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期刊信息/Journal information
中华医学遗传学杂志
四川大学
中华医学遗传学杂志

四川大学

张思仲

双月刊

1003-9406

cjmg@cma.org.cn

028-85501165

610041

四川省成都市人民南路三段17号(四川大学华西校区)

中华医学遗传学杂志/Journal Chinese Journal of Medical GeneticsCSCD北大核心CSTPCD
查看更多>>中华医学会主办，四川大学承办。本刊以报道我国医学遗传学、人类遗传学和相关领域的基础理论、技术方法等最新研究成果；以从事医学遗传学工作的各科临床医生、计划生育工作者、大专院校和科研单位有关人员为主要读者对象。设有述评、论著、技术与方法、综述、调查报告、遗传咨询、临床细胞遗传学、病例报告等栏目。 从1998年以来被美国《医学索引》（IM）、《化学文摘》（CA）、《工程索引》（EI）、ISI数据库的Biological Abstracts及BIOSIS Previews，波兰《哥白尼索引》（IC）,荷兰《医学文摘》（EM）和俄罗斯《文摘杂志》（AJ）等国际著名检索系统收录。
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    流产物基因组拷贝数变异检测应用及家庭再生育咨询的专家共识

    陈新李卓梁德生邬玲仟...
    129-134页
    查看更多>>摘要：胚胎染色体异常是导致自然流产的重要因素之一，具体包括染色体数目异常和片段重复/缺失，均属于基因组拷贝数变异的范畴。流产物基因组拷贝数变异检测不仅能够检测流产物中的染色体数目异常，还能够检测其染色体片段的重复/缺失，进而揭示夫妇携带的隐匿性基因组结构变异，明确诊断，指导其选择再生育的方式和产前诊断，避免再次流产和生育染色体病患儿。在前期大量循证医学证据的基础上，经中华预防医学会出生缺陷预防与控制专业委员会遗传病防控学组、中华医学会医学遗传学分会临床遗传学组、中国医师协会医学遗传医师分会遗传病产前诊断专业委员会共同成立专家组，讨论并提出"流产物基因组拷贝数变异检测应用及家庭再生育咨询的专家共识"，旨在为流产物基因组拷贝数变异检测应用和家庭再生育的遗传咨询提供指导。 Chromosomal aberrations including numerical abnormalities and segment duplications/deletions, as genome-wide copy number variations (CNVs), are a leading cause for spontaneous abortion. Analysis of abortive tissues for such CNVs can detect potential genomic variations in the couple and provide guidance for the choice of appropriate method to avoid further miscarriage or birth of child with chromosomal disorders. With evidence-based clinical data, an expert group jointly formed by the Genetic Disease Prevention and Control Group, Committee for Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Chinese Association of Preventive Medicine the Clinical Genetics Group, the Society of Medical Genetics, Chinese Medical Association the Professional Committee for Prenatal Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, the Society of Medical Geneticists, Chinese Medical Doctor Association has discussed and formulated this consensus, with an aim to provide guidance for the application of genomic CNVs detection for the abortive tissue and genetic counseling for family reproduction.

    基因组拷贝数变异自然流产再生育指导

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    天津市胎儿无创产前检测的临床应用研究及卫生经济学评价

