查看更多>>摘要：Traditional Chinese herbal medicines not only cure human diseases,but also play an important role as insecticides.Compared with conventional chemical agents,traditional Chinese herbal medicines are characterized by low toxicity,low residues,and being eco-friendly,and they have become a research hot-spot.Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have tremendous flexibility and indefinite potential.Therefore,this paper reviewed the types of insecticides belonging to traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia,China,including their traditional uses,secondary metabolites,biological activities,action mechanisms,application methods,and development status.In addition,the most relevant issues involved in the development of traditional Chinese herbal medicines was discussed.We believe that tra-ditional Chinese herbal medicines can be better implemented and developed;such that its other advan-tages,such as an insect repellent,can be promoted.Moreover,this study lays a solid foundation for further research on traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia,China.
查看更多>>摘要：Objective:Rosa odorata var.gigantea is a popular medicinal plant.Some studies have demonstrated that ethanolic extract of the fruits of R.odorata var.gigantea(FOE)has gastroprotective properties.The aim of this study was to investigate the gastroprotective activity of FOE on water immersion restrained stress(WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal injury in a rat model and elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms involved.Methods:A rat stress ulcer model was established in this study using WIRS.After rats were treated with FOE orally for 7 d,the effect of FOE treatment was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,and the changes of inflammatory factors,oxidative stress factors,and gastric-specific regulatory factors and pepsin in the blood and gastric tissues of rats were examined by ELISA assay.Molecular mechanism of FOE was investigated by immunohistochemical assay and Western blot.Results:Compared with the WIRS group,FOE could diminish both the macroscopic and microscopic pathological morphology of gastric mucosa.FOE significantly preserved the antioxidants glutathione per-oxidase(GSH-PX),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)contents;anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10(IL-10)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)levels as well as regulatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α(TGF-α)and somatostatin(SS)contents,while decreasing malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin-1 β(IL-1 β),interleukin-6(IL-6),gastrin(GAS)and endothelin(ET)levels.Moreover,FOE distinctly upregulated the expression of Nrf2,HO-1,Bcl2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA).In addition,FOE activated the expression of p-EGFR and down-regulated the expression of NF-κB,Bax,Cleaved-caspase-3,Cyto-C and Cleaved-PARP1,thus promoting gastric mucosal cell survival.Conclusion:The current work demonstrated that FOE exerted a gastroprotective activity against gastric mucosal injury induced by WIRS.The underlying mechanism might be associated with the improvement of anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis systems.
查看更多>>摘要：Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic inflammatory and destructive arthritis,characterized by inflammatory infiltration and bone destruction.Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction(HGWD)is traditional Chinese medicine,which has been applied in the treatment of RA in clinical.The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of HGWD on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)mouse model.Methods:DBA/1J female mice were used to establish the collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)model.HGWD was administered intragastrically once a day for four weeks starting on the 22nd day after the first immu-nization.The body weight,hind paw thickness and clinical score were measured every five days.Gait analysis,histopathological staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),ultrasound imaging and micro-computed tomography imaging were performed to determine the effects of HGWD treatment on inflammation and bone structure in this model.Moreover,Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect inflammatory factors mRNA and protein levels after HGWD intervention in RAW 264.7 cells.Results:HGWD attenuated symptoms of arthritis,suppressed inflammatory synovium area and the serum levels of inflammatory factors,inhibited joint space enlargement in the knee and ankle joints,reduced numbers of osteoclasts,protected bone destruction,as well as improved motor function.HGWD decreased the expression of mRNA for inflammatory factors and the protein expression levels of p-NF-κB and IL-17.Conclusion:These results suggested that HGWD suppresses inflammation,attenuates bone erosion and maintains motor function in collagen-induced arthritis mice.
