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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）
中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）

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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Physics, Mechanics&Astronomy)CSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Harnessing data using symbolic regression methods for discovering novel paradigms in physics

    Jianyang GuoWan-Jian Yin
    1-11页
    查看更多>>摘要：In recent years,machine-learning methods have profoundly impacted research in the interdisciplinary fields of physics.How-ever,most machine-learning models lack interpretability,and physicists doubt the credibility of their conclusions because they cannot be combined with prior physical knowledge.Therefore,this review focuses on symbolic regression,which is an interpretable machine-learning method.First,the relevant concepts of machine learning are introduced in conjunction with induction.Next,we provide an overview of symbolic regression methods.Subsequently,the recent directions for the application of symbolic regression methods in different subfields of physics are outlined,and an overview of the ways in which the applications of symbolic regression have evolved in the realm of physics is provided.The major aim of this review is to introduce the basic principles of symbolic regression and explain its applications in the field of physics.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Non-adiabatic holonomic quantum operations in continuous variable systems

    Hao-Long ZhangYi-Hao KangFan WuZhen-Biao Yang...
    12-19页
    查看更多>>摘要：Quantum operations by utilizing the underlying geometric phases produced in physical systems are favoured due to their potential robustness.When a system in a non-degenerate eigenstate undergoes an adiabatically cyclic evolution dominated by its Hamil-tonian,it will get a geometric phase,referred to as the Berry Phase.While a non-adiabatically cyclic evolution produces an Aharonov-Anandan geometric phase.The two types of Abelian geometric phases are extended to the non-Abelian cases,where the phase factors become matrix-valued and the transformations associated with different loops are non-commutable.Abelian and non-Abelian(holonomic)operations are prevalent in discrete variable systems,whose limited(say,two)energy levels,form the qubit.While their developments in continuous systems have also been investigated,mainly due to that,bosonic modes(in,such as,cat states)with large Hilbert spaces,provide potential advantages in fault-tolerant quantum computation.Here we propose a feasible scheme to realize non-adiabatic holonomic quantum logic operations in continuous variable systems with cat codes.We construct arbitrary single-qubit(two-qubit)gates with the combination of single-and two-photon drivings applied to a Kerr Parametric Oscillator(KPO)(the coupled KPOs).Our scheme relaxes the requirements of the previously proposed quantum geometric operation strategies in continuous variable systems,providing an effective way for quantum control.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Quantum squeezing induced nonreciprocal phonon laser

    Tian-Xiang LuYan WangKeyu XiaXing Xiao...
    20-30页
    查看更多>>摘要：Phonon lasers or coherent amplifications of mechanical oscillations are powerful tools for fundamental studies on coherent acous-tics and hold potential for diverse applications,ranging from ultrasensitive force sensing to phononic information processing.Here,we propose the use of an optomechanical resonator coupled to a nonlinear optical resonator for directional phonon lasing.We find that by pumping the nonlinear optical resonator,directional optical squeezing can occur along the pump direction.As a result,we can achieve the directional mechanical gain using directional optical squeezing,thereby leading to nonreciprocal phonon lasing with a well-tunable directional power threshold.Our work proposes a feasible way to build nonreciprocal phonon lasers with various nonlinear optical media,which are important for a wide range of applications,such as directional acoustic amplifiers,invisible sound sensing or imaging,and one-way phononic networks.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Dynamical switchable quantum nonreciprocity induced by off-resonant chiral two-photon driving

    Da-Wei LiuZi-Hao LiShi-Lei ChaoYing Wu...
    31-37页
    查看更多>>摘要：Optical nonreciprocity,which refers to the direction-dependent emission,scattering and absorption of photons,plays a very im-portant role in quantum engineering and quantum information processing.Here,we propose an all-optical approach to achieve the optical dynamical switchable quantum nonreciprocity by an off-resonant chiral two-photon driving in a single microring cavity,which differs from the conventional nonreciprocal schemes.It is shown that the optical field with time-dependent statistical prop-erties can be generated and the nonreciprocity flips periodically,with switchable photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling effects.We find that the dynamical system is robust and immune to the parameter variations,which loosens the parameter range of system.Meanwhile,the time window for one-way quantum information is sufficiently wide and tunable.Our work opens a new idea for the current quantum nonreciprocal research,which can facilitate a memory functionality and be used for future in-memory superconducting quantum compute.The other nonreciprocal quantum devices,i.e.,dynamical switchable nonreciprocal squeezing and entanglement,may be inspired by our method,which is expected to have important applications in future quantum technology.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Theoretical study of superradiant masing with solid-state spins at room temperature