    马瑞玉李晓洲徐松史云芳...
    135-142页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 探讨无创产前检测(NIPT)技术应用于胎儿常见染色体非整倍体产前筛查的临床应用效能及卫生经济学价值。 方法 选取2017年10月至2019年12月于天津医科大学总医院产前筛查门诊就诊的10 612例孕妇为研究对象。回顾性分析受试者的NIPT检测结果、后续产前诊断及随访结局，同时选取先后两个时间段内的NIPT检测数据，评估其作为二线/一线筛查手段对于诊断胎儿21、18、13三体综合征的卫生经济学效益。 结果 NIPT检测成功率为99.72%，混合风险人群胎儿21、18、13三体综合征筛查灵敏度分别为100%、92.86%、100%，阳性预测值(PPV)分别为89.74%、61.90%、44.44%，NIPT对性染色体非整倍体(SCA)的PPV为34.21%。除18三体综合征出现1例假阴性，21三体综合征、13三体综合征、性染色体及其他常染色体异常阴性预测值均达100%。血清学筛查高风险、高龄及合并胎儿超声软指标异常的孕妇，其NIPT检测高危率明显升高，NIPT检测的PPV在各人群亚组间无统计学差异。2017年至2019年，NIPT作为传统筛查的二线筛查具有较高的卫生经济学效益，但其作为一线筛查的增量成本-效果比与2015年至2017年相比有所下降。 结论 NIPT对于混合风险人群21、18、13三体综合征的筛查效能明显优于传统血清学筛查，对于性染色体异常的筛查效能相对较低。对于某些高风险人群，在进行充分检测前/后遗传咨询的情况下，NIPT也可作为优选筛查方案。从卫生经济学角度来看，随着检测成本的不断降低，除外筛查开放性神经管缺陷，NIPT将有可能取代传统血清学筛查。 Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and health economic value of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for the prenatal screening of common fetal chromosomal aneuploidies. Methods 10 612 pregnant women from October 2017 to December 2019 presented at the antenatal screening clinic of the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were selected as the study subjects. Results of NIPT and invasive prenatal diagnosis and follow-up outcome for the 10 612 pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Meanwhile, NIPT data for two periods were analyzed for assessing the health economic value of NIPT as the second- or first-tier screening strategy for the prenatal diagnosis of fetal trisomies 21, 18 and 13. Results The NIPT was successful in 10 582 (99.72%) subjects, with the sensitivity for fetal trisomies 21, 18 and 13 being 100%, 92.86% and 100%, and the positive predictive value (PPV) being 89.74%, 61.90% and 44.44%, respectively. The PPV of NIPT for sex chromosome aneuploidies was 34.21%. Except for one false negative case of trisomy 18, the negative predictive value for trisomy 21, trisomy 13 and other chromosomal abnormalities were 100%. For pregnant women with high risk by serological screening, advanced maternal age or abnormal ultrasound soft markers, NIPT has yielded a significantly increased high risk ratio. There was no statistical difference in the PPV of NIPT among pregnant women from each subgroup. NIPT would have higher health economic value as a second-tier screening until 2019, while compared to 2015 ~ 2017, its incremental cost-effectiveness ratio as a first-tier screening had declined clearly. Conclusion The screening efficacy of NIPT for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 for a mixed population is significantly better than conventional serological screening, but it is relatively low for sex chromosomal abnormalities. NIPT can also be recommended for populations with relatively high risks along with detailed pre- and post-test genetic counselling. From the perspective of health economics, except for open neural tube defects, it is possible for NIPT to replace the conventional serological screening in the future as its cost continues to decrease.

    无创产前检测染色体非整倍体产前筛查产前诊断卫生经济学

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    钼辅助因子缺乏症一个家系的单基因病胚胎植入前遗传学检测