查看更多>>摘要：Objective:Myocardial infarction(MI)is linked to an imbalance in the supply and demand of blood oxygen in the heart muscles.Beta-blockers and calcium antagonists are just two of the common medications used to treat Ml.However,these have reportedly been shown to be either ineffective or to have undesir-able side effects.Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves(GBE),a Chinese herbal product offers special compati-bility benefits in therapeutic settings relating to inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress.In order to better understand how GBE affects MI in rats insulted by isoprenaline(ISO),the current study was designed.Methods:The heart weight index,serum lipid profile,cardiac marker enzymes,endogenous antioxidants[catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),nitrites and malondialdehyde(MDA)],inflammatory mediators[tumour necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)],immunohisto-chemical expressions of B-cell lymphoma factor-2(Bcl-2),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)and histopathological analysis were used to assess the cardioprotective properties of GBE.Results:The findings showed that GBE effectively attenuated myocardial infarction by boosting the body's natural antioxidant defense system and reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines as well as heart injury marker enzymes.The expression of Bcl-2,ERK1/2 and mTOR was increased while the his-tomorphological alterations were reversed.Conclusion:The cardioprotective effects of GBE may be due to a mechanism involving increased Bcl-2/mTOR/ERK1/2/Na+,K+-ATPase activity.
查看更多>>摘要：Objective:To clear the amounts of the principal active/toxic components in herbs containing aristolochic acids(HCAAs),which are still used as medicine and/or seasoning in many ethnic minority areas of China.Methods:In this study,six major active and toxic components in HCAAs were extracted with ultrasonic extraction.With 6-O-methyl guanosine as internal standard,the target compounds were analyzed qual-itatively and quantitatively by using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)with multiple reaction monitoring-information dependent acquisition-enhanced production ion scanning mode(MRM-IDA-EPI)combined with dynamic background subtraction(DBS)function.Results:The method showed good linearity in the linear range of the six analytes.The limit range of detection was from 0.01 ng/mL to 0.27 ng/mL All of the detection repeatability,extraction repeatability and accuracy of the method were good.After extraction,the samples remained stable at 15 ℃ within 24 h.Six analytes were all found in samples except aristolactam(AL)in sample 2,and the contents varied greatly.The contents of these compounds decreased in fruits,leaves and stems of Aristolochia delavayi successively.Conclusion:This method has the advantages of less sample dosage,simple operation,short analysis cycle,high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy.It laid a good foundation for guiding the safety of HCAAs,the in-depth study of pharmacological and toxicological effects and the scientific and standardized processing and compatibility of HCAAs.
查看更多>>摘要：Objective:A typical case of Xianling Gubao(XLGB)Tablets-induced liver injury was systematically stud-ied in the clinic and the laboratory.Methods:A patient with herb-induced liver injury(HILI)and a history of taking XLGB Tablets before dis-ease onset was engaged as the study subject,and the case was diagnosed according to the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method(RUCAM)and the integrated evidence chain(iEC)method recommended by the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Herb-induced Liver Injury(HILI Guidelines).Results:Clinical history,biochemical indexes and imaging tests were used to exclude the influence of fundamental diseases and confusing liver diseases such as viral,alcoholic and autoimmune liver diseases on the diagnosis.Based on an investigation of the patient's medication history,she was suspected to have HILI caused by XLGB Tablets,as the patient was only taking an oral preparation of XLGB Tablets,and the influence of other drugs on the diagnosis was excluded.This patient with alanine aminotransferase(ALT)≥ 3 × upper limit of normal(ULN)and a calculated R of 6 was diagnosed with possible acute drug-induced hepatocellular injury.The relationship was considered"highly probable"(score of 9)using the updated RUCAM of 2016.Moreover,the fingerprint similarity between the preparation taken by the patient and a commercially available preparation was 0.99,suggesting that the patient was consuming XLGB Tablets rather than another drug.LC-MS technology and the Agilent Fake TCM-Drugs database were used to investigate the drug,and no chemical additions were found.Examination of the drug for pesticide residues,heavy metals,aflatoxins and other exogenous substances indicated compliance with the content limits of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Conclusion:In summary,the final diagnosis of XLGB-induced liver injury reached the clinical diagnosis of HILI and was acute severe hepatocellular injury type by the updated RUCAM and iEC.Therefore,this study provides scientific evidence regarding the causality evaluation of compound preparations of tradi-tional Chinese medicines-induced liver injury.
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