摘要
目的:基于不同脲甲醛与尿素配比,建立玉米脲甲醛缓释肥施用技术,提高氮肥利用率.方法:通过盆栽试验,以CK、PK为对照,设置U(100％ 尿素)、UF20(80％ 尿素+20％ 脲甲醛)、UF40(60％ 尿素+40％ 脲甲醛)、UF60(40％ 尿素+60％ 脲甲醛)、UF80(20％ 尿素+80％ 脲甲醛)、UF(100％ 脲甲醛)等6个尿素与脲甲醛配施比例.结果:玉米脲甲醛缓释肥可显著提高玉米籽粒产量、养分吸收量和氮肥利用率.盆栽玉米产量以UF20处理最高,较U增产18.75 g/株;玉米养分吸收以UF20较高,氮吸收量为1.24 g/株,磷吸收量为0.31 g/株,钾吸收量为0.98 g/株,分别较U提高17.94％、1.69％、12.02％;氮肥利用率以UF20较高,肥料总氮利用率为38.49％,肥料总氮农学利用率为26.36 g/g,肥料总氮偏生产力为35.49 g/g,氮肥表观利用率为57.11％,氮素生理利用率为46.17g/g,较U处理分别显著提高了18.02％、16.75g/g、16.76g/g、18.00％、21.61 g/g.结论:综合考虑玉米养分吸收和养分利用效率,80％ 尿素+20％ 脲甲醛(UF20)处理可显著提高玉米养分吸收量和肥料利用率,适宜在实际生产中应用.
Abstract
Objective:Based on different ratios of urea formaldehyde and urea ,the application technology of urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer for maize was established to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.Methods:Through pot experiment ,with CK ,PK as control ,six different ratios were set ,and the experiments were repated three times ,including U (100％ urea) ,UF20 (80％ urea+20％urea-formaldehyde) ,UF40 (60％ urea + 40％ urea-formaldehyde) , UF60 (40％ urea + 60％ urea-formaldehyde) ,UF80 (20％ urea+80％ urea-formaldehyde ,UF (100％ urea-formaldehyde).Results:Urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer can significantly increase maize yield ,nutrient absorption and nitrogen use efficiency.The yield of potted maize was the highest in UF 20 treatment ,which was 18.75 g/plant higher than that in U treatment.The nutrient absorption of UF20 was higher ,the nitrogen absorption was 1.24 g/plant ,the phosphorus absorption was 0.31 g/plant ,and the potassium absorption was 0.98 g/plant ,which was 17.94％,1.69％ and 12.02％ higher than that of U respectively.The nitrogen use efficiency of UF20 was higher ,the total nitrogen utilization rate of fertilizer was 38.48％,the total nitrogen agronomic utilization rate of fertilizer was 26.36％,the total nitrogen partial productivity of fertilizer was 35.49 g/g , the apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 57.11％, and the physiological utilization rate of nitrogen was 46.17 g/g ,which was significantly higher than that of U treatment by 18.02％, 16.75 g/g , 16.76 g/g , 18.00％, 21.61 g/g , respectively.Conclusion:Considering the nutrient absorption and nutrient use efficiency of maize , 80％ urea + 20％ urea formaldehyde (UF20) treatment could significantly improve the nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization rate of maize ,which was suitable in actual production.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2301402-3)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300901-2)
安徽省科技攻关重大专项(201903a06020001)
农业农村部重点实验室开放课题(BOFA202011)
维普
万方数据