    Qilong WuYuan ZhangHao WuShi-Lei Su...
    38-47页
    查看更多>>摘要：Steady-state superradiance and superradiant lasing attract significant attentions in the field of optical lattice clocks,but have not been achieved yet due to the technical challenges and atom loss problem.In this article,we propose that their counter-part may be observed in the microwave domain with solid-state spins,i.e.,nitrogen-vacancy center spins and pentacene molecular spins,coupled to microwave resonator at room temperature with realistic technical restrictions.To validate our proposal,we investigate systematically the system dynamics and steady-state by solving quantum master equations for the multi-level and multi-process dynamics of trillions of spins.Our calculations show that the superradiant Rabi oscillations occur firstly due to transitions among different Dicke states,and the subsequent continuous-wave superradiant masing can achieve a linewidth well below mil-lihertz.Our work may guide further exploration of transient and steady-state superradiant masing with the mentioned and other solid-state spins systems.The ultra-narrow linewidth may find applications in deep-space communications,radio astronomy and high-precision metrology.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Reveal the lost entanglement for accelerated atoms in the high-dimensional spacetime

    Jiatong YanBaocheng ZhangQingyu Cai
    48-57页
    查看更多>>摘要：When atoms are accelerated in the vacuum,entanglement among atoms will degrade compared with the initial situation before the acceleration.In this study,we propose a novel and interesting view that the lost entanglement can be recovered completely when the high-dimensional spacetime is exploited,in the case that the acceleration is not too large,since the entanglement loss rate caused by the large acceleration is faster than the recovery process.We also calculate the entanglement change caused by the anti-Unruh effect and found that the lost entanglement could just be recovered part by the anti-Unruh effect,and the anti-Unruh effect could only appear for a finite range of acceleration when the interaction time scale is approximately shorter than the recip-rocal of the energy gap in two dimensional spacetime.The limit case of zero acceleration is also investigated,which gives an analytical interpretation for the increase or recovery of entanglement.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Energy flux and waveforms by coalescing spinless binary system in effective one-body theory

    Sheng LongWeike DengJiliang Jing
    58-68页
    查看更多>>摘要：We present a study on the energy radiation rate and waveforms of the gravitational wave generated by coalescing spinless binary systems up to the third post-Minkowskian approximation in the effective one-body theory.To derive an analytical expansion of the null tetrad components of the gravitational perturbed Weyl tensor Ψ4 in the effective spacetime,we utilize the method pro-posed by Sasaki et al.During this investigation,we discover more general integral formulas that provide a theoretical framework for computing the results in any order.Subsequently,we successfully compute the energy radiation rate and waveforms of the gravitational wave,which include the results of the Schwarzschild case and the correction terms resulting from the dimensionless parameters a2 and a3 in the effective metric.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Boson star superradiance

    He-Yu GaoPaul M.SaffinYi-Jie WangQi-Xin Xie...
    69-78页
    查看更多>>摘要：Recently,it has been realized that in some systems internal space rotation can induce energy amplification for scattered waves,similar to rotation in real space.In particularly,it has been shown that energy extraction is possible for a Q-ball,a stationary non-topological soliton that is coherently rotating in its field space.In this paper,we generalize the analysis to the case of boson stars,and show that the same energy extraction mechanism still works for boson stars.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Energy-information trade-off induces continuous and discontinuous phase transitions in lateral predictive coding

    Zhen-Ye HuangRuyi ZhouMiao HuangHai-Jun Zhou...
    79-85页
    查看更多>>摘要：Lateral predictive coding is a recurrent neural network that.creates energy-efficient internal representations by exploiting statis-tical regularity in sensory inputs.Here,we analytically investigate the trade-off between information robustness and energy in a linear model of lateral predictive coding and numerically minimize a free energy quantity.We observed several phase transi-tions in the synaptic weight matrix,particularly a continuous transition that breaks reciprocity and permutation symmetry and builds cyclic dominance and a discontinuous transition with the associated sudden emergence of tight balance between excitatory and inhibitory interactions.The optimal network follows an ideal gas law over an extended temperature range and saturates the efficiency upper bound of energy use.These results provide theoretical insights into the emergence and evolution of complex internal models in predictive processing systems.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    3D nano-printed geometric phase metasurfaces for generating accelerating beams with complex amplitude manipulation

    Tianchen TangSaima KanwalYongzheng LuYuelong Li...
    86-95页
    查看更多>>摘要：Metasurface,a forefront in emerging optical devices,has demonstrated remarkable potential for complex amplitude manip-ulation of light beams.However,prevailing approaches face challenges in spatial resolution and complexities associated with integrating dynamic phases,impeding the simplified design and reproducible fabrication of metasurfaces.Here,we introduce an innovative approach for complex amplitude modulation within 3D nano-printed geometric phase metasurfaces.Our approach enables the generation of self-accelerating beams by encoding amplitude through phase-only manipulation,achieving high spatial resolution.Notably;this method circumvents the conventional need to adjust the geometric parameters of metasurface unit structures for amplitude manipulation,offering a streamlined and efficient route for design and fabrication complexity.This novel methodology holds promise for expedited and low-cost manufacturing of complex amplitude manipulation metasurfaces.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普