查看更多>>摘要：Alongside the rapid development of flexible and wearable electronics,the search for reliable,safe,and high-energy rechargeable flexible batteries(FBs)has become a research hotspot in recent years.Although there are some prototype FBs exhibited by the indus-try and a rapidly increasing number of publications reported by academia,most demonstrations are shown on a laboratory scale,and it is still difficult to find real implementation of the technology in the market.This perspective aims to discuss and analyze the key metrics,including energy density,flexibility,and safety,that are critical to pushing FBs to a com-mercially viable level,with a special focus on the lithium batteries and zinc batteries most reported in the literature.We first compare the figure of merit of FBs(fbFOM)of existing lithium-based and zinc-based FBs with the requirement for market applications.We then analyze the most desired cell configurations toward high flexibility,followed by systematic discus-sions on features and materials selection toward high energy density FBs.Third,we discuss strategies to enhance battery safety.An outlook of the future developments needed to address the gaps between the state-of-the-art demonstrations and real applica-tions is provided at the end of this article.
查看更多>>摘要：Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2)to valuable fuels is an up-and-coming approach.Owing to the low cost,environmental friendliness,and high selectivity to formate single product at low over-potentials,bismuth(Bi)-based catalysts have attracted extensive research attention.In this review,the reaction mechanisms of Bi-based catalysts are first introduced,and the bimetallic Bi-based catalysts synthesized by alloying,doping,and loading strate-gies are reviewed from the aspects of catalyst com-ponent,morphology,synthesis procedure,and performance optimization for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.We provide an in-depth discussion of the existing challenges and an outlook for this highly promising kind of electrocatalysis.
查看更多>>摘要：Plasmon coupling architectures with specific spatial and orientational arrangement configurations pos-sess unique and tailored plasmonic properties and hold promise for advancements in nano-optics,nanoantennas,and biosensors.Numerous research has focused on the construction of plasmonic assem-blies with predetermined configurations.DNA nanos-tructures with arbitrary geometry,high compatibility with metal nanoparticles,and spatial addressability meet the requirement for precise spatial and orienta-tion arrangement.Currently,DNA nanostructures are widely exploited as structural materials to generate plasmonic structures with well-defined topologies.We review the evolution of DNA nanostructure-guided plasmon coupling architectures,including the introduction of DNA nanostructures,DNA modifica-tion on the surface of plasmonic nanoparticles,and three strategies for constructing complex plasmonic nanostructures.Then we focus on the emerging appli-cations of DNA nanostructure-guided architectures with engineered local electromagnetic enhancement for modulating plasmon coupling,amplifying emitter signals,and serving as biosensors.Finally,we will critically discuss the challenges and opportunities in this field.
查看更多>>摘要：Ionic thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters are rarely investigated due to their poor photoluminescence and electroluminescence performance.Herein,highly efficient ionic TADF emitters with charged donor-acceptor(D-A+)and D-A+-D architectures are designed,innovatively based on the phosphonium cation electron acceptor.The symmetric D-A+-D compound in doped film exhibits a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 0.91 and a short emission lifetime of 1.43 microse-conds.Partially solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes based on these ionic TADF emitters achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 18.3％and a peak luminance of 14,532 can-delas per square meter(cd/m2)and show a small efficiency roll-off of 7.1％(EQE=17％)at a practical high luminance of 1000 cd/m2.These results demon-strate the high potential of phosphonium cations as promising electron acceptors to construct TADF emitters for high-performance electroluminescence devices.The current study opens up an appealing way for future exploitation of high-efficiency ionic TADF materials.
查看更多>>摘要：Constructing blue thermally activated delayed-fluorescence materials for high-performance organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remains challenging due to the intrinsically strong intramolecular charge transfer nature of the nearly orthogonal connection of electron donor(D)and acceptor(A),which results in long-wavelength emission.Herein,an effective delayed-fluorescence design strategy of modulating D-A torsion angles is proposed and efficient sky-blue,pure-blue,and deep-blue delayed-fluorescence mole-cules consisting of a xanthenone acceptor and carba-zole-based donors are created by decreasing the torsion angles.They exhibit strong delayed fluores-cence with high photoluminescence quantum yields of 85-94％in doped films,and their delayed-fluores-cence lifetimes are elongated from 1.0 to 27.6 μs as the torsion angles decrease.These molecules can func-tion as excellent emitters in OLEDs,providing efficient electroluminescence peaking at 442 nm(CIEx,y=0.15,0.08),462 nm(CIEx,y=0.15,0.18),and 482 nm(ClEx,y=0.17,0.30)with state-of-the-art external quantum efficiencies of up to 22.2％,33.7％,and 32.1％,respectively,demonstrating the proposed mo-lecular design for efficient blue delayed-fluorescence molecules is successful and promising.
查看更多>>摘要：Radical-containing porous organic polymers(POPs)have drawn great interest in various applications.However,the synthesis of radical POPs remains chal-lenging due to the unstable nature of organic radi-cals.Here,a persistent and stable three-dimensional silicon-diacetylene porous organic radical polymer was synthesized via a classic Eglinton homocou-pling reaction of tetraethynylsilane.The presence of carbon radicals in this material was confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance,and its paramag-netic behavior was analyzed by a superconducting quantum interference device.This unique material has a low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)energy level(-5.47 eV)and a small energy gap(ca.1.46 eV),which shows long-term cycling stability and excellent rate capability as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries,demonstrating po-tential application in energy fields.
查看更多>>摘要：Efforts to develop organometallic complexes for cat-alytic nitrogen reduction have seen significant prog-ress in recent years.However,the strategies for improving the activity of the homogenous catalysts have mainly focused on alternating ligands and metals.Herein,we report that the activity and stability of a PN3P-Mo pincer complex(2)toward dinitrogen(N2)reduction were greatly enhanced through post-modification of the PN3P pincer framework of its parent complex(1).A high ratio of NH3/Mo(3525)was achieved in the presence of Sml2 as a reductant.In sharp contrast,1 only afforded an NH3/Mo ratio of 21.Moreover,when supported by an anionic pincer ligand,2 furnished a high oxidation state Mo(Ⅴ)-nitride complex via N2 cleavage as a plausible key intermediate in the catalytic process,suggesting a catalytic cycle that may involve different oxidation states(Ⅱ/Ⅴ)from those with 10-n electron configura-tion in the literature.
查看更多>>摘要：Photodynamic antibacterial therapy(PDAT)is a kind of rejuvenating strategy that combats bacterial infec-tion due to its admirable characteristics of noninva-siveness and broad-spectrum antibacterial capability.However,the efficiency of PDAT can be greatly hin-dered by limited light irradiation.Herein,we propose an enhanced PDAT by employing photonic composite films(PCFs)via slow photon and multiple scattering effects.The PCFs are obtained by UV light-initiated polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)phenyl ether acrylate with a self-assembled SiO2 colloidal particle array,followed by the deposition of photosensitizers(PSs).The PCFs can prompt the PSs with matched absorption,which are deposited on their surface,to sufficiently utilize the incident light and generate more reactive oxygen species based on the slow photon phenomenon of photonic crystals and multiple scat-tering effects of the SiO2 colloidal particles.This find-ing demonstrates the great potential and significance of PCFs in the field of PDAT,which may reduce the requirements of excitation equipment and avoid damage to normal tissues from exposure to huge light energy.
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