    李湛周红舒金辉汪彩珠...
    143-147页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 对1个MOCS2基因变异所致钼辅助因子缺乏症家系进行单基因病胚胎植入前遗传学检测(PGT-M)。 方法 选取2020年4月于广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院就诊的1个钼辅助因子缺乏症家系为研究对象。通过卵胞浆内单精注射技术进行体外授精，将受精卵培养至囊胚期后，活检采集滋养层细胞，运用单细胞全基因组扩增、高通量测序及单核苷酸多态性连锁单体型分析等技术检测胚胎是否携带MOCS2基因变异和4 Mb以上的染色体拷贝数变异(CNV)，移植无或携带杂合变异且无染色体CNV的胚胎，妊娠成功后于孕中期进行羊水穿刺产前诊断，验证PGT-M的结果，并进行后续的妊娠随访。 结果 共获卵11枚，3枚成功发育为囊胚，PGT-M结果提示1枚携带母源性MOCS2基因杂合变异且无染色体CNV的胚胎可用于移植。胚胎解冻移植后获宫内单胎妊娠，孕18周羊水穿刺产前诊断提示胎儿的MOCS2基因携带情况和染色体分析结果与PGT-M结果一致，于孕37+5周活产1健康男婴。 结论 PGT-M技术可帮助携带MOCS2基因变异的夫妇生育健康后代，是携带致病变异家庭的一种重要的优生方式。 Objective To carry out preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/single gene disorders (PGT-M) for a Chinese family affected with molybdenum co-factor deficiency due to pathogenic variant of MOCS2 gene. Methods A family with molybdenum co-factor deficiency who attended to the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in April 2020 was selected as the research subject. Trophoblast cells were biopsied from blastocysts fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Embryos carrying the MOCS2 gene variant and chromosome copy number variation(CNV) of more than 4 Mb were detected by single-cell whole genome amplification, high-throughput sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism typing. Embryos without or carrying the heterozygous variant and without abnormal chromosome CNV were transplanted. During mid-pregnancy, amniotic fluid sample was collected for prenatal diagnosis to verify the results of PGT-M. Results Eleven oocytes were obtained, among which three blastocysts were formed through culturing. Results of genetic testing suggested that one embryo was heterozygous for the maternally derived MOCS2 gene variant and without chromosomal CNV. Following embryo transfer, intrauterine singleton pregnancy was attained. Prenatal diagnosis by amniocentesis at 18 weeks of gestation revealed that the MOCS2 gene variant and chromosomal analysis results were both consistent with that of PGT-M, and a healthy male infant was born at 37+ 5 weeks of gestation. Conclusion PGT-M has helped the couple carrying the MOCS2 gene variant to have a healthy offspring, and may become an important method for couples carrying other pathogenic genetic variants.

    钼辅助因子缺乏症MOCS2基因胚胎植入前遗传学检测胚胎移植

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    单精子测序技术在一个脊髓性肌肉萎缩症家系胚胎植入前遗传学检测中的应用

    陈佳吴兴武陈格马鹏鹏...
    148-154页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 探讨单精子测序技术在脊髓性肌肉萎缩症(SMA)家系胚胎植入前单基因遗传病检测(PGT-M)中的应用价值。 方法 选取2020年6月于江西省妇幼保健院就诊的一个生育过2例SMA患儿(均已夭折)的家系作为研究对象，利用机械制动法分离11份单精子样本并进行全基因组扩增，采用荧光定量PCR与Sanger测序法对扩增产物进行SMN1基因变异检测。选取女方、女方父母和男方的基因组DNA，以及1份携带和2份未携带SMN1基因变异的单精子扩增产物，在变异位点上下游2 Mb区域内选取100个单核苷酸多态性位点，设计引物进行靶向捕获高通量测序，通过连锁分析确定男女双方与SMN1基因致病变异连锁的染色体单体型。经卵胞浆内单精子显微注射技术受精获取囊胚，活检滋养外胚层细胞，经全基因组扩增后行高通量测序检测胚胎的单体型，判断胚胎的致病性。对野生型胚胎进行染色体非整倍体检测，选择SMN1基因型为正常的整倍体胚胎进行移植。于孕18周行羊水穿刺产前诊断，确认胎儿的基因型。新生儿出生后进行跟踪随访。 结果 基因检测发现夫妇双方均携带SMN1基因第7、8外显子缺失杂合变异，其中女方携带的变异遗传自其父亲，男方为新发变异。利用单精子测序技术成功构建出男方单体型。PGT检测发现5枚胚胎携带SMN1基因杂合变异，4枚为野生型，其中3枚为整倍体。移植1枚野生型整倍体胚胎，妊娠中期羊水检测证实胎儿未携带SMN1基因第7、8外显子缺失变异。新生儿足月出生，随访9个月未见异常。 结论 应用单精子测序技术为1对夫妻双方均携带SMN1基因第7、8外显子杂合缺失变异且男方为新发变异的夫妇构建出男方致病变异的连锁单体型，并为该夫妇提供PGT检测，成功避免了SMA患儿的出生。 Objective To assess the value of single sperm sequencing in preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT-M). Methods A Chinese couple with two children whom had died of Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and attended the Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in June 2020 was selected as the subject. Eleven single sperm samples were isolated by mechanical immobilization and subjected to whole genome amplification. Real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to detect the SMN1 variants in the single sperm samples. Genomic DNA of the wife, her parents and the husband, as well as one single sperm sample harboring the SMN1 variant and two single sperm samples without the variant were used for the linkage analysis. Targeted capture and high-throughput sequencing were carried out to test 100 single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed within 2 Mb up- and downstream the variant site. The haplotypes linked with the SMN1 variants were determined by linkage analysis. Blastocyst embryos were harvested after fertilizing by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Cells from the trophoblasts of each embryo were biopsied and subjected to whole genome amplification and targeted capture and high-throughput sequencing to determine their carrier status. Chromosomal aneuploidy of wild-type embryos was excluded. An euploid embryo of high quality was transferred. Amniotic fluid sample was taken at 18 weeks of gestation to confirm the status of the fetus. Results Genetic testing showed that the couple both had deletion of exons 7 ~ 8 of the SMN1 gene. The wife has inherited the deletion from her father, while the husband was de novo. The haplotypes of the husband were successfully constructed by single sperm sequencing. Preimplantation genetic testing has indicated that 5 embryos had harbored the heterozygous variant, 4 embryos were of the wild type, among which 3 were euploid. Prenatal diagnosis during the second trimester of pregnancy has confirmed that the fetus did not carry the deletion. Conclusion By single sperm sequencing and PGT-M, the birth of further affected child has been successfully avoided.

