>摘要：Acute pancreatitis is the most common serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) and its incidence may exceed 25％ in some high-risk patient subsets.In some patients,pancreatitis may follow a severe course with pancreatic necrosis,multiorgan failure,permanent disability and even death.Hence,approaches which minimize both the incidence and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis are worth pursuing.Pancreatic stents have been used with some success in the prevention of post-ERCP,while so far pharmacological trials have yielded disappointing results.A recent multicenter,randomized,placebocontrolled,double-blind trial has shown that rectally administered indomethacin is effective in reducing the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis,the occurrence of episodes of moderate-to-severe pancreatitis and the length of hospital stay in high-risk patients.These results together with the demonstration that rectal administration of indomethacin is not associated with enhanced risk of bleeding strongly support the use of this drug in the prophylaxis of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Mirizzi syndrome: History, current knowledge and proposal of a simplified classification

    Marcelo A Beltrán
    4639-4650页
    查看更多>>摘要：Chronic complications of symptomatic gallstone disease,such as Mirizzi syndrome,are rare in Western developed countries with an incidence of less than 1％ a year.The importance and implications of this condition are related to their associated and potentially serious surgical complications such as bile duct injury,and to its modern management when encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The pathophysiological process leading to the subtypes of Mirizzi syndrome has been explained by means of a pressure ulcer caused by an impacted gallstone at the gallbladder infundibulum,leading to an inflammatory response causing first external obstruction of the bile duct,and eventually eroding into the bile duct and evolving to a cholecystocholedochal or cholecystohepatic fistula.This article reviews the life of Pablo Luis Mirizzi,describes the earlier and later descriptions of Mirizzi syndrome,discusses the pathophysiological process leading to the development of these uncommon fistulas,reviews the current diagnostic modalities and surgical approaches and finally proposes a simplified classification for Mirizzi syndrome intended to standardize the reports on this condition and to eventually develop a consensual surgical approach to this unexpected and seriously dangerous condition.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Interactions between hepatic iron and lipid metabolism with possible relevance to steatohepatitis

    Umbreen AhmedPatricia S LathamPhillip S Oates
    4651-4658页
    查看更多>>摘要：The liver is an important site for iron and lipid metabolism and the main site for the interactions between these two metabolic pathways.Although conflicting results have been obtained,most studies support the hypothesis that iron plays a role in hepatic lipogenesis.Iron is an integral part of some enzymes and transporters involved in lipid metabolism and,as such,may exert a direct effect on hepatic lipid load,intrahepatic metabolic pathways and hepatic lipid secretion.On the other hand,iron in its ferrous form may indirectly affect lipid metabolism through its ability to induce oxidative stress and inflammation,a hypothesis which is currently the focus of much research in the field of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH).The present review will first discuss how iron might directly interact with the metabolism of hepatic lipids and then consider a new perspective on the way in which iron may have a role in the two hit hypothesis for the progression of NAFLD via ferroportin and the iron regulatory molecule hepcidin.The review concludes that iron has important interactions with lipid metabolism in the liver that can impact on the development of NAFLD/NASH.More defined studies are required to improve our understanding of these effects.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Diagnostic endoscopic ultrasonography: Assessment of safety and prevention of complications

