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作物学报（英文版）
作物学报（英文版）

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    The wild and the valuable:The goatgrass pangenome advances wheat improvement

    Long Mao
    1503-1504页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    JAZ proteins:Key regulators of plant growth and stress response

    Xiaoqian ZhaoYongqi HeYuxin LiuZhoufei Wang...
    1505-1516页
    查看更多>>摘要：The jasmonate ZIM-domain(JAZ)family of proteins serves as co-receptors and transcriptional repressors of jasmonic acid(JA)in plants.Their functional diversity and multiple roles make them important com-ponents of the regulatory network of JA and other hormonal signaling pathways.In this review,we pro-vide an overview of the latest findings on JAZ family proteins and emphasize their roles in plant growth and development,and response to biotic and abiotic stress,along with their underlying mechanisms.Moreover,existing challenges and future applications are outlined with the aim of offering a reference for further research on JAZ proteins in the context of plant physiology.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Omics big data for crop improvement:Opportunities and challenges

    Naresh VasupalliJavaid Akhter BhatPriyanka JainTanu Sri...
    1517-1532页
    查看更多>>摘要：The application of advanced omics technologies in plant science has generated an enormous dataset of sequences,expression profiles,and phenotypic traits,collectively termed"big data"for their significant volume,diversity,and rapid pace of accumulation.Despite extensive data generation,the process of ana-lyzing and interpreting big data remains complex and challenging.Big data analyses will help identify genes and uncover different mechanisms controlling various agronomic traits in crop plants.The insights gained from big data will assist scientists in developing strategies for crop improvement.Although the big data generated from crop plants opens a world of possibilities,realizing its full potential requires enhancement in computational capacity and advances in machine learning(ML)or deep learning(DL)approaches.The present review discuss the applications of genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,meta-bolomics,epigenetics,and phenomics"big data"in crop improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the potential application of artificial intelligence to genomic selection.Additionally,the article outlines the crucial role of big data in precise genetic engineering and understanding plant stress tolerance.Also we highlight the challenges associated with big data storage,analyses,visualization and sharing,and emphasize the need for robust solutions to harness these invaluable resources for crop improvement.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    CNGC20 plays dual roles in regulating plant growth and immunity in Brassica napus

    Yingying TanGuowei HuangHaiyan FanTao Wu...
    1533-1546页
    查看更多>>摘要：Inflorescence architecture is determined by inflorescence length,branch angles and the density of sili-ques,which affects planting density,lodging resistance and mechanical operation in rapeseed.However,the molecular mechanisms controlling inflorescence architecture are poorly understood,restricting the progress of breeding varieties with ideal plant architecture in oilseed rape.In this study,we have identified and characterized a rapeseed inflorescence development mutant,reduced inflorescence length(ril),which exhibits determinate and shortened inflorescences,reduced plant height,compact branches,and increased silique density.Through BSA-seq and map-based cloning,we find that RIL encodes a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 20(BnaAO1.CNGC20).A substitution of proline at the 304th position to leucine(P304L)was identified in the conserved transmembrane domain of BnaAO1.CNGC20.This P304L substitution neither affects the subcellular localization and self-assembly of BnaAO1.CNGC20,nor disrupts the interactions with BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-associated recep-tor kinase 1(BAK1),which interacts with CNGC20 and phosphorylates it to regulate Ca2+channel stabil-ity.However,the P304L substitution increases channel activity and Ca2+influx,which in turn induces immune responses such as cell death,H2O2 accumulation,upregulation of pathogenesis-related genes,and pattern-triggered immunity.The enhanced immunity improves the resistance to Leptosphaeria biglo-bosa and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.Transcriptome analysis further revealed that CNGC20 plays dual roles in regulating plant growth and immunity via the brassinosteroid and auxin signaling pathways.The find-ings in this study provide deeper insights into the intricate relationship between cytosolic Ca2+level and plant development and immunity,as well as the trade-off between immunity and the performance of yield-related traits in the heterozygous plants(+/ril),which may serve as a guide for balancing yield and disease resistance in oilseed rape breeding.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Increased sugar content impairs pollen fertility and reduces seed-setting in high-photosynthetic-efficiency rice

