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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)
中国科学技术协会
畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)

中国科学技术协会

李德发

季刊

1674-9782

zgxm@cau.edu.cn;xmzz@cau.edu.cn

010-62734403/2723

100193

中国农业大学西校区动物科技学院Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology编辑部

畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)/Journal Journal of Animal Science and BiotechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>定位为国内外公开发行的专业学术期刊，宗旨是立足国内，面向国际，为国内外畜牧科技工作者提供国际化学术共享的园地，促进我国与国际上其他国家在畜牧科学领域的交流；让中国畜牧科技走向世界，让世界了解中国畜牧科技。
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    Effect of atractylenolide Ⅲ on zearalenone-induced Snail1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in porcine intestinal epithelium

    Na Yeon KimMyoung Ok KimSangsu ShinWoo-Sung Kwon...
    2081-2092页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The intestinal epithelium performs essential physiological functions,such as nutrient absorption,and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of harmful substances.Mycotoxins are prevalent contaminants found in ani-mal feed that exert harmful effects on the health of livestock.Zearalenone(ZEA)is produced by the Fusarium genus and induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and disrupts the health and immune system of animals.Here,we evaluated the molecular mechanisms that regulate the effects of ZEA on the porcine intestinal epithelium.Results Treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with ZEA decreased the expression of E-cadherin and increased the expression of Snai1 and Vimentin,which induced Snail1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).In addition,ZEA induces Snail-mediated EMT through the activation of TGF-β signaling.The treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with atractyle-nolide Ⅲ,which were exposed to ZEA,alleviated EMT.Conclusions Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of ZEA toxicity in porcine intestinal epi-thelial cells and ways to mitigate it.
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    Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation levels determined adipogenesis and fat accumulation in adipose tissue in pigs

    Enfa YanMingyang TanNing JiaoLinjuan He...
    2093-2105页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Excessive backfat deposition lowering carcass grade is a major concern in the pig industry,especially in most breeds of obese type pigs.The mechanisms involved in adipogenesis and fat accumulation in pigs remain unclear.Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation(Khib),is a novel protein post-translational modification(PTM),which play an important role in transcription,energy metabolism and metastasis of cancer cells,but its role in adipogenesis and fat accumulation has not been shown.Results In this study,we first analyzed the modification levels of acetylation(Kac),Khib,crotonylation(Kcr)and suc-cinylation(Ksu)of fibro-adipogenic progenitors(FAPs),myogenic precursors(Myo)and mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with varied differentiation potential,and found that only Khib modification in FAPs was significantly higher than that in MSCs.Consistently,in parallel with its regulatory enzymes lysine acetyltransferase 5(KAT5)and histone deacetylase 2(HDAC2)protein levels,the Khib levels increased quadratically(P＜0.01)during adipogenic differen-tiation of FAPs.KAT5 knockdown in FAPs inhibited adipogenic differentiation,while HDAC2 knockdown enhanced adipogenic differentiation.We also demonstrated that Khib modification favored to adipogenic differentiation and fat accumulation by comparing Khib levels in FAPs and backfat tissues both derived from obese-type pigs(Laiwu pigs)and lean-type pigs(Duroc pigs),respectively.Accordingly,the expression patterns of KAT5 and HDAC2 matched well to the degree of backfat accumulation in obese-and lean-type pigs.Conclusions From the perspective of protein translational modification,we are the first to reveal the role of Khib in adipogenesis and fat deposition in pigs,and provided new clues for the improvement of fat accumulation and dis-tribution as expected via genetic selection and nutritional strategy in obese-type pigs.
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    Effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization,the portal amino acid profile,and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets

