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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）
中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）

周光召

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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Physics, Mechanics&Astronomy)CSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Effective integration of highly-efficient focusing apodized grating and quantum dots on a solid substrate for scalable quantum photonic circuits

    Beimeng YaoRongbin SuShunfa LiuChangkun Song...
    99-107页
    查看更多>>摘要：Recent advancements in quantum photonic circuits have significantly influenced the field of quantum information processing.The pursuit of an integrated quantum photonic circuit that offers an active,stable platform for large-scale integration and high process-ing efficiency remains a key objective.The grating coupler,as a crucial element for an efficient transformation output interface in the integrated quantum photonic circuits,presents significant potential for practical applications.Here,we demonstrate the integration block of a highly efficient shallow-etched focusing apodized grating coupler with indium arsenide(InAs)quantum dots(QDs)in gallium arsenide(GaAs)on a SiO2 substrate for active quantum photonic circuits.The designed grating couplers possess a high efficiency over 90％in the broadband(900-930 nm)from the circuit to free space,and a nearly-perfect match with the fiber mode.Experimentally,the efficiency to free space reaches 81.8％,and the match degree with the fiber mode is high up to 92.1％.The proposed integration block offers the potential for large-scale integration of active quantum photonic circuits due to its stable solid substrate and highly performant output for quantum measurements.
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    Velocity transformation for compressible wall-bounded turbulence——An approach through the mixing length hypothesis

    Xuke ZhuYubin SongXiaoshuo YangZhenhua Xia...
    108-125页
    查看更多>>摘要：In an endeavor to establish a connection between the mean velocity profile in compressible wall-bounded turbulence and its incompressible analogue,a refined version of the Trettel and Larsson's(TL)transformation is systematically derived and rigor-ously assessed across diverse flow scenarios.Incorporating the recently proposed intrinsic compressibility effects and modeling the multi-layer structure of mixing lengths,the proposed transformation demonstrates exceptional performance in collapsing 57 canonical flow cases,including cooled channel and pipe flows,channel flows with pseudo heat sources,as well as adiabatic and diabatic boundary layer flows.Furthermore,the transformation seamlessly extends to low Reynolds number cooled channel and pipe flows,achieving a level of accuracy unparalleled by other transformations in the current state-of-the-art.
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    Encoding innumerable charge density waves of FeGe into polymorphs of LiFe6Ge6

    Yilin Wang
    126-132页
    查看更多>>摘要：Kagome metals exhibit rich quantum states by the intertwining of lattice,charge,orbital and spin degrees of freedom.Recently,a novel charge density wave(CDW)ground state was discovered in kagome magnet FeGe and was revealed to be driven by lowering magnetic energy via large Gel-dimerization.Here,based on DFT calculations,we show that such mechanism will yield infinitely many metastable CDWs in FeGe due to different ways to arrange the Gel-dimerization in enlarged superstructures.Intriguingly,utilizing these metastable CDWs,innumerable polymorphs of kagome magnet LiFe6Ge6 can be stabilized by filling Li atoms in the voids right above/below the dimerized Gel-sites in the CDW superstructures.Such polymorphs are very stable due to the presence of magnetic-energy-saving mechanism,in sharp contrast to the non-magnetic"166"kagome compounds.In this way,a one-to-one mapping of the metastable CDWs of FeGe to stable polymorphs of LiFe6Ge6 is established.On one hand,the fingerprints of these metastable CDWs,i.e.,the induced in-plane atomic distortions and band gaps,are encoded into the corresponding stable polymorphs of LiFe6Ge6,such that further study of their properties becomes possible.On the other hand,such innumerable polymorphs of LiFe6Ge6 offer great degrees of freedom to explore the rich physics of magnetic kagome metals.We thus reveal a novel connection between the unusually abundant CDWs and structural polymorphism in magnetic kagome materials,and establish a new route to obtain structural polymorphism on top of CDW states.
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    Classification of high-ordered topological nodes towards Moiré flat bands in twisted bilayers

    Fan CuiCongcong LeQiang ZhangXianxin Wu...
    133-147页
    查看更多>>摘要：At magic twisted angles,Dirac cones in twisted bilayer graphene(TBG)can evolve into flat bands,serving as a critical play-ground for the study of strongly correlated physics.When chiral symmetry is introduced,rigorous mathematical proof confirms that the flat bands are locked at zero energy in the entire Moiré Brillouin zone(BZ).Yet,TBG is not the sole platform that exhibits this absolute band flatness.Central to this flatness phenomenon are topological nodes and their specific locations in the BZ.In this study,considering twisted bilayer systems that preserve chiral symmetry,we classify various ordered topological nodes in base layers and all possible node locations across different BZs.Specifically,we constrain the node locations to rotational centers,such as Γ and M points,to ensure the interlayer coupling retains equal strength in all directions.Using this classification as a foundation,we systematically identify the conditions under which Moiré flat bands emerge.Additionally,through the extension of holomorphic functions,we provide proof that flat bands are locked at zero energy,shedding light on the origin of the band flatness.Remarkably,beyond Dirac cones,numerous twisted bilayer nodal platforms can host flat bands with a degeneracy num-ber of more than two,such as four-fold,six-fold,and eight-fold.This multiplicity of degeneracy in flat bands might unveil more complex and enriched correlation physics.
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    Flux phases in the extended Hubbard model on the triangular lattice

