查看更多>>摘要：Ionogels have garnered great attention as promising soft conducting materials for the fabrication of flexible energy storage devices,soft actuators,and ionotronics.However,the leakage of the ionic liquids,weak mechanical strength,and poor manufacturability have greatly limited their reliability and applications.Here,we propose a new ionogel synthesis strategy by utilizing granular zwitterionic microparticles to stabilize ionic liquids.The ionic liquids swell the microparticles and physically crosslink microparticles via either electronic interaction or hydrogen bonding.Further introducing a photocurable acrylic monomer enables the fabrication of double-network(DN)ionogels with high stretchability(＞600％)and ultrahigh toughness(fracture energy＞10 kJ/m2).The synthesized ionogels exhibit a wide working temperature of-60 to 90 ℃.By tuning the crosslinking density of microparticles and physical crosslinking strength of ionogels,we synthesize DN ionogel inksand print them into three-dimensional(3D)motifs.Several ionogel-based ionotronics are 3D printed as demonstrations,including strain gauges,humidity sensors,and ionic skins made of capacitive touch sensor arrays.Via covalently linking ionogels with silicone elastomers,we integrate the ionogel sensors onto pneumatic soft actuators and demonstrate their capacities in sensing large deformation.As our last demonstration,multimaterial direct ink writing is harnessed to fabricate highly stretchable and durable alternating-current electroluminescent devices with arbitrary structures.Our printable granular ionogel ink represents a versatile platform for the future manufacturing of ionotronics.
查看更多>>摘要：Flexible full-textile pressure sensor is able to integrate with clothing directly,which has drawn extensive attention from scholars recently.But the realization of flexible full-textile pressure sensor with high sensitivity,wide detection range,and long working life remains challenge.Complex recognition tasks necessitate intricate sensor arrays that require extensive data processing and are susceptible to damage.The human skin is capable of interpreting tactile signals,such as sliding,by encoding pressure changes and performing complex perceptual tasks.Inspired by the skin,we have developed a simple dip-and-dry approach to fabricate a full-textile pressure sensor with signal transmission layers,protective layers,and sensing layers.The sensor achieves high sensitivity(2.16 kPa-1),ultrawide detection range(0 to 155.485 kPa),impressive mechanical stability of 1 million loading/unloading cycles without fatigue,and low material cost.The signal transmission layers that collect local signals enable real-world complicated task recognition through one single sensor.We developed an artificial Internet of Things system utilizing a single sensor,which successfully achieved high accuracy in 4 tasks,including handwriting digit recognition and human activity recognition.The results demonstrate that skin-inspired full-textile sensor paves a promising route toward the development of electronic textiles with important potential in real-world applications,including human-machine interaction and human activity detection.
查看更多>>摘要：Spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)have important applications in both reproduction and regenerative medicine.Nevertheless,specific genes and signaling transduction pathways in mediating fate decisions of human SSCs remain elusive.Here,we have demonstrated for the first time that OIP5(Opa interacting protein 5)controlled the self-renewal and apoptosis of human SSCs.RNA sequencing identified that NCK2 was a target for 0IP5 in human SSCs,and interestingly,0IP5 could interact with NCK2 as shown by Co-IP(co-immunoprecipitation),IP-MS(mass spectrometry),and GST pulldown assays.NCK2 silencing decreased human SSC proliferation and DNA synthesis but enhanced their apoptosis.Notably,NCK2 knockdown reversed the influence of 0IP5 overexpression on human SSCs.Moreover,0IP5 inhibition decreased the numbers of human SSCs at S and G2/M phases,while the levels of numerous cell cycle proteins,including cyclins A2,B1,D1,E1 and H,especially cyclin D1,were remarkably reduced.Significantly,whole-exome sequencing of 777 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia(NOA)revealed 54 single-nucleotide polymorphism mutations of the OIP5 gene(6.95％),while the level of OIP5 protein was obviously lower in testes of NOA patients compared to fertile men.Collectively,these results implicate that 0IP5 interacts with NCK2 to modulate human SSC self-renewal and apoptosis via cell cyclins and cell cycle progression and that its mutation and/or lower expression is correlated with azoospermia.As such,this study offers novel insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the fate determinations of human SSCs and the pathogenesis of NOA,and it provides new targets for treating male infertility.
