查看更多>>摘要：慢性吉兰-巴雷综合征，又称为慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病(chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, CIDP)，是一类由免疫介导的脱髓鞘性周围神经病。本研究分析1例以四肢麻木、疼痛伴无力为主要症状的CIDP患者的临床资料，结合文献回顾，从发病机制、临床表现、实验室检查及治疗方面探讨CIDP和糖尿病周围神经病变的鉴别。 Chronic Guillain-Barre syndrome, also known as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy(CIDP), is an immune-mediated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. This article analyzes the clinical data of a CIDP patient presenting primarily with limb numbness, pain, and weakness. Along with literature review, this study explores the differential diagnosis between CIDP and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in terms of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and treatment.
查看更多>>摘要：全球2型糖尿病患者人数仍在增加，其中肥胖问题不容忽视。肥胖不仅可能导致2型糖尿病的发生，也会进一步增加2型糖尿病患者的心血管疾病风险。因此，近年来2型糖尿病疾病管理的目标已经从控制血糖转变为"控糖、减重"双重管理。现有的减重策略包括生活方式干预、药物治疗和代谢手术，其中药物治疗的发展与日俱进。新型的双重或三重肠道激素受体激动剂的研发，将为2型糖尿病合并超重/肥胖患者提供更多治疗选择。 The global pandemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus is still ongoing, in which obesity has played a major role. Obesity not only contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes but also further increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes. In recent years, the management goals of diabetes care has shifted from glycemic control alone to dual " glycemic control and weight loss". Current weight loss strategies include lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy therapy, and metabolic surgery, with advancements being made particularly in pharmacological treatments. The novel dual or triple gut hormone receptor agonists hold promise for providing more treatment options for overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
查看更多>>摘要：第59届欧洲糖尿病研究学会(European Association for the Study of Diabetes, EASD)年会于2023年10月2日至6日在德国汉堡召开。在过去的数十年间，糖尿病临床诊治取得巨大进展，新型降糖药物尤其是基于胰升糖素样肽1受体及靶向双重/多重受体的疗法备受关注。这些药物在降糖、减重、改善代谢及至更多额外获益方面，均具有非常值得关注的前景。本文简要介绍本届EASD大会上的一些热点话题。 The 59th European Association for the Study of Diabetes(EASD) annual meeting was held in Hamburg, Germany from October 2nd to 6th, 2023. In the past decades, there have been significant advancements in the clinical management of diabetes. Novel anti-hyperglycemic medications, particularly those targeting the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and dual/multiple receptors, have garnered attention. These medications show great promise in glycemic control, weight reduction, metabolic improvements, and additional benefits. This article provided an overview of some of the key topics discussed at this EASD conference.
查看更多>>摘要：1型糖尿病是一种T细胞介导的好发于青少年的自身免疫性疾病，以胰岛β细胞进行性破坏、胰岛素绝对缺乏、高血糖为主要特征。1型糖尿病的发病机制较为复杂，目前认为其主要与免疫、环境、遗传有关。越来越多的证据表明，肠道菌群与1型糖尿病的发生密切相关。本文从固有免疫和适应性免疫角度，重点探讨了肠道菌群及其衍生物在1型糖尿病发生发展中的相关免疫机制和作用，并介绍了以肠道菌群为靶点治疗1型糖尿病的方法。 Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease that commonly affects adolescents, characterized by progressive destruction of pancreatic β-cells, absolute insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus is complex and is believed to be mainly associated with immunity, environment, and genetics. There is increasing evidence that gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence of type 1 diabetes mellitus. This article focuses on the immune mechanisms and roles of gut microbiota and its derivatives in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus from the perspectives of innate and adaptive immunity. Additionally, it introduces therapeutic approaches targeting gut microbiota for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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