    脊髓性肌肉萎缩症胚胎植入前遗传学检测单精子测序等位基因脱扣

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    新生儿筛查检出的短/支链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症患儿的临床表现、生化指标及基因变异分析

    赵涵怡周朵缪海霞陈迟...
    155-160页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 探讨新生儿筛查检出的短/支链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶(SBCAD)缺乏症患儿的临床表现、生化异常及致病变异。 方法 选取2016年1月至2021年12月在浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院接受筛查的2 730 852例新生儿为研究对象，进行氨基酸及2-甲基丁酰肉碱筛查，对疑似SBCAD缺乏症的患儿通过尿有机酸分析、高通量基因测序进行确诊。分析确诊患儿的临床表现、生化改变及ACADSB基因变异，指导控制蛋白摄入，补充左卡尼汀，随访观察其生长及智能发育情况。 结果 共确诊SBCAD缺乏症患儿12例，折算患病率为1/227 571。12例SBCAD患儿初筛血异戊酰肉碱(C5)在0.6~2.1 μmol/L之间，均超过正常范围；C5/乙酰基肉碱(C2)在0.02~0.12之间，其中6例超过正常范围；C5/丙酰基肉碱(C3)在0.1~1.16之间，其中5例超过正常范围；游离肉碱(C0)为18.89~58.12 μmol/L，1例超过正常范围。对5例SBCAD缺乏症患儿进行治疗，3例避免高蛋白饮食，2例予左卡尼汀治疗。随访中C5为0.22~2.32 μmol/L，C5/C2为0.01~0.31，C5/C3为0.14~1.7。11例患儿(除例8)新生儿筛查或随访中均出现C5或C5/C2、C5/C3一过性正常，C0为17.42~76.83 μmol/L。12例患儿中9例进行了尿有机酸分析，8例2-甲基丁酰甘氨酸增高。11例患儿接受了基因分析，共发现6种ACADSB基因变异，4种错义变异c.655G>A、c.923G>A、c.461G>A、c.1165A>G，1个移码变异c.746del，1个无义变异c.275C>G，c.461G>A变异未见报道，变异频次前2位为c.1165A>G(40.9%)与c.275C>G(22.7%)。对患儿治疗随访18 d~55个月，仅1例患者出现智力发育落后，其余患者体格及智力发育正常。 结论 SBCAD缺乏症为罕见病，本研究新生儿筛查折算检出率为1/227 571。通过新生儿筛查可实现大多无症状的患者早期干预。本研究最常见的基因变异是c.1165A>G和c.275C>G. Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, biochemical abnormalities and pathogenic variants among children with Short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SBCAD) deficiency detected by neonatal screening. Methods A total of 2 730 852 newborns were screened from January 2016 to December 2021 with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Suspected SBCAD deficiency patients were diagnosed by urine organic acid analysis and high-throughput gene sequencing analysis. The clinical, biochemical and genetic changes of the confirmed cases were analyzed, in addition with guidance for diet and life management, L-carnitine supplement, and survey of growth and intellectual development. Results Twelve cases of SBCAD deficiency were diagnosed, which yielded a prevalence of 1/227 571. The lsovaleryl carnitine (C5) of primary screening blood samples was between 0.6 and 2.1 μmol/L, all exceeded the normal range. C5/acety1 carnitine(C2) was between 0.02 and 0.12, with 6 cases exceeding the normal range. C5/propionyl carnitine (C3) was between 0.1 and 1.16, with 5 cases exceeding the normal range. Free carnitine (C0) was between 18.89 and 58.12 μmol, with 1 case exceeding the normal range. Three neonates with abnormal screening results were recommended to have appropriate restriction for protein intake and two were given L-carnitine. During follow-up, their C5 has ranged from 0.22 to 2.32 μmol/L, C5/C2 has ranged from 0.01 to 0.31, C5/C3 has ranged from 0.14 to 1.7. C5 or C5/C2 and C5/C3 were transiently normal in all patients except for case 8 during the neonatal screening and follow-up. C0 was 17.42 ~ 76.83 μmol/L Urine organic acid analysis was carried out in 9 of the 12 cases, and 2-methylbutyroglycine was elevated in 8 cases. Urine organic acid analysis was carried out in 9 cases, and 2-methylbutyrylglycine was increased in 8 cases. Genetic analysis was carried out for 11 children, and in total 6 ACADSB gene variants were identified, which included 4 missense variants (c.655G>A, c. 923G>A, c. 461G>A, c. 1165A>G), 1 frameshift variant (c.746del) and 1 nonsense variant (c.275C>G). Among these, the c. 461 G>A variant was unreported previously. The most common variants were c. 1165A>G (40.9%) and C. 275C>G (22.7%). The patients were followed up for 18 days to 55 months. Only one patient had mental retardation, with the remainders having normal physical and mental development. Conclusion SBCAD deficiency is a rare disease. The detection rate of newborn screening in this study was 1/227 571. Early intervention can be attained in most asymptomatic patients through neonatal screening. In this study, the common gene variants are c. 1165A>G and c. 275C>G.