    Christian JenssenMaria Victoria Alvarez-SánchezBertrand NapoléonSiegbert Faiss...
    4659-4676页
    查看更多>>摘要：Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has gained wide acceptance as an important,minimally invasive diagnostic tool in gastroenterology,pulmonology,visceral surgery and oncology.This review focuses on data regarding risks and complications of non-interventional diagnostic EUS and EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUSFNB).Measures to improve the safety of EUS und EUSFNB will be discussed.Due to the specific mechanical properties of echoendoscopes in EUS,there is a low but noteworthy risk of perforation.To minimize this risk,endoscopists should be familiar with the specific features of their equipment and their patients' specific anatomical situations (e.g.,tumor stenosis,diverticula).Most diagnostic EUS complications occur during EUSFNB.Pain,acute pancreatitis,infection and bleeding are the primary adverse effects,occurring in 1％ to 2％ of patients.Only a few cases of needle tract seeding and peritoneal dissemination have been reported.The mortality associated with EUS and EUS-FNB is 0.02％.The risks associated with EUS-FNB are affected by endoscopist experience and target lesion.EUS-FNB of cystic lesions is associated with an increased risk of infection and hemorrhage.Peri-interventional antibiotics are recommended to prevent cyst infection.Adequate education and training,as well consideration of contraindications,are essential to minimize the risks of EUS and EUS-FNB.Restricting EUS-FNB only to patients in whom the cytopathological results may be expected to change the course of management is the best way of reducing the number of complications.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Hepatitis B in pregnancy

    Guglielmo BorgiaMaria Aurora CarleoGiovanni Battista GaetaIvan Gentile...
    4677-4683页
    查看更多>>摘要：Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects about 350 million individuals worldwide.Management of HBV infection in pregnancy is difficult because of several peculiar and somewhat controversial aspects.The aim of the present review is to provide a tool that may help physicians to correctly manage HBV infection in pregnancy.This review focuses on (1) the effect of pregnancy on HBV infection and of HBV infection on pregnancy; (2) the potential viral transmission from mother to newborn despite at-birth prophylaxis with immunoglobulin and vaccine; (3) possible prevention of mother-to-child transmission through antiviral drugs,the type of antiviral drug to use considering their efficacy and potential teratogenic effect,and the timing of their administration and discontinuation; and (4) the evidence for the use of elective caesarean section vs vaginal delivery and the possibility of breastfeeding.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Gastro protective properties of the novel prostone SPI-8811 against acid-injured porcine mucosa

    Meghali NighotAdam MoeserRyuji UenoAnthony Blikslager...
    4684-4692页
    查看更多>>摘要：AIM:To evaluate the protective properties of novel prostone CIC-2 agonist SPI-8811 in porcine model of gastric acid injury.METHODS:Porcine gastric mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and injured by bathing mucosal tissues in an HCl Ringer's solution (pH =1.5) with or without SP1-8811 (1 μmol/L),cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitor (inhibitor 172,10 μmol/L,apical) and CIC-2 inhibitor ZnCl2,300 μmol/L,apical),on the apical surface of tissues.Transepithelial resistance and mucosal-to-serosal 3H-mannitol fluxes were measured over a 90-min period.Tissues were analyzed by morph metric techniques,Immunofluorescence and by western blots.RESULTS:Compared with control tissues,acid exposure decreased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER)and increased 3H-mannitol flux.Pretreatment of gastric mucosa with SPI-8811 was protective against acidinduced decreases in TER (TER,50 Ω.cm2 vs 100 Ω'cm2)and abolished increases in flux (3H-mannitol flux,0.10 μmol/L.cm2 vs 0.04 μmol/L.cm2).Evidence of histological damage in the presence of acid was markedly attenuated by SPI-0811.Immunofluorescence and western analysis for occludin revealed enhanced localization to the region of the tight junction (TJ) after treatment with SPI-8811.Pretreatment with the CIC-2 inhibitor ZnCl2,but not the selective CFTR inhibitor 172,attenuated SPI-8811-mediated mucosal protection,suggesting a role for CIC-2.Prostone may serve both protective and reparative roles in injured tissues.CONCLUSION:CIC-2 agonist SPI-8811 stimulated enhancement of mucosal barrier function by protecting TJ protein occludin in porcine gastric mucosa and thus protected the gastric acid injury in porcine stomach.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Expression of the P2X2 receptor in different classes of ileum myenteric neurons in the female obese ob/ob mouse

