查看更多>>摘要：Photocatalytic conversion of solar light into chemical fuels represents an appealing pathway by which a sustainable energy future might be realized.However,great scientific challenges need to be addressed for devel-oping this technology,such as finding a way to acquire highly efficient semiconductor photocatalytic materials.Recently,halide perovskites have emerged as a novel class of semiconductors that display several exceptional advan-tages,including a large absorption coefficient,high carrier mobility,as well as customizable tunability of band gap,composition,structures,and morphologies.The develop-ment of photocatalysts solely based on pure halide per-ovskites encounters significant hurdles due to their intrinsically low stability and activity.A promising strategy to overcome this problem involves the construction of perovskite-based heterostructures.The integration with other components can enhance light absorption capacity,promote the separation of photogenerated carriers,and augment the number of surface reactive sites.In this review,we briefly summarize recent advances in the con-struction of perovskite-based photocatalytic heterostruc-tures,where the perovskites serve either as the matrix or as a decoration material.Furthermore,the research accomplishments in employing these heterostructures for photocatalytic CO2 reduction are reviewed.Finally,the major obstacles and the great potential for future design of perovskite-based heterostructures toward the creation of competitive CO2 conversion photocatalysts are proposed.
查看更多>>摘要：Cerium dioxide(CeO2)is a significant rare earth oxide with the merits of rich oxygen defects,specific 4f15d1 orbitals,and superior oxygen storage-release capacity in Ce4+/Ce3+reversibility pairs,and has been widely investigated as an active photocatalytic material for air pollution remediation.To enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of CeO2,recent developments of numerous modification strategies have been employed to broaden the light absorption range and reduce the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs.This review summarizes the fabrica-tion of modified CeO2 catalysts,including metal or non-metal doping,heterostructure construction and oxygen vacancy manufacturing,to provide insight into how those advanced techniques improve the photocatalytic activity.Moreover,this work provides a detailed discussion on the usage of modified CeO2 in the fields of air pollution con-trol,including nitrogen oxides removal,volatile organic compounds elimination and the purification of carbon dioxide.Finally,the potential future development and further research on the modification of CeO2 has been identified.
查看更多>>摘要：Remarkable developments in image recognition technology trigger demands for more advanced imaging devices.In recent years,traditional image sensors,as the go-to imaging devices,have made substantial progress in their optoelectronic characteristics and functionality.Moreover,a new breed of imaging device with information processing capability,known as neuromorphic vision sen-sors,is developed by mimicking biological vision.In this review,we delve into the recent progress of imaging devices,specifically image sensors and neuromorphic vision sensors.This review starts by introducing their core components,namely photodetectors and photonic synap-ses,while placing a strong emphasis on device structures,working mechanisms and key performance parameters.Then it proceeds to summarize the noteworthy achieve-ments in both image sensors and neuromorphic vision sensors,including advancements in large-scale and high-resolution imaging,filter-free multispectral recognition,polarization sensitivity,flexibility,hemispherical designs,and self-power supply of image sensors,as well as in neuromorphic imaging and data processing,environmental adaptation,and ultra-low power consumption of neuro-morphic vision sensors.Finally,the challenges and pro-spects that lie ahead in the ongoing development of imaging devices are addressed.
查看更多>>摘要：With the swift advancement of renewable energy and escalating demands for energy storage,potas-sium-ion batteries(PIBs)are increasingly recognized as a potent energy storage technology.Various carbon anode materials have been utilized for PIBs anodes owing to their superior K+storage capacity,outstanding cycling perfor-mance,elevated capacity,and cost-effectiveness.There-fore,it is imperative to explore and improve carbon anode materials.This review meticulously encapsulates the recent scholarly advancements in carbon anode materials for PIBs.It elucidates the operational mechanisms of carbon anode for PIBs,provides a synopsis of diverse carbon materials,and deliberates on the prevalent challenges,including cycling stability and potassium-ion diffusion rates.Although soft and hard carbon augmented potassium-ion capacities,the expansive surface areas coupled with the large ionic radius of K+pose substantial challenges to their structural design and optimization.Consequently,this review outlines strategic approaches to the design of car-bon materials for excellent potassium storage performance,including the expansion of interlayer spacing,modification of morphology,heteroatom doping,structural defect reg-ulation,incorporation of porous structures,and develop-ment of carbon-carbon composites.Finally,the challenges and prospective solutions of carbon anode materials for PIBs with superior energy density and cycling stability were proposed,providing a reasonable guidance for regu-lation design of carbon materials.