    短/支链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症新生儿筛查遗传代谢病

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    原发性肉碱缺乏症新生儿17例的血液肉碱谱及 SLC22A5基因变异分析

    宋玮婷叶圣郑丽珠许芯...
    161-165页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 对福建宁德地区的新生儿进行串联质谱筛查，分析17例疑似原发性肉碱缺乏症(primary carnitine deficiency，PCD)新生儿的血游离肉碱(C0)以及SLC22A5基因的变异，了解本地区的发病情况，并探讨C0水平与基因型的相关性。 方法 选取2016年9月至2021年6月在宁德市9个县(市、区)出生的148 043例新生儿为研究对象，进行血游离肉碱和酰基肉碱谱分析，对其中血C0 < 10 μmol/L或C0在10 ~ 15 μmol/L的新生儿进行 SLC22A5基因检测，分析其游离肉碱水平与基因变异之间的相关性。 结果 共确诊17例PCD，折算新生儿患病率为1/8 707。共发现12种SLC22A5基因变异，其中热点变异为c.760C>T、c.1400C>G、c.51C>G。相比于其他位点，携带c.760C>T变异者的C0值显著偏低(P<0.01)。 结论 宁德地区新生儿PCD的患病率较高，需制定干预措施积极防控。携带c.760C>T变异者C0水平明显偏低，可为临床诊断提供一定的依据。 Objective To analyze the blood free carnitine (C0) level and SLC22A5 gene variants in 17 neonates with Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) and to determine its incidence in local area and explore the correlation between C0 level and genotype. Methods 148 043 newborns born in 9 counties (cities and districts) of Ningde city from September 2016 to June 2021 were selected as study subjects. Blood free carnitine and acyl carnitine of 148 043 neonates were analyzed. Variants of the SLC22A5 gene were screened in those with blood C0 < 10 μmol/L, or C0 between 10 ~ 15 μmol/L. Correlation between the free carnitine level and genetic variants was analyzed. Results In total 17 neonates were diagnosed with PCD, which yielded a prevalence of 1/8 707 in the region. Twelve variants of the SLC22A5 gene were identified, with the common ones including c. 760C>T, c. 1400C>G and c. 51C>G. Compared with those carrying other variants of the gene, children carrying the c. 760C>T variants had significantly lower C0 values (P<0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of PCD is relatively high in Ningde area, and intervention measures should be taken to prevent and control the disease. The c. 760C>T variant is associated with lower level of C0, which can provide a clue for the diagnosis.