查看更多>>摘要：Human cognition is usually underpinned by intrinsic structure and functional neural co-activation in spatially distributed brain regions.Owing to lacking an effective approach to quantifying the covarying of structure and functional responses,how the structural-functional circuits interact and how genes encode the relationships,to deepen our knowledge of human cognition and disease,are still unclear.Here,we propose a multimodal covariance network(MCN)construction approach to capture interregional covarying of the structural skeleton and transient functional activities for a single individual.We further explored the potential association between brain-wide gene expression patterns and structural-functional covarying in individuals involved in a gambling task and individuals with major depression disorder(MDD),adopting multimodal data from a publicly available human brain transcriptomic atlas and 2 independent cohorts.MCN analysis showed a replicable cortical structural-functional fine map in healthy individuals,and the expression of cognition-and disease phenotype-related genes was found to be spatially correlated with the corresponding MCN differences.Further analysis of cell type-specific signature genes suggests that the excitatory and inhibitory neuron transcriptomic changes could account for most of the observed correlation with task-evoked MCN differences.In contrast,changes in MCN of MDD patients were enriched for biological processes related to synapse function and neuroinflammation in astrocytes,microglia,and neurons,suggesting its promising application in developing targeted therapies for MDD patients.Collectively,these findings confirmed the correlations of MCN-related differences with brain-wide gene expression patterns,which captured genetically validated structural-functional differences at the cellular level in specific cognitive processes and psychiatric patients.
查看更多>>摘要：The biomimetic construction of a microstructural-mechanical-electrical anisotropic microenvironment adaptive to the native cardiac tissue is essential to repair myocardial infarction(Ml).Inspired by the 3D anisotropic characteristic of the natural fish swim bladder(FSB),a novel flexible,anisotropic,and conductive hydrogel was developed for tissue-specific adaptation to the anisotropic structural,conductive,and mechanical features of the native cardiac extracellular matrix.The results revealed that the originally stiff,homogeneous FSB film was tailored to a highly flexible anisotropic hydrogel,enabling its potential as a functional engineered cardiac patch(ECP).Invitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the enhanced electrophysiological activity,maturation,elongation,and orientation of cardiomyocytes(CMs),and marked Ml repair performance with reduced CM apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis,thereby promoting cell retention,myogenesis,and vascularization,as well as improving electrical integration.Our findings offer a potential strategy for functional ECP and provides a novel strategy to bionically simulate the complex cardiac repair environment.
查看更多>>摘要：Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease featuring rapid proliferation of epidermal cells.Although elevated glycolysis flux has been reported in psoriasis,the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain unclear.We investigated the role of the integral membrane protein CD147 in psoriasis pathogenesis,observing its high expression in psoriatic skin lesions of humans and imiquimod(IMQ)-induced mouse models.In mouse models,genomic deletion of epidermal CD147 markedly attenuated IMQ-induced psoriatic inflammation.We found that CD147 interacted with glucose transporter 1(Glut1).Depletion of CD147 in the epidermis blocked glucose uptake and glycolysis in vitro and in vivo.In CD147-knockout mice and keratinocytes,oxidative phosphorylation was increased in the epidermis,indicating CD147's pivotal role in glycolysis reprogramming during pathogenesis of psoriasis.Using non-targeted and targeted metabolic techniques,we found that epidermal deletion of CD147 significantly increased the production of carnitine and α-ketoglutaric acid(α-KG).Depletion of CD147 also increased transcriptional expression and activity of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase(γ-BBD/BBOX1),a crucial molecule for carnitine metabolism,by inhibiting histone trimethylations of H3K9.Our findings demonstrate that CD147 is critical in metabolic reprogramming through the α-KG-H3K9me3-BBOX1 axis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis,indicating that epidermal CD147 is a promising target for psoriasis treatment.