    Yuge ChenKun JiangYi ZhangJiangping Hu...
    148-153页
    查看更多>>摘要：Using the unrestricted Hartree-Fock variational method,we study the extended Hubbard model in the triangular lattice at 3/4 fill-ing.Due to the nesting instability of the Fermi surface,various density wave states compatible with the 2 × 2 supercell are found as the ground state by tuning the onsite and nearest neighbor repulsions U and V.Surprisingly,the flux phases with complex bond order parameters are realized in a wide range of the U-V phase diagram.They also acquire nontrivial topological properties due to the spontaneous breaking of the time-reversal symmetry.Our study suggests that the flux phases can be stabilized by the interplay between short-range repulsive interactions in correlated electron systems.
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    Embedded Majorana islands

    Jin-Xing HouAlex WestströmRui WangWen-Li Yang...
    154-164页
    查看更多>>摘要：Mesoscopic superconducting islands hosting Majorana zero modes(MZMs),or Majorana islands in short,offer a prototype of topological qubits.In this work we investigate theoretically the model of a generic Majorana island tunneling-coupled to a single-piece metallic substrate,hence an embedded Majorana island.We show the crucial consequences of an interplay between the topological ground states nonlocally addressed by the MZMs and the metallic bath with coherent electron propagation:on the one hand,the topological degeneracy on the Majorana island can be preserved,by virtue of the particle-hole symmetry,despite the apparent bath-induced coupling between MZMs;on the other hand,the electronic interference in the metallic bath may lead to profound alterations to the renormalization group behavior of the hybrid system towards low energy/temperature compared with conventional Kondo physics.This work serves to establish the model of embedded Majorana islands as an experimentally relevant and theoretically intriguing problem particularly in the direction of topological quantum computation.
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    Evidence for distortion-induced local electric polarization in α-RuCl3

    Xinrun MiDe HouXiao WangSabreen Hammouda...
    165-173页
    查看更多>>摘要：The spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator α-RuCl3 is a prime candidate for material realization of the Kitaev quantum spin liquid.While little attention has been paid to charge degrees of freedom,charge effects,such as electric polarization,may arise in this system.Here,we report distortion-induced local electric polarization in α-RuCl3 as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,second harmonic generation(SHG)and dielectric measurements.The SHG signal appears at room temperature and develops substantially in the Kitaev paramagnetic state when short-range spin correlations come into play.Despite sizable pyroelectric currents in the Kitaev paramagnetic state,the absence of hysteresis in the polarization-electric field(P-E)points to the short-range nature of electric polarization.This localized electric polarization is likely the result of distortion-induced charge di-merization,achieved through virtual hopping-induced charge redistribution.In addition,the electric polarization is boosted by short-range spin correlations via spin-phonon coupling in the Kitaev paramagnetic state.Our results emphasize the importance of charge degrees of freedom in α-RuCl3,which establish a novel platform to investigate charge effects in Kitaev materials.
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    The ALMaQUEST Survey XV:The dependence of the molecular-to-atomic gas ratios on resolved optical diagnostics

    Niankun YuZheng ZhengChao-Wei TsaiPei Zuo...
    174-196页
    查看更多>>摘要：The atomic-to-molecular gas conversion is a critical step in the baryon cycle of galaxies,which sets the initial conditions for sub-sequent star formation and influences the multi-phase interstellar medium.We compiled a sample of 94 nearby galaxies with observations of multi-phase gas contents by utilizing public H Ⅰ,CO,and optical IFU data from the MaNGA survey together with new FAST H Ⅰ observations.In agreement with previous results,our sample shows that the global molecular-to-atomic gas ratio(Rmol=log MH2/MHⅠ)is correlated with the global stellar mass surface density μ*with a Kendall's τ coefficient of 0.25 and p＜10-3,less tightly but still correlated with stellar mass and NUV-r color,and not related to the specific star formation rate(sSFR).The cold gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the HⅠ and CO global profile asymmetry and shape do not significantly rely on Rmol.Thanks to the availability of kpc-scale observations of MaNGA,we decompose galaxies into HⅡ,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT diagrams.With increasing Rmol,the fraction of HⅡ regions within 1.5 effective radius decreases slightly;the density distribution in the spatially resolved BPT diagram also changes significantly,suggesting changes in metallicity and ionization states.Galaxies with high Rmol tend to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendall's τ coefficient of 0.37(p＜10-3)and their central regions.Among all parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest relation with global Rmol.The dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and galaxy ionization states is weak.In contrast,the observed positive relation between oxygen abundance(μ*)and Rmol indicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metallicity(density).
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    Geometric approach to robust quantum control for time-varying noises

    Rebing Wu
    197-198页
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    Important step towards an understanding of the exotic Zc(3900)

    C.Hanhart
    199-200页
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