    原发性肉碱缺乏症新生儿筛查串联质谱基因变异

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    先天性失氯性腹泻患儿3例的临床特征及遗传学分析

    尹辉陈晓波宋福英王慧...
    166-170页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 探讨3例先天性失氯性腹泻(CCD)患儿的临床特征及遗传学病因。 方法 选取2014年6月~2020年8月于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院就诊的3例CCD患儿为研究对象。采集3例CCD患儿及其父母的外周血样，进行基因检测，并通过Sanger测序进行验证。 结果 3例患儿均表现为出生后反复腹泻，有不同程度的低氯血症、低钾血症及顽固性代谢性碱中毒。基因检测结果提示其分别携带SLC26A3基因c.1631T>A(p.I544N)纯合变异、c.2063-1G>T(剪接区域变异)及c.1039G>A(p.A347T)复合杂合变异、c.270_271insAA(p.G91kfs*3)及c.2063-1G>T(剪接区域变异)复合杂合变异，Sanger测序证实上述变异均遗传自患儿父母。 结论 SLC26A3基因的变异可能是这3例患儿的遗传学病因。上述发现拓展了SLC26A3基因的变异谱。 Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic basis for three children with Congenital chlorine diarrhea (CCD). Methods Three children with CCD who attended the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Pediatric Institute from June 2014 to August 2020 were selected as the research subjects. Peripheral blood samples of the three children and their parents were collected for genetic testing. And the results were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results The clinical manifestations of the three children have included recurrent diarrhea, with various degrees of hypochloremia, hypokalemia and refractory metabolic alkalosis. Genetic testing revealed that the three children have all carried variants of the SLC26A3 gene, including homozygous c. 1631T>A (p.I544N) variants, c. 2063-1G>T and c. 1039G>A (p.A347T) compound heterozygous variants, and c. 270_271insAA(p.G91kfs*3) and c. 2063-1G>T compound heterozygous variants. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the all of variants were inherited from their parents. Conclusion The variants of the SLC26A3 gene probably underlay the CCD in these children. Above finding has enriched the spectrum of SLC26A3 gene variants.

    先天性失氯性腹泻SLC26A3基因低氯血症低钾血症代谢性碱中毒

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    FAH基因新变异所致酪氨酸血症Ⅰ型(急性型)患儿1例的临床特征及遗传学分析

    张庆华张钏王玉佩王卫凯...
    171-176页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 探讨1例酪氨酸血症Ⅰ型(TYRSN1)(急性型)患儿的临床表型和遗传学病因。 方法 选取2020年10月至甘肃省妇幼保健院就诊的1例TYRSN1(急性型)患儿为研究对象。采用血串联质谱和尿气相色谱质谱法对患儿进行遗传代谢病检测，同时对其进行全外显子组测序(WES)，用Sanger测序对候选变异进行家系验证。 结果 患儿表现为腹胀、肝脏肿大、贫血以及凝血功能异常等，血串联质谱和尿气相色谱质谱分析发现其酪氨酸与琥珀酰丙酮等指标增高，WES检测结果提示患儿携带FAH基因c.1062+5G>A和c.943T>C(p.Cys315Arg)复合杂合变异，Sanger测序结果显示二者分别遗传自其父亲和母亲，其中c.943T>C变异既往未见报道。 结论 结合其临床表型及基因检测结果，患儿被诊断为TYRSN1(急性型)。FAH基因c.1062+5G>A和c.943T>C(p.Cys315Arg)复合杂合变异为其遗传学病因。上述发现拓展了FAH基因的变异谱，为患儿的诊疗及家系遗传咨询和产前诊断提供了依据。 Objective To analyze the clinical phenotype and genetic basis for a child with acute form of tyrosinemia type Ⅰ (TYRSN1). Methods A child with TYRSN1 who presented at the Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in October 2020 was selected as the subject. The child was subjected to tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) and urine gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the detection of inherited metabolic disorders, in addition with whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. Results The child′s clinical features included abdominal distension, hepatomegaly, anemia and tendency of bleeding. By mass spectrometry analysis, her serum and urine tyrosine and succinylacetone levels have both exceeded the normal ranges. WES and Sanger sequencing revealed that she has harbored c. 1062+ 5G>A and c. 943T>C (p.Cys315Arg) compound heterozygous variants of theFAH gene, which were inherited from her father and mother, respectively. Among these, the c. 943T>C was unreported previously. Conclusion Considering her clinical phenotype and result of genetic testing, the child was diagnosed with TYRSN1 (acute type). The compound heterozygous variants of the FAH gene probably underlay the disease in this child. Above finding has further expanded the spectrum of FAH gene variants, and provided a basis for accurate treatment, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for her family.

