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中国科学:技术科学（英文版）
中国科学:技术科学（英文版）

周光召

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中国科学:技术科学（英文版）/Journal Science China Technological SciencesCSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Review on research and development of oxy-coal burner for carbon capture

    GUO JunJunLIU JingZhangZHANG TaiHU Fan...
    647-672页
    查看更多>>摘要：In the past two decades,the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal has been extensively developed,leading to the completion of several large industrial pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide.Various types of oxy-fuel burners have been designed and tested in large-scale pilot plants as key components of oxy-fuel combustion.These burners face major challenges in terms of their flame stability because of their decreasing stream momentum ratio and increasing carbon dioxide concentration.However,it offers flexibility in adjusting the oxygen concentration in each burner stream.This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art knowledge on oxy-coal burner design and operation in power plants.First,the combustion characteristics under oxy-fuel conditions are briefly introduced.Subsequently,the principal requirements and fundamental parameters of the oxy-coal burners are discussed.The development process of oxy-fuel burners is also presented.Moreover,a compatible design strategy and scaling-up techniques are described for oxy-coal burners developed by the authors over the past ten years.The performances of oxy-coal burners in three large pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide are summarized and compared.Finally,concluding remarks are provided and potential research needs are suggested.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Design,modeling,and evaluation of parallel continuum robots:A survey

    CHEN GenLiangTANG ShuJieDUAN XuYangWANG Hao...
    673-695页
    查看更多>>摘要：Parallel continuum robots(PCRs)have attracted increasing attention in the robotics community due to their simplicity in structure,inherence with compliance,and easiness of realization.Over the past decade,a variety of novel designs have been reported to enrich their diversity.However,there is a lack of systematic review of these emerging robots.To this end,this paper conducts a comprehensive survey on the mechanism design,kinetostatic modeling and analysis,and performance evaluation.For these robots,kinetostatic modeling plays a fundamental role throughout the design,analysis,and control stages.A systematic review of the existing approaches for kinetostatic modeling and analysis is provided,and a comparison is made to distinguish their differences.As well,a classification is made according to the characteristics of structure and actuation.In addition,performance evaluation on the workspace,stability,and singularity is also overviewed.Finally,the scenarios of potential applications are elaborated,and future research prospects are discussed.We believe that the information provided in this paper will be particularly useful for those who are interested in PCRs.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Ultrafast laser-chemical modification hybrid fabrication of hydrostatic bearings with a superhydrophobicity solid-liquid interface

    GUO MingHuiRONG YouMinHUANG YuFENG XiaoLin...
    696-708页
    查看更多>>摘要：Oil film vortex severely reduces the stability of hydrostatic bearings.A solid-liquid interface with drag and slip properties can weaken the oil film vortex of the bearing.Here,a combined picosecond laser ablation and chemical modification method is proposed to prepare surfaces with microbulge array structure on 6061 aluminum alloy substrates.Because of the low surface energy of the perfluorododecyltriethoxysilane modification and the bulge geometry of the microbulge array structure,the surface shows excellent superhydrophobicity.The optimum contact angle in air for water is 164°,and that for oil is 139°.Two surfaces with"lotus-leaf effect"and"rose-petal effect"were obtained by controlling the processing parameters.The drag reduction properties of superhydrophobic surfaces were systematically investigated with slip lengths of 22.26 and 36.25 μm for deionized water and VG5 lubricant,respectively.In addition,the superhydrophobic surface exhibits excellent mechanical durability and thermal stability.The proposed method provides a new idea for vortex suppression in hydrostatic bearings and improves the stability of bearings in high-speed operation.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Dynamics modeling and electromechanical coupling characteristics analysis of cage induction motors

    ZHOU ZiWeiCHEN ZaiGangZHAI WanMing
    709-724页
    查看更多>>摘要：Induction motors,as typical electromechanical energy conversion devices,have received limited attention in previous studies on electromechanical coupling vibrations,precise modeling,and the use of electromechanical coupling effects for fault diagnosis and condition assessment in motor drive systems.This study proposes a comprehensive model of cage induction motors that integrates the multiple coupled circuit model with a rotor-bearing dynamics model.The model accounts for the linear increase in the magnetomotive force across the slot and incorporates the skidding characteristics of bearings in the rotor-bearing system.By calculating the time-varying mutual inductance parameters based on the air-gap distribution in the vibration environment,the electromechanical coupling vibration of the cage motor is investigated.Furthermore,this study examines the electromechanical coupling vibration characteristics influenced by various factors,including bearing clearances,radial loads,and the vertical excitation frequencies of the stators.The results show that the proposed model improves the excitation inputs for the electrical and mechanical systems of the motor compared with conventional models.Increased bearing clearance and radial load affect the current and torque similarly but have opposite effects on the slip ratio.This study provides a deeper understanding of elec-tromechanical coupling mechanisms and facilitates the use of such phenomena for fault diagnosis and condition assessment in motor-driven systems.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    A calibration and compensation method for an industrial robot with high accuracy harmonic reducers