查看更多>>摘要：Sustainable clean energy is gradually replacing traditional fossil energy sources in important industrial applications and is placing higher demands on the tech-nologies of energy storage and transportation.The devel-opment of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs)offers a new idea for safe solid-state hydrogen storage materials.Owing to the unique characteristics of complex compo-nents and severe lattice distortion,MPEAs are predicted to have better hydrogen storage performance and more probability for modulation and enhancement,allowing them to meet the requirements of different hydrogen stor-age applications.The unique structure characteristic potentially devotes the improvement of thermodynamic and kinetic performance,such as the hydrogen storage capacity and hydrogen adsorption/desorption properties.Recently,several important modulation factors originating from components and structures facilitate the understand-ing of the correlation between hydrogen storage properties and microstructure.Here,we highlight the correlations of hydrogen storage mechanism,with the degree of lattice distortion,the element variation or segregation and valence electron concentration.Moreover,the development ten-dency on the hydrogen storage mechanism based on the advanced microscopy and computational approach is pro-posed.Especially,the chemically short-range ordered structure in MPEAs is predicted as a potential modification factor of the hydrogen/tritium storage properties.
查看更多>>摘要：Two-terminal(2T)tandem solar cells(TSCs)are optically and electrically connected by two subcells with complementary bandgaps,which are designed to overcome the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)limit of single-junction solar cells.Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are ideal light-absorbing materials for 2T TSCs due to their tunable bandgaps,low-temperature solution-based pro-cessing,and excellent light absorption coefficient.Thus,2T perovskite-based TSCs(PTSCs)have aroused widespread interest among the photovoltaic community.At present,the key to obtaining efficient and stable 2T PTSCs is estab-lishing efficient interfaces and layers with good photo-electric properties and high compatibility of subcells.In particular,interfacial engineering based on effective recombination layers(RCLs)and buffers has a prominent effect on achieving enhanced power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 2T PTSCs with improved operational stability.In this article,the current frontier issues of 2T PTSCs including different device structures and properties are reviewed in detail to analyze their merits,demerits and solutions to overcome bottlenecks.Subsequently,the component engineering,interface engineering and theo-retical PCE analysis for designing 2T PTSCs proposed by material simulations are discussed.Furthermore,the scal-ability of interfacial passivation from single-junction per-ovskite solar cells to 2T PTSCs is evaluated,and the function mechanisms of RCLs and buffers are also sum-marized and analyzed carefully.Finally,the challenges faced by 2T PTSCs are pointed out,and their development directions are suggested.This article aims to provide viable guidance for realizing practical manufacturing technolo-gies for the commercialization of 2T PTSCs.
查看更多>>摘要：Solid-state batteries with solid polymer elec-trolytes are considered the most promising due to their high energy density and safety advantages.However,their development is hindered by the limitations of polymer electrolytes,such as low ionic conductivity,poor mechanical strength and inadequate fire resistance.This study presents a thin polyvinylidene fluoride-based com-posite solid electrolyte film(25 μm)incorporating two-dimensional modified lipophilic lithium magnesium sili-cate(LLS)as additives with good dispersibility.The incorporation of LLS promotes grain refinement in polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF),enhances the densification of electrolyte films,increases the tensile strength to 10.42 MPa and the elongation to 251.58％,improves ion transport interface,and facilitates uniform deposition of lithium ions.Furthermore,LLS demonstrates strong adsorption ability,promoting the formation of solvated molecules,resulting in high ionic conductivity(2.07 ×10-4 S.cm-1 at 30 ℃)and a stable lithium/elec-trolyte interface.Symmetric Li//Li cells assembled with the thin composite electrolytes exhibit stable cycling for 2000 h at 0.1 mA.cm-2 and 0.05 mAh·cm-2.Additionally,the LiFePO4//Li battery shows a capacity retention rate of 99.9％after 200 cycles at 0.5C and room temperature.