    Zexi LiYunfei LiYufei ZhaoGuifu Wang...
    2106-2121页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen utilization.The rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid supplies.However,research on the effects of diets with different glucose release kinetic profiles on amino acid absorption and portal amino acid appearance in piglets is limited.This study aimed to investigate the effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization,the portal amino acid profile,and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets.Methods Sixty-four barrows(15.00±1.12 kg)were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets formulated with starch from corn,corn/barley,corn/sorghum,or corn/cassava combinations(diets were coded A,B,C,or D respectively).Protein retention,the concentrations of portal amino acid and glucose,and the relative expression of amino acid and glucose transporter mRNAs were investigated.In vitro digestion was used to compare the dietary glucose release profiles.Results Four piglet diets with different glucose release kinetics were constructed by adjusting starch sources.The in vivo appearance dynamics of portal glucose were consistent with those of in vitro dietary glucose release kinet-ics.Total nitrogen excretion was reduced in the piglets in group B,while apparent nitrogen digestibility and nitro-gen retention increased(P＜0.05).Regardless of the time(2 h or 4 h after morning feeding),the portal total free amino acids content and contents of some individual amino acids(Thr,Glu,Gly,Ala,and lie)of the piglets in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A,C,and D(P＜0.05).Cluster analysis showed that different glu-cose release kinetic patterns resulted in different portal amino acid patterns in piglets,which decreased gradually with the extension of feeding time.The portal His/Phe,Pro/Glu,Leu/Val,Lys/Met,Tyr/lle and Ala/Gly appeared higher similarity among the diet treatments.In the anterior jejunum,the glucose transporter SGLT1 was significantly posi-tively correlated with the amino acid transporters B0AT1,EAAC1,and CAT1.Conclusions Rational allocation of starch resources could regulate dietary glucose release kinetics.In the present study,group B(corn/barley)diet exhibited a better glucose release kinetic pattern than the other groups,which could affect the portal amino acid contents and patterns by regulating the expression of amino acid transporters in the small intestine,thereby promoting nitrogen deposition in the body,and improving the utilization efficiency of dietary nitrogen.
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    Effects of different energy levels in low-protein diet on liver lipid metabolism in the late-phase laying hens through the gut-liver axis

    Hong HuYing HuangAnjian LiQianhui Mi...
    2122-2136页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The energy/protein imbalance in a low-protein diet induces lipid metabolism disorders in late-phase laying hens.Reducing energy levels in the low-protein diet to adjust the energy-to-protein ratio may improve fat deposition,but this also decreases the laying performance of hens.This study investigated the mechanism by which different energy levels in the low-protein diet influences liver lipid metabolism in late-phase laying hens through the enterohepatic axis to guide feed optimization and nutrition strategies.A total of 288 laying hens were randomly allocated to the normal-energy and normal-protein diet group(positive control:CK)or 1 of 3 groups:low-energy and low-protein diet(LL),normal-energy and low-protein diet(NL),and high-energy and low-protein diet(HL)groups.The energy-to-protein ratios of the CK,LL,NL,and HL diets were 0.67,0.74,0.77,and 0.80,respectively.Results Compared with the CK group,egg quality deteriorated with increasing energy intake in late-phase laying hens fed low-protein diet.Hens fed LL,NL,and HL diets had significantly higher triglyceride,total cholesterol,acetyl-CoA carboxylase,and fatty acid synthase levels,but significantly lower hepatic lipase levels compared with the CK group.Liver transcriptome sequencing revealed that genes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation(ACOX1,HADHA,EHHADH,and ACAA1)were downregulated,whereas genes related to fatty acid synthesis(SCD,FASN,and ACACA)were upregulated in LL group compared with the CK group.Comparison of the cecal microbiome showed that in hens fed an LL diet,Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio were enriched,whereas riboflavin metabolism was suppressed.Cecal metabolites that were most significantly affected by the LL diet included several vitamins,such as riboflavin(vitamin B2),pantethine(vitamin B5 derivative),pyridoxine(vitamin B6),and 4-pyridoxic acid.Conclusion A lipid metabolism disorder due to deficiencies of vitamin B2 and pantethine originating from the metab-olism of the cecal microbiome may be the underlying reason for fat accumulation in the liver of late-phase laying hens fed an LL diet.Based on the present study,we propose that targeting vitamin B2 and pantethine(vitamin B5 derivative)might be an effective strategy for improving lipid metabolism in late-phase laying hens fed a low-protein diet.
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    Oleanolic acid improved intestinal immune function by activating and potentiating bile acids receptor signaling in E.coli-challenged piglets