    酪氨酸血症Ⅰ型急性型FAH基因全外显子组测序新变异

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    亚硫酸盐氧化酶缺乏症患儿1例的临床特点及 SUOX基因变异分析

    王玉娟蓝信强许芯李岭...
    177-180页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 探讨1例早发型亚硫酸盐氧化酶缺乏症(ISOD)患儿的临床表现及遗传学特征。 方法 分析于2020年5月10日收治于青岛大学附属威海医院的1例ISOD患儿为研究对象，分析其临床资料，对其进行家系全外显子组测序，用Sanger测序对候选变异进行验证。 结果 患儿为女性，出生后因"羊水Ⅱ度污染、呼吸费力11 min"转入重症监护室，表现为纳差伴频繁抽搐。基因检测提示患儿携带SUOX基因c.1200C>G和c.188G>A复合杂合变异，分别遗传自其母亲与父亲，其中c.1200C>G为已知致病变异，c.188G>A既往未见报道，根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会相关指南判断为意义未明变异。 结论 SUOX基因c.1200C>G和c.188G>A复合杂合变异可能是导致患儿发病的原因。c.188G>A的检出丰富了SUOX基因的变异谱，为患儿的临床诊断和遗传咨询提供了依据。 Objective To explore the clinical features and genetic basis for a child with early-onset Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency (ISOD). Methods A child with ISOD who was admitted to Weihai Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University on May 10, 2020 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was analyzed. The child and her parents were subjected to trio-whole exome sequencing, and candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results The female neonate was transferred to the intensive care unit due to "secondary pollution of amniotic fluid and laborious breathing for 11 minutes" , and had developed frequent convulsions. Genetic testing revealed that she has harbored c. 1200C>G and c. 188G>A compound heterozygous variants of the SUOX gene, which were inherited from her mother and father, respectively. The c. 1200C>G has been described previously and was rated as pathogenic based on guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, whilst the c. 188G>A variant was unreported previously and rated as a variant of unknown significance. Conclusion The compound heterozygous variants of the SUOX gene probably underlay the ISOD in this child. Above finding has enriched the spectrum of SUOX gene variants and provided a basis for the clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling.

    亚硫酸盐氧化酶缺乏症SUOX基因全外显子组测序

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    染色体微阵列分析对于明确中枢神经系统异常胎儿遗传学病因的价值