查看更多>>摘要：The state-of-charge(SOC)and state-of-health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries affect their operating per-formance and safety.The coupled SOC and SOH are dif-ficult to estimate adaptively in multi-temperatures and aging.This paper proposes a novel transformer-embedded lithium-ion battery model for joint estimation of state-of-charge and state-of-health.The battery model is formulated across temperatures and aging,which provides accurate feedback for unscented Kalman filter-based SOC estima-tion and aging information.The open-circuit voltages(OCVs)are corrected globally by the temporal convolu-tional network with accurate OCVs in time-sliding win-dows.Arrhenius equation is combined with estimated SOH for temperature-aging migration.A novel transformer model is introduced,which integrates multiscale attention with the transformer's encoder to incorporate SOC-voltage differential derived from battery model.This model simultaneously extracts local aging information from var-ious sequences and aging channels using a self-attention and depth-separate convolution.By leveraging multi-head attention,the model establishes information dependency relationships across different aging levels,enabling rapid and precise SOH estimation.Specifically,the root mean square error for SOC and SOH under conditions of 15 ℃ dynamic stress test and 25 ℃ constant current cycling was less than 0.9％and 0.8％,respectively.Notably,the pro-posed method exhibits excellent adaptability to varying temperature and aging conditions,accurately estimating SOC and SOH.
查看更多>>摘要：The shuttling diffusion of polysulfides is a bottleneck that seriously limits the performance of Li-S batteries.Purposeful construction of sulfur cathodes with reliable trapping ability of polysulfides is the key to over-come such limitation.Herein,a hierarchical porous archi-tecture,i.e.,Co(OH)2 sheets bonded Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogel(Co(OH)2/MXA),is constructed via a facile self-assembled approach and used as an efficient free-standing polysulfides reservoir.The interconnected three-dimen-sional(3D)porous network with void space and strong interfacial interaction not only enables high sulfur loading but facilitates fast ion and electron transport.Experimental and theoretical results confirm the hetero-framework exhibits outstanding immobilization and conversion ability for polysulfides due to its polar surface and bifunctional catalytic activities toward both formation and decomposi-tion of Li2S.The optimized Co(OH)2/MXA cathode delivers excellent rate capability(407 mAh·g-1 at 5C)with a sulfur loading of 2.7 mg·cm-2,and ultra-stable cycling performance as an extremely small capacity decay of～0.005％per cycle within 1700 cycles at 1C is achieved with a high sulfur loading of 6.7 mg·cm-2.More signifi-cantly,our design structural/componential methodology here promises the MXene-based aerogel electrodes for Li-S batteries and beyond.
查看更多>>摘要：The high-value utilization of manganese ore tail-ings is of great significance for saving mineral resources and achieving environmental protection.Herein,an olivine LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4/rGO composite is synthesized by a simple precipitation method and subsequent high-temperature calci-nation process using the manganese ore tailings as raw material.The prepared LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4/rGO composite exhibits supe-rior cycling stability(with 113.5 mAh·g-1 after 300 cycles at 1.0C(1.0C=170 mA·g-1))and superior rate performance(with 65.6 mAh·g-1 at 10.0C).Ex-situ XRD and electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)analyses evidence that the LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4/rGO material has excellent structural sta-bility and electrochemical reversibility during charge and dis-charge processes.Furthermore,the LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4/rGO//graphite full Li-ion battery also exhibits excellent cycling stability indicating its potential commercialization value.
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