查看更多>>摘要：So far,there have been 4 methods to control chirality including the use of chiral auxiliaries,reagents,solvents,and catalysts documented in literature and textbooks.Among them,asymmetric catalysts are normally divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis.In this report,we present a new type of asymmetric control-asymmetric catalysis via chiral aggregates that would not belong to the above categories.This new strategy is represented by catalytic asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction of olefins in which chiral ligands are aggregated by taking advantage of typical aggregation-induced emission systems containing tetrahydrofuran and H2O cosolvents.It was proven that the chiral induction can be enhanced from er of 78∶22 to 97∶3 simply by changing the ratios of these 2 cosolvents.The formation of chiral aggregates of asymmetric dihydroxylation ligands,(DHQD)2PHAL and(DHQ)2PHAL,has been proven by aggregation-induced emission and a new analytical tool-aggregation-induced polarization established by our laboratory.In the meanwhile,chiral aggregates were found to be formed either by adding NaCl into tetrahydrofuran/H20 systems or by increasing concentrations of chiral ligands.The present strategy also showed promising reverse control of enantioselectivity in the Diels-Alder reaction.This work is anticipated to be extended broadly to general catalysis,especially to asymmetric catalysis in the future.
查看更多>>摘要：Throughout billions of years,biological systems have evolved sophisticated,multiscale hierarchical structures to adapt to changing environments.Biomaterials are synthesized under mild conditions through a bottom-up self-assembly process,utilizing substances from the surrounding environment,and meanwhile are regulated by genes and proteins.Additive manufacturing,which mimics this natural process,provides a promising approach to developing new materials with advantageous properties similar to natural biological materials.This review presents an overview of natural biomaterials,emphasizing their chemical and structural compositions at various scales,from the nanoscale to the macroscale,and the key mechanisms underlying their properties.Additionally,this review describes the designs,preparations,and applications of bioinspired multifunctional materials produced through additive manufacturing at different scales,including nano,micro,micro-macro,and macro levels.The review highlights the potential of bioinspired additive manufacturing to develop new functional materials and insights into future directions and prospects in this field.By summarizing the characteristics of natural biomaterials and their synthetic counterparts,this review inspires the development of new materials that can be utilized in various applications.
查看更多>>摘要：The hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric generator(HETG)is a prevalent device for mechanical energy harvesting.However,the energy utilization efficiency of the electromagnetic generator(EMG)is inferior to that of the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)at low driving frequencies,which limits the overall efficacy of the HETG.To tackle this issue,a layered hybrid generator consisting of a rotating disk TENG,a magnetic multiplier,and a coil panel is proposed.The magnetic multiplier not only forms the EMG part with its high-speed rotor and the coil panel but also facilitates the EMG to operate at a higher frequency than the TENG through frequency division operation.The systematic parameter optimization of the hybrid generator reveals that the energy utilization efficiency of EMG can be elevated to that of rotating disk TENG.Incorporating a power management circuit,the HETG assumes the responsibility for monitoring the water quality and fishing conditions by collecting low-frequency mechanical energy.The magnetic-multiplier-enabled hybrid generator demonstrated in this work offers a universal frequency division approach to improve the overall outputs of any hybrid generator that collects rotational energy,expanding its practical applications in diverse multifunctional self-powered systems.
查看更多>>摘要：Conventionally,to produce a linear motion,one motor's stator is employed to drive one runner moving forward or backward.So far,there is almost no report of one electromechanical motor or piezoelectric ultrasonic motor that can directly generate two symmetrical linear motions,while this function is desired for precise scissoring and grasping in the minimally invasive surgery field.Herein,we report a brand-new symmetric-actuating linear piezoceramic ultrasonic motor capable of generating symmetrical linear motions of two outputs directly without additional mechanical transmission mechanisms.The key component of the motor is an(2 x 3)arrayed piezoceramic bar stator operating in the coupled resonant mode of the first longitudinal(L1)and third bending(B3)modes,leading to symmetric elliptical vibration trajectories at its two ends.A pair of microsurgical scissors is used as the end-effector,demonstrating a very promising future for high-precision microsurgical operations.The sliders of the prototype show the following features:(a)symmetrical,fast relative moving velocity(～1 m/s)outward or inward simultaneously;(b)high step resolution(40 nm);and(c)high power density(405.4 mW/cm3)and high efficiency(22.1％)that are double those of typical piezoceramic ultrasonic motors,indicating the full capacity of symmetric-actuating linear piezoceramic ultrasonic motor working in symmetric operation principle.This work also has enlightening significance for future symmetric-actuating device designs.
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