    Chenyu XueHongpeng JiaRujing CaoWenjie Cai...
    2137-2155页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Infection with pathogenic bacteria during nonantibiotic breeding is one of the main causes of animal intestinal diseases.Oleanolic acid(OA)is a pentacyclic triterpene that is ubiquitous in plants.Our previous work dem-onstrated the protective effect of OA on intestinal health,but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.This study investigated whether dietary supplementation with OA can prevent diarrhea and intestinal immune dysregulation caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)in piglets.The key molecular role of bile acid receptor signaling in this process has also been explored.Results Our results demonstrated that OA supplementation alleviated the disturbance of bile acid metabolism in ETEC-infected piglets(P＜0.05).OA supplementation stabilized the composition of the bile acid pool in piglets by regulating the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and significantly increased the contents of UDCA and CDCA in the ileum and cecum(P＜0.05).This may also explain why OA can maintain the stability of the intestinal micro-biota structure in ETEC-challenged piglets.In addition,as a natural ligand of bile acid receptors,OA can reduce the severity of intestinal inflammation and enhance the strength of intestinal epithelial cell antimicrobial programs through the bile acid receptorsTGR5 and FXR(P＜0.05).Specifically,OA inhibited NF-κB-mediated intestinal inflam-mation by directly activating TGR5 and its downstream cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway(P＜0.05).Furthermore,OA enhanced CDCA-mediated MEK-ERK signaling in intestinal epithelial cells by upregulating the expression of FXR(P＜0.05),thereby upregulating the expression of endogenous defense molecules in intestinal epithelial cells.Conclusions In conclusion,our findings suggest that OA-mediated regulation of bile acid metabolism plays an important role in the innate immune response,which provides a new diet-based intervention for intestinal dis-eases caused by pathogenic bacterial infections in piglets.
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    Effects of altering the ratio of C16∶0 and cis-9 C18∶1 in rumen bypass fat on growth performance,lipid metabolism,intestinal barrier,cecal microbiota,and inflammation in fattening bulls

    Haixin BaiHaosheng ZhangCongwen WangModinat Tolani Lambo...
    2156-2174页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background C16∶0 and cis-9 C18∶1 may have different effects on animal growth and health due to unique metabo-lism in vivo.This study was investigated to explore the different effects of altering the ratio of C16∶0 and cis-9 C18∶1 in fat supplements on growth performance,lipid metabolism,intestinal barrier,cecal microbiota,and inflammation in fattening bulls.Thirty finishing Angus bulls(626±69 kg,21±0.5 months)were divided into 3 treatments according to the randomized block design:(1)control diet without additional fat(CON),(2)CON+2.5％palmitic acid calcium salt(PA,90％C16∶0),and(3)CON+2.5％mixed fatty acid calcium salt(MA,60％C16∶0+30％cis-9 C18∶1).The experiment lasted for 104 d,after which all the bulls were slaughtered and sampled for analysis.Results MA tended to reduce 0-52 d dry matter intake compared to PA(DMI,P=0.052).Compared with CON and MA,PA significantly increased 0-52 d average daily gain(ADG,P=0.027).PA tended to improve the 0-52 d feed conversion rate compared with CON(FCR,P=0.088).Both PA and MA had no significant effect on 52-104 days of DMI,ADG and FCR(P＞0.05).PA tended to improve plasma triglycerides compared with MA(P=0.077),significantly increased plasma cholesterol(P=0.002)and tended to improve subcutaneous adipose weight(P=0.066)when com-pared with CON and MA.Both PA and MA increased visceral adipose weight compared with CON(P=0.021).Only PA increased the colonization of Rikenellaceae,Ruminococcus and Proteobacteria in the cecum,and MA increased Akker-mansia abundance(P＜0.05).Compared with CON,both PA and MA down-regulated the mRNA expression of Clau-din-1 in the jejunum(P＜0.001),increased plasma diamine oxidase(DAO,P＜0.001)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS,P=0.045).Compared with CON and MA,PA down-regulated the ZO-1 in the jejunum(P＜0.001)and increased plasma LPS-binding protein(LBP,P＜0.001).Compared with CON,only PA down-regulated the Occludin in the jejunum(P=0.013).Compared with CON,PA and MA significantly up-regulated the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB in the vis-ceral adipose(P＜0.001)and increased plasma IL-6(P＜0.001).Compared with CON,only PA up-regulated the TNF-αin the visceral adipose(P=0.01).Compared with CON and MA,PA up-regulated IL-6 in the visceral adipose(P＜0.001),increased plasma TNF-α(P＜0.001),and reduced the IgG content in plasma(P=0.035).Compared with CON,PA and MA increased C16∶0 in subcutaneous fat and longissimus dorsi muscle(P＜0.05),while more C16∶0 was also depos-ited by extension and desaturation into C18∶0 and cis-9 C18∶1.However,neither PA nor MA affected the content of cis-9 C18∶1 in longissimus dorsi muscle compared with CON(P＞0.05).Conclusions MA containing 30％cis-9 C18∶1 reduced the risk of high C16∶0 dietary fat induced subcutaneous fat obesity,adipose tissue and systemic low-grade inflammation by accelerating fatty acid oxidative utilization,improving colonization of Akkermansia,reducing intestinal barrier damage,and down-regulating NF-κB activation.
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