    Márcia Sanae MizunoAmanda Rabello CrismaPrimavera BorelliPatricia Castelucci...
    4693-4703页
    查看更多>>摘要：AIM:To examine whether the ob/ob mouse model of obesity is accompanied by enteric nervous system abnormalities such as altered motility.METHODS:The study examined the distribution of the P2X2 receptor (P2X2R) in myenteric neurons of female ob/ob mice.Specifically,we used immunohistochemistry to analyze the co-expression of the P2X2R with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS),choline acetyltransferase (ChAT),and calretinin (CalR) in neurons of the small intestine myenteric plexus in ob/ob and control female mice.In these sections,we used scanning confocal microscopy to analyze the co-localization of these markers as well as the neuronal density (cm2) and area profile (μm2) of P2X2R-positive neurons.In addition,enteric neurons were labeled using the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) diaphorase method and analyzed with light microscopy as an alternate means by which to analyze neuronal density and area.RESULTS:In the present study,we observed a 29.6％ increase in the body weight of the ob/ob animals (OG)compared to the control group (CG).In addition,the average small intestine area was increased by approximately 29.6％ in the OG compared to the CG.Immunoreactivity (IR) for the P2X2R,nNOS,ChAT and CalR was detectable in the myenteric plexus,as well as in the smooth muscle,in both groups.This IR appeared to be mainly cytoplasmic and was also associated with the cell membrane of the myenteric plexus neurons,where it outlined the neuronal cell bodies and their processes.P2X2R-IR was observed to co-localize 100％ with that for nNOS,ChAT and CalR in neurons of both groups.In the ob/ob group,however,we observed that the neuronal density (neuron/cm2) of P2X2R-IR cells was increased by 62％ compared to CG,while that of NOS-IR and ChAT-IR neurons was reduced by 49％ and 57％,respectively,compared to control mice.The neuronal density of CalR-IR neurons was not different between the groups.Morphometric studies further demonstrated that the cell body profile area (μm2) of nNOS-IR,ChAT-IR and CalR-IR neurons was increased by 34％,20％and 55％,respectively,in the OG compared to controls.Staining for NADH diaphorase activity is widely used to detect alterations in the enteric nervous system; however,our qualitative examination of NADH-diaphorase positive neurons in the myenteric ganglia revealed an overall similarity between the two groups.CONCLUSION:We demonstrate increases in P2X2R expression and alterations in nNOS,ChAT and CalR IR in ileal myenteric neurons of female ob/ob mice compared to wild-type controls.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Emerging roles of the ribonucleotide reductase M2 in colorectal cancer and ultraviolet-induced DNA damage repair

    Ai-Guo LuHao FengPu-Xiong-Zhi WangDing-Pei Han...
    4704-4713页
    查看更多>>摘要：AIM:To investigate the roles of the ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) subunit in colorectal cancer (CRC)and ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage repair.METHODS:Immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray was performed to detect the expression of RRM2.Seven CRC cell lines were cultured and three human colon cancer cell lines,i.e.,HCT116,SW480 and SW620,were used.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of RRM2,respectively.Cell proliferation assay,cell cycle analysis were performed.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by double staining with fluorescein isothiocyanateconjugated Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) using Annexin V/PI apoptosis kit.The motility and invasion of CRC cells were assessed by the Transwell chamber assay.Cells were irradiated with a 254 nm UV-C lamp to detect the UV sensitivity after RRM2 depletion.RESULTS:Immunohistochemical staining revealed elevated RRM2 levels in CRC tissues.RRM2 overexpression was positively correlated with invasion depth (P ＜ 0.05),poorly differentiated type (P =0.0051),and tumor node metastasis stage (P =0.0015).The expression of RRM2 in HCT116 cells was downregulated after transfection,and HCT116 cell proliferation was obviously suppressed compared to control groups (P ＜ 0.05).In the invasion test,the number of cells that passed through the chambers in the RRM2-siRNA group was 81 ± 3,which was lower than that in the negative control (289 ± 7) and blank control groups (301 ± 7.2).These differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.01).Our data suggest that RRM2 overexpression may be associated with CRC progression.RRM2 silencing by siRNA may inhibit the hyperplasia and invasiveness of CRC cells,suggesting that RRM2 may play an important role in the infiltration and metastasis of CRC,which is a potential therapeutic strategy in CRC.In addition,RRM2 depletion increased UV sensitivity.CONCLUSION:These findings suggest that RRM2 may be a facilitating factor in colorectal tumorigenesis and UV-induced DNA damage repair.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Perforated midgut diverticulitis: Revisited