    Bodi LiAnyao HuangLimin WangShuofan Wu...
    1547-1558页
    查看更多>>摘要：Crop yield depends on biomass,which is primarily associated with photosynthesis.We previously demonstrated that two photorespiratory bypasses,i.e.,GOC(glycolate oxidase+(o)xalate oxidase+cata-lase)and GCGT(glycolate oxidase+catalase+glyoxylate carboligase+tartronic semialdehyde reduc-tase),significantly increased photosynthesis,biomass,and grain yield,but decreased seed-setting rates in rice.This study explored the underlying mechanism of how elevated photosynthetic efficiency impacted the seed-setting.First,pollen germination assessed in vivo and in vitro,revealed a reduced ger-mination rate in GCGT rice.Subsequent analysis found that photosynthates highly accumulated in the leaves and stems;sucrose and soluble sugar levels were increased but the starch level was reduced in the anthers.Uridine diphosphate glucose(UDP-Glc)was increased but uridine diphosphate galactose(UDP-Gal)was unaltered,thus causing an imbalance in the UDP-Glc/UDP-Gal ratio in GCGT anthers.Most anthers in GCGT plants had two locules in contrast to four in the wild-type(WT).Pollen tapetum was developmentally abnormal,and genes related to sucrose synthesis,transport,and tapetal pro-grammed cell death(PCD)were upregulated,whereas those involved in starch synthesis and conversion were downregulated in GCGT anthers.Taken together,our results demonstrated that an increase in sugar content was the primary factor causing reduced seed-setting rates in high photosynthetic efficiency rice,during which metabolic disorder of sugars and UDP sugar imbalance in anthers lead to impaired pollen fertility.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Non-separated microspores 1 controls male meiotic callose deposition at the cell plate in rice

    Haiyuan ChenSuobing ZhangWeijie TangJun Tang...
    1559-1568页
    查看更多>>摘要：In flowering plants,callose(β-1,3-glucan)plays a vital role in pollen development,especially in the sep-aration and development of microspores.However,the molecular mechanism of callose deposition dur-ing rice pollen development remains unclear.In this study,we isolated and characterized a novel rice pollen defective mutant,non-separated microspores 1(nsm1),which produced"dyad"or"tetrad"pollen grains.Cytological analysis indicated disrupted interstitial callose deposition at the cell plate of dyads and tetrads in nsm1 pollens.This disruption caused sporopollenin to be massively deposited outside of the junction where the interstitial callose wall connected with the peripheral callose wall,or unevenly distributed on the interstitial pollen primexine at the late meiosis stage.Consequently,an excess tectum-like layer was formed outside of the junction,connecting with the tectum of two microspores during later developmental stages,which prevented the separation of microspores.Additionally,in the linkage area,the tectum of two microspores gradually fused or degenerated,resulting in a decreased con-tact area between microspores and the anther locule.Therefore,the defect in callose deposition resulted in unsuccessful separation of microspores,abnormal deposition of pollen exine,and also affected the accumulation of materials in microspores,resulting in pollen semi-sterility.NSM1,encoding a callose synthase located in the Golgi body,is ubiquitously expressed in anthers with its peak expression at the young microspore stage.The in vitro enzyme activity assay confirmed that NSM1 possesses callose synthase activity,and the enzyme activity in the nsm1 mutants was significantly reduced.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NSM1 and its orthologs play a highly conserved role in callose biosynthesis among plant species.Taken together,we propose that NSM1 plays an essential role in male meiotic callose synthesis and later pollen wall development.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    The dual role of casein kinase 1,DTG1,in regulating tillering and grain size in rice

    Jijin LiDan ZhouDeke LiGen Wang...
    1569-1582页
    查看更多>>摘要：Tiller number and grain size are important agronomic traits that determine grain yield in rice.Here,we demonstrate that DEFECTIVE TILLER GROWTH 1(DTG1),a member of the casein kinase 1 protein family,exerts a co-regulatory effect on tiller number and grain size.We identified a single amino acid substitu-tion in DTG1(I357K)that caused a decrease in tiller number and an increase in grain size in NIL-dtg1.Genetic analyses revealed that DTG1 plays a pivotal role in regulation of tillering and grain size.The DTG11357K allelic variant exhibited robust functionality in suppressing tillering.We show that DTG1 is preferentially expressed in tiller buds and young panicles,and negatively regulates grain size by restrict-ing cell proliferation in spikelet hulls.We further confirm that DTG1 functioned in grain size regulation by directly interacting with Grain Width 2(GW2),a critical grain size regulator in rice.The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated elimination of DTG1 significantly enhanced tiller number and grain size,thereby increasing rice grain yield under field conditions,thus highlighting potential value of DTG1 in rice breeding.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Two splicing variants of amino acid transporter-like 4(OsATL4)negatively regulate rice tillering and yield by mediating the transport of amino acids