    ZHAO YiYangLIU XunCAO JiaBinLIU JinYu...
    725-739页
    查看更多>>摘要：Industrial serial robots need high stiffness to keep absolute pose accuracy and meet the requirements in practical applications.However,the weak stiffness feature of robot joints and the payloads affected on robot end-effector,which will also increase the pose error of robot.Especially,the existing calibration methods often consider under no-payload condition without discussing the payload state.In this paper,we report a new industrial serial robot composed by a new harmonic reducer:Model-Y,based on high accuracy and high stiffness,and a kinematic parameter calibration algorithm which is based on a harmonic reducer force-deformation model.To decrease the accuracy effects of payload,an iterative calibration method for kinematic parameters with payload situation was proposed.Simulation and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed calibration method using the self-developed industrial serial robot.The results show a remarkably improved accuracy in absolute position and orientation with the robot's payload range.The position mean error has 70％decreased to 0.1 mm and the orientation mean error diminished to less than 0.01° after calibration with compensation.Additionally,online linear and circular tests are carried out to evaluate the position error of the robot during large-scale spatial and low-speed continuous movement.The accuracy is consistent with the previous calibration results,indicating the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed strategy in this article.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    High-static-low-dynamic stiffness isolator based on an electromagnetic negative stiffness spring with long linear stroke

    YUAN ShuJinWU YaJunSONG DaiPingPU HuaYan...
    740-752页
    查看更多>>摘要：Negative stiffness mechanisms can improve low-frequency vibration isolation performance and have been widely used in the vibration isolation of precision equipment.However,the negative stiffness mechanism usually introduces a nonlinear stiffness,resulting in a nonlinear response and worsening the vibration isolation performance,especially under large amplitude vibration.In this paper,an electromagnetic spring with linear negative stiffness(ESLNS)is proposed,in which the antagonistic ampere forces of the energized coils are used to generate negative stiffness within a long linear stroke.The magnetic field distribution is improved through the design of the magnetic circuit,thereby increasing the stiffness generation efficiency.The stiffness can be adjusted bidirectionally by current within the range of positive and negative stiffness.An electromagnetic stiffness model was established based on the equivalent magnetic circuit method.Experimental measurements verified the accuracy of the model and proved the linearity of the electromagnetic spring.A vibration isolator with high static and low dynamic stiffness(HSLDS)based on the ESLNS is designed and tested.The experimental results prove that the introduction of the ESLNS can effectively expand the isolation frequency band without changing the equilibrium position.Moreover,the vibration isolator with ESLNS does not produce nonlinear response.The proposed electromagnetic spring with linear negative stiffness extends the application range of HSLDS isolators to a large amplitude vibration environment.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Effectively improving the extreme-pressure capacity of a class of intercalated zirconium phosphate materials

    NIU WenXingZHAO XinRuiYUAN MinHOU ZhiGuo...
    753-764页
    查看更多>>摘要：We studied different long-chain ammonium ions intercalated zirconium phosphate α-ZrP,methylamine intercalated ZrP(MA-ZrP),tetramethylammonium hydroxide intercalated ZrP(TMAH-ZrP),dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide intercalated ZrP(DTAB-ZrP),and stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide intercalated ZrP(STAB-ZrP)as grease co-additives in combination with isobutylene sulfide(SIB).The grease with co-additives displayed excellent extreme-pressure and anti-wear performance.Moreover,the combination of the longest chain ammonium ion intercalated zirconium phosphate,STAB-ZrP/SIB,had the best tribological properties.In comparison to α-ZrP,the advantage of STAB-ZrP was that it did not form a large area of the dense physical film like α-ZrP on the worn surface,but rather gave the SIB a chance to contact with the fresh metal surface to generate a chemical film.Therefore,the sub-micron physical film and nanoscale chemical film always exist side by side on the contact surface during the friction process.This intercalated α-ZrP/SIB additive has great potential for use in harsh operating conditions.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Ferroelectric-controlled graphene plasmonic surfaces for all-optical neuromorphic vision