    Milan SpasojevicJens Marius NaesgaardDejan Ignjatovic
    4714-4720页
    查看更多>>摘要：AIM:To study and provide data on the evolution of medical procedures and outcomes of patients suffering from perforated midgut diverticulitis.METHODS:Three data sources were used:the Medline and Google search engines were searched for case reports on one or more patients treated for perforated midgut diverticulitis (Meckel's diverticulitis excluded)that were published after 1995.The inclusion criterion was sufficient individual patient data in the article.Both indexed and non-indexed journals were used.Patients treated for perforated midgut diverticulitis at Vestfold Hospital were included in this group.Data on symptoms,laboratory and radiology results,treatment modalities,surgical access,procedures,complications and outcomes were collected.The Norwegian patient registry was searched to find patients operated upon for midgut diverticulitis from 1999 to 2007.The data collected were age,sex,mode of access,surgical procedure performed and number of patients per year.Historical controls were retrieved from an article published in 1995 containing pertinent individual patient data.Statistical analysis was done with SPSS software.RESULTS:Group I:106 patients (48 men) were found.Mean age was 72.2 ± 13.1 years (mean ± SD).Age or sex had no impact on outcomes (P =0.057 and P =0.771,respectively).Preoperative assessment was plain radiography in 53.3％ or computed tomography (CT)in 76.1％.Correct diagnosis was made in 77.1％ with CT,5.6％ without (P =0.001).Duration of symptoms before hospitalization was 3.6 d (range:1-35 d),but longer duration was not associated with poor outcome (P =0.748).Eighty-six point eight percent of patients underwent surgery,92.4％ of these through open access where 90.1％ had bowel resection.Complications occurred in 19.2％ of patients and 16.3％ underwent reoperation.Distance from perforation to Treitz ligament was 41.7 ± 28.1 cm.At surgery,no peritonitis was found in 29.7％ of patients,local peritonitis in 47.5％,and diffuse peritonitis in 22.8％.Peritonitis grade correlated with the reoperation rate (r =0.43).Conservatively treated patients had similar hospital length of stay as operated patients (10.6 ±-8.3 d vs 10.7 ± 7.9 d,respectively).Age correlated with hospital stay (r=0.46).No difference in outcomes for operated or nonoperated patients was found (P =0.814).Group 1I:113 patients (57 men).Mean age 67.6 ± 16.4 years (range:21-96 years).Mean age for men was 61.3 ± 16.2 years,and 74.7 ±-12.5 years for women (P =0.001).Number of procedures per year was 11.2 ±0.9,and bowel resection was performed in 82.3％ of patients.Group Ⅲ:47 patients (21 men).Patient age was 65.4 ± 14.4 years.Mean age for men was 61.5 ± 17.3 years and 65.3 ± 14.4 years for women.Duration of symptoms before hospitalization was 6.9 d (range:1-180 d).No patients had a preoperative diagnosis,97.9％ of patients underwent surgery,and 78.3％ had multiple diverticula.Bowel resection was performed in 67.4％ of patients,and suture closure in 32.6％.Mortality was 23.4％.There was no difference in length of history or its impact on survival between Groups I and Ⅲ (P =0.241 and P =0.198,respectively).Resection was more often performed in Group I (P =0.01).Mortality was higher in Group Ⅲ (P =0.002).CONCLUSION:In cases with contained perforation,conservative treatment gives satisfactory results,laparoscopy with lavage and drainage can be attempted and continued with a conservative course.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据
    • 维普