[Objective] The chemical constituents and biological activity of volatile oil were tested in order to find out the ecological function of Fokienia hodginsii. [Method] The volatile oil was extracted from the leaves of Fokienia hodginsii by steam distillation and its chemical constituents were analyzed by GC -MS method;the biological activity was tested by the method of Oxford Cup and Alamar Blue. [Rusult] 14 constituents were detected, and 14 compounds of the volatile oil were identified, the main compounds including β-cubebene (22.514%), τ-cadinol (19.883%) and caryophyllene (10.133%). The antibacterial experiments of the oil showed that the volatile oil had antimicrobial activities to Staphylococcus aureus and Rhodotorula glutinis, but had no inhibition against Escherichia coli, the result of antitumor activities in vitro against NCI -H460 by Alamar Blue method indicated that the inhibitory rate was (24.01 ±8.01)% at the volatile oil concentration of 100 μg/ml. [Conclusion] Fokienia hodginsii was suitable for ecological healthy virescence mode in cities.