    CHEN JianBoLIU YuLI ShangDongLIN Lin...
    765-773页
    查看更多>>摘要：Artificial visual systems can recognize desired objects and information from complex environments,and are therefore highly desired for pattern recognition,object detection,and imaging applications.However,state-of-the-art artificial visual systems with high recognition performances that typically consist of electronic devices face the challenges of requiring huge storage space and high power consumption owing to redundant data.Here,we report a terahertz(THz)frequency-selective surface using a graphene split-ring resonator driven by ferroelectric polarization for efficient visual system applications.The downward polarization of the ferroelectric material offers an ultrahigh electrostatic field for doping p-type graphene with an anticipated Fermi level.By optimizing the geometric parameters of the devices and modulating the carrier behaviors of graphene,our plasmonic devices exhibit a tunable spectral response in a range of 1.7-6.0 THz with continuous transmission values.The all-optical neural network using graphene plasmonic surfaces designed in this study exhibited excellent performance in visual pre-processing and convolutional filtering and achieved an ultrahigh recognition accuracy of up to 99.3％in training the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)handwritten digit dataset.These features demonstrate the great potential of graphene plasmonic devices for future smart artificial vision systems.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Biomimetic soft robotic wrist with 3-DOF motion and stiffness tunability based on ring-reinforced pneumatic actuators and a particle jamming joint

    HU TeTeLU XinJiangYI JianWANG YuHui...
    774-790页
    查看更多>>摘要：The human wrist,a complex articulation of skeletal muscles and two-carpal rows,substantially contributes to improvements in maneuverability by agilely performing three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF)orienting tasks and regulating stiffness according to variations in interaction forces.However,few soft robotic wrists simultaneously demonstrate dexterous 3-DOF motion and variable stiffness;in addition,they do not fully consider a soft-rigid hybrid structure of integrated muscles and two carpal rows.In this study,we developed a soft-rigid hybrid structure to design a biomimetic soft robotic wrist(BSRW)that is capable of rotating in the x and y directions,twisting around the z-axis,and possessing stiffness-tunable capacity.To actuate the BSRW,a lightweight soft-ring-reinforced bellows-type pneumatic actuator(SRBPA)with large axial,linear deformation(ηlcmax=70.6％,ηlemax=54.3％)and small radial expansion(ηdemax=3.7％)is designed to mimic the motion of skeletal muscles.To represent the function of two-carpal rows,a compact particle-jamming joint(PJJ)that combines particles with a membrane-covered ball-socket mechanism is developed to achieve various 3-DOF motions and high axial load-carrying capacity(＞60 N).By varying the jamming pressure,the stiffness of the PJJ can be adjusted.Finally,a centrally positioned PJJ and six independently actuated SRBPAs,which are in an inclined and antagonistic arrangement,are sandwiched between two rigid plates to form a flexible,stable,and compact BSRW.Such a structure enables the BSRW to have a dexterous 3-DOF motion,high load-carrying ability,and stiffness tunability.Experimental analysis verify 3-DOF motion of BSRW,producing force of 29.6 N and 36 N and torque of 2.2 Nm in corresponding rotations.Moreover,the range of rotational angle and stiffness-tuning properties of BSRW are studied by applying jamming pressure to the PJJ.Finally,a system combining a BSRW and a soft enclosing gripper is proposed to demonstrate outstanding manipulation capability in potential applications.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    New method for multibody dynamics based on unknown constraint force

    TIAN YingJIA YingHongZHANG Jun
    791-808页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper presents a new method for the dynamics of multibody systems based on unknown constraint force.The method can uniformly solve multibody systems with typical configurations,including the system with rigid-flexible coupling,the system in tree topology,and the system with loop constraints.Unlike common methods,the proposed method can model the loop system without"cutting off'loop constraints,leading to the exact same modelling process as the tree-like system performs.Based on graph theory,a topological record matrix Mrec is proposed to capture the arbitrary system configuration.Moreover,constraint forces are selected as the key variables in semi-recursive framework.With the recursive kinematics relationship between adjacent bodies,the constraint force equation is further assembled to achieve the full-state system solution.The numerical simulations demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普