摘要
[目的]探讨平朔露天煤矿原地貌土地利用结构的空间变化规律.[方法]以地处黄土高原区的平朔特大型露天煤矿为例,利用土地利用现状图和高程信息数据,应用MapGIS6.7软件,对高程影响下矿区原地貌土地利用结构进行分析,研究土地利用结构与高程的相关关系.在此基础上,结合露天煤矿“采剥-排弃-复垦”模式,分析排土场排弃高度对土地复垦需求的影响.[结果]平朔露天煤矿原地貌土地利用结构与高程具有明显的相关性,随着高程的增加,草地的分布比例增大,耕地的分布比例减小,林地所占比例很小;草地生态系统比耕地和林地更适应黄土高原生态脆弱区,在复垦土地利用布局上,耕地应该尽可能安置在高程相对较低的区域,高海拔地区适合恢复草地生态系统;同时,针对平朔矿区的采矿用地计划,在保证复垦区域耕地数量要求的前提下,应该适当降低耕地的复垦比例,鼓励复垦草地.[结论]该研究可为矿区土地复垦规划提供理论依据,以实现矿区土地利用类型的合理布局.
Abstract
[Objective] The aim was to discuss the changes in land use structure of original landform in Pingshuo open-cast coal mine with elevation.[Method] Based on the land utilization map and elevation data,the relationship between land use structure and elevation of original landform in Pingshuo open-cast coal mine was analyzed with the aid of the software MapGIS6.7.Combined with the "Stripping-Dumping-Reclamation" pattern of the study area,the influence of dumping height on land reclamation requirements also was analyzed.[Result] In the original landform of Pingshuo mining area,land use structure had remarkable correlation with elevation.With the rise of elevation,the proportion of grassland increased,while that of cultivated land reduced.The forest land was distributed rarely.Compared with the cultivated land and forest land,grassland ecosystem was better adapted to the ecological fragile region in the Loess Plateau.For the reclamation land use structure,cultivated land should be arranged at low altitudes as grassland should be distributed at high altitudes.Meanwhile,according to the planning of mining land use,the quantity of cultivated land should be ensured first,and then it is needed to reluce the proportion of cultivated land reclaimed and increase the proportion of reclaimed grassland.[Conclusion] This research can provide theoretical foundation for land reclamation planning and rational distribution of land use types in a mining area.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据