查看更多>>摘要：In this article we give an overview of the state of the art of salinity gradient technologies.We first introduce the concept of salinity gradient energy,before describing the current state of development of the most advanced of these technologies.We conclude with the new trends in the young field of salinity gradient technologies.
Maryam Yazdan MehrWillem Dirk van DrielG.Q.(Kouchi) Zhang
170-178页
查看更多>>摘要：In this paper,progresses of color maintenance,also known as color shift,in solid-state lighting (SSL) systems are thoroughly reviewed.First,color shift is introduced and a few examples are given from different real-life industrial conditions.Different degradation mechanisms in different parts of the system are also explained.Different materials used as lenses/encapsulants in light-emitting diode (LED)-based products are introduced and their contributions to color shift are discussed.Efforts put into standardization,characterizing,and predicting lumen maintenance are also briefly reviewed in this paper.
查看更多>>摘要：Metamaterials are composite materials whose material properties (acoustic,electrical,magnetic,or optical,etc.) are determined by their constitutive structural materials,especially the unit cells.The development of metamaterials continues to redefine the boundaries of materials science.In the field of electromagnetic research and beyond,these materials offer excellent design flexibility with their customized properties and their tunability under external stimuli.In this paper,we first provide a literature review of metamaterials with a focus on the technology and its evolution.We then discuss steps in the industrialization process and share our own experience.
查看更多>>摘要：This paper reviews the development of current research in bulk glassy alloys by focusing on the trigger point for the synthesis of the first bulk glassy alloys by the conventional mold casting method.This review covers the background,discovery,characteristics,and applications of bulk glassy alloys,as well as recent topics regarding them.Applications of bulk glassy alloys have been expanding,particularly for Fe-based bulk glassy alloys,due to their unique properties,high glass-forming ability,and low cost.In the near future,the engineering importance of bulk glassy alloys is expected to increase steadily,and continuous interest in these novel metallic materials for basic science research is anticipated.
查看更多>>摘要：Functional crystals are the basic materials for the development of modern science and technology and are playing key roles in the modern information era.In this paper,we review functional crystals in China,including research history,significant achievements,and important applications by highlighting the most recent progress in research.Challenges for the development of functional materials are discussed and possible directions for development are proposed by focusing on potential strengths of these materials.
查看更多>>摘要：Materials-development projects for advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) power plants with steam temperatures of 700 ℃ and above have been performed in order to achieve high efficiency and low CO2 emissions in Europe,the US,Japan,and recently in China and India as well.These projects involve the replacement of martensitic 9％-12％ Cr steels with nickel (Ni)-base alloys for the highest temperature boiler and turbine components in order to provide sufficient creep strength at 700 ℃ and above.To minimize the requirement for expensive Ni-base alloys,martensitic 9％-12％ Cr steels can be applied to the next highest temperature components of an A-USC power plant,up to a maximum of 650 ℃.This paper comprehensively describes the research and development of Ni-base alloys and martensitic 9％-12％ Cr steels for thick section boiler and turbine components of A-USC power plants,mainly focusing on the long-term creep-rupture strength of base metal and welded joints,strength loss in welded joints,creep-fatigue properties,and microstructure evolution during exposure at elevated temperatures.
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