    曹培暄朱湘玉顾雷雷刘威...
    181-185页
    查看更多>>摘要：目的 分析中枢神经系统(CNS)异常胎儿的染色体微阵列分析(CMA)结果并追踪其妊娠结局，探讨CMA在CNS异常胎儿中的病因学诊断价值。 方法 选取2014年6月~2020年12月因超声提示CNS异常至南京鼓楼医院产前诊断中心的636例胎儿为研究对象。根据超声表型，将CNS异常的胎儿分为脑室扩张组(n＝441)、脉络丛囊肿组(n＝41)、颅后窝池增大组(n＝42)、全前脑组(n＝15)、胼胝体发育不全(ACC)组(n＝22)及其他异常组(n＝75)；此外，根据是否合并CNS以外的异常，将胎儿分为孤立性(n＝504)及非孤立性(n＝132)CNS组。收集胎儿的产前样本(羊水/穿刺绒毛/脐血)或流产组织，提取基因组DNA，进行CMA检测，并电话随访妊娠结局。 结果 共纳入636例CNS异常胎儿(包含89例流产组织)，随访547例。CMA异常检出率为11.48%(73/636)。全前脑组、ACC组、脉络丛囊肿组、颅后窝池增大组、脑室扩张组、其他异常组的检出率分别为80%(12/15)、31.82%(7/22)、19.51%(8/41)、14.29%(6/42)、7.48%(33/441)、9.33%(7/75)。与孤立性CNS异常组相比，非孤立性CNS异常组的检出率显著偏高(6.35% vs. 31.06%)(32/504 vs. 41/132)(χ2 ＝ 62.867，P<0.001)。随访结果显示，CMA异常的52例胎儿中，1例发育正常，其余均已引产。CMA未见异常的434例胎儿中，377例活产(6例发育迟缓，其余均正常)，57例引产；非孤立性CNS异常胎儿的不良妊娠结局率显著高于孤立性CNS异常胎儿(26.56%vs. 10.54%)(17/64 vs. 39/370)(χ2 ＝ 12.463，P<0.001) 结论 CNS异常的胎儿应通过CMA检测以明确遗传学病因。CMA未见异常的胎儿大多预后良好，但仍有出现神经系统异常表型的可能。合并其他结构异常的CNS异常胎儿的不良妊娠结局风险升高。 Objective To assess the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for the diagnosis of fetuses with anomalies of the central nervous system (CNS) and summarize the outcome of the pregnancies and follow-up. Methods A total of 636 fetuses from June 2014 to December 2020 who were referred the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital due to abnormal CNS prompted by ultrasound were selected as the research subjects. Based on the ultrasound findings, the fetuses were divided into ventricular dilatation group (n=441), choroid plexus cyst group (n=41), enlarged posterior fossa group (n=42), holoprosencephaly group (n=15), corpus callosum hypoplasia group (n=22), and other anomaly group (n=75). Meanwhile, they were also divided into isolated (n=504) and non-isolated (n=132) groups based on the presence of additional abnormalities. Prenatal samples (amniotic fluid/chorionic villi/umbilical cord blood) or abortus tissue were collected for the extraction of genomic DNA and CMA assay. Outcome of the pregnancies and postnatal follow-up were summarized and subjected to statistical analysis. Results In total 636 fetuses with CNS anomalies (including 89 abortus tissues) were included, and 547 cases were followed up. The overall detection rate of CMA was 11.48% (73/636). The detection rates for the holoprosencephaly group, ACC group, choroid plexus cyst group, enlarged posterior fossa group, ventricular dilatation group and other anomaly group were 80% (12/15), 31.82% (7/22), 19.51% (8/41), 14.29% (6/42), 7.48% (33/441) and 9.33% (7/75), respectively. Compared with the isolated CNS anomaly group, the detection rate for the non-isolated CNS anomaly group was significantly higher (6.35% vs. 31.06%) (32/504 vs. 41/132) (χ2 = 62.867, P<0.001). Follow up showed that, for 52 fetuses with abnormal CMA results, 51 couples have opted induced labor, whilst 1 was delivered at full term with normal growth and development. Of the 434 fetuses with normal CMA results, 377 were delivered at full term (6 had developmental delay), and 57 couples had opted induced labor. The rate of adverse pregnancy outcome for non-isolated CNS abnormal fetuses was significantly higher than that of isolated CNS abnormal fetuses (26.56%vs. 10.54%) (17/64 vs. 39/370) (χ2 = 12.463, P<0.001). Conclusion Fetuses with CNS anomaly should be tested with CMA to determine the genetic cause. Most fetuses with negative CMA result have a good prognosis, but there is still a possibility for a abnormal neurological phenotype. Fetuses with CNS abnormalities in conjunct with other structural abnormalities are at increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

    染色体微阵列分析中枢神经系统产前诊断

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