    Chuanbo WangWeiting HuangRui MiaoBowen Wu...
    1583-1596页
    查看更多>>摘要：Amino acids are the primary form of nitrogen utilization in higher plants,mainly transported by amino acid transporters.In this study,we analyzed the natural variation of amino acid transporter-like 4(OsATL4)in rice germplasm resources,identified its spatiotemporal expression characteristics,deter-mined its substrate transport,and validated its function using transgenic plants.We found that the pro-moter sequence of OsATL4 varied across 498 rice varieties.The expression level of OsATL4 was higher in japonica rice,which was negatively correlated with tiller number and grain yield.OsATL4 was highly expressed in the basal part,leaf sheath,stem,and young panicle,with its two splicing variants localized to the cell membrane.OsATL4a(the long splicing variant)had a high affinity for transporting Ser,Leu,Phe,and Thr,while OsATL4b(the short splicing variant)had a high affinity for transporting Ser,Leu,and Phe.Blocking OsATL4 promoted axillary bud outgrowth,rice tillering,and grain yield,whereas over-expression lines exhibited the opposite phenotype.Exogenous application of low concentrations of Ser promoted axillary bud outgrowth in overexpression lines,while high concentrations of Ser inhibited it.Conversely,the mutant lines showed the opposite response.Altered expression of OsATL4 might affect the expression of genes in nitrogen,auxin,and cytokinin pathways.We propose that two splicing variants of OsATL4 negatively regulate rice tillering and yield by mediating the transport of amino acids,making it a significant target for high-yield rice breeding.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    CRISPR-Cas9-mediated promoter editing of FERONIA-Like receptor 13 increases plant growth and disease resistance in rice

    Yanan GuoYinyao QiKai LiuXiao Luo...
    1597-1606页
    查看更多>>摘要：Receptor kinases play a pivotal role in detecting environmental signals,and consequently,gene pleio-tropy is frequently observed within this family.However,the trade-off in trait expression resulting from gene pleiotropy poses a constraint on the utilization of such genes in agricultural breeding.In this study,we identified the receptor kinase gene FERONIA-Like Receptor 13(FLR13)as a pleiotropic gene influencing plant height,tillering,grain yield,and disease resistance.Using promoter editing,we generated novel alleles(FLR13T5T6-1,FLR13T5T6-2)that confer resistance to rice blast and increase per-plant yield.The knockout of the T5T6 segment alleviates the inhibitory effects of two transcription factors,OsGBP1 and OsWRKY53,on FLR13 expression.In summary,our study presents a promising avenue for enhancing the pivotal attributes of receptor-like kinases through a promoter-editing strategy.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Rice ONAC005-OsMADS50-OsMADS56 interaction downregulates OsLFL1 in promoting long-day-dependent flowering

    Jinku KangKiyoon KangSang-Ji LeeYejin Shim...
    1607-1618页
    查看更多>>摘要：The transition from the vegetative to reproductive stage(flowering)is a critical stage in the life cycle of plants.Transition to flowering is controlled by a complex photoperiod-dependent network.Here,we report the functional analysis of NAC transcription factor ONAC005 as a positive regulator of flowering in rice.An onac005-1 T-DNA insertion mutant showed late flowering only under long-day(LD)conditions,indicating that ONAC005 is an LD-dependent flowering activator.Expression analysis of flowering time genes revealed that ONAC005 negatively regulates expression of OsLFL1,which is a LD-specific repressor of flowering in rice.Consequently,ONAC005 up-regulates expression of downstream genes Ehd1,Hd3a,and RFT1 under LD conditions.ONAC005 physically interacts with previously reported upstream regula-tors of OsLFL1,OsMADS50 and OsMADS56.Binding assays showed that ONAC005 binds to the promoter regions of OsLFL1.We further found that the ONAC005-OsMADS50-OsMADS56 complex weakly repressed OsLFL1 at the early vegetative stage and then gradually repressed it at the transcriptional level as the plant developed.Taken together,our results suggest that ONAC005 specifically affects flowering under LD-dependent conditions by interacting with an antagonistic protein complex.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普