吐鲁番无核白葡萄"2+X"氮肥总量控制肥效研究
Fertilizer Controlled Research of "2+X" Total Nitrogen of Turpan Seedless Grape
张勇 1刘志刚2
作者信息
- 1. 新疆鄯善县连木沁镇农业技术推广站,新疆鄯善838204
- 2. 新疆部善县农业技术推广中心,新疆鄯善838200
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]进一步提高无核白葡萄生产技术水平和肥料利用率,更好地指导农户科学、合理地施用氮肥.[方法]研究5种施肥处理[无氮区(对照)、70％优化施氮区、优化氮区、130％优化施氮区、常规施肥]对无核白葡萄生物学性状、产量、品质、效益及最佳施氮量等指标的影响.[结果]优化氮区在各处理中串数最多,为64.0串,与无氮区(对照)、130％优化氮区、常规施肥区串数呈极显著差异;不同氮肥用量对串重有所增加,各处理中,130％优化氮区串重最大,达7.02 kg,常规施肥串重开始下降,优化氮区、130％优化氨区、常规施肥区与无氮区(对照)、70％优化氮区呈极显著差异;随着施氮肥量的增加平均产量随之提高,优化氮区产量最高,达65 340 kg/hm2,较无氮区(对照)增产27 870 kg/hm2,增产率为74.4％;当纯氮施用量为899.160 0 kg/hm2时,产量达到最大值,为65 057.760 0 kg/hm2.[结论]在各处理比较中,从肥料利用率和产投比等方面考虑,70％优化氮区的产投比、氮产投比、氮肥农学效率和氮肥偏生产力最高;从产量和收益角度考虑,优化氮区施肥产量和纯收入最高,而对于葡萄种植户来说,按照优化氮区施肥是比较理想的选择.
Abstract
[Objective] To further improve the production and technology level and fertilizer utilization rate of seedless grape, to guide the scientific and reasonable application of nitrogen fertilization.[Method] Effects of five fertilization treatments on the biological characters, yield,quality, benefit and optimized nitrogen amount of seedless grape were researched.[Result] The optimized nitrogen area had the maximum strings (64), having extremely significant differences with nitrogen free area (control), 130％ optimized nitrogen area and conventional fertilization area.String weight increased in different quantities of nitrogen fertilizer.Among the treatments, 130％ optimized nitrogen area had the maximum string weight (7.02 kg).String weight in conventional fertilization began to decline.There were extremely significant differences in optimized nitrogen area, 130％ optimized nitrogen area, conventional fertilization area, and nitrogen free zone (control) and 70％ optimized nitrogen area.As the fertilization quantity increased, the average yield enhanced, and reached the maximum value in optimized nitrogen area (65 340 kg/hm2).The average yield enhanced by 27 870 kg/hm2 compared with nitrogen free zone (control);the growth rate was 74.4％.When the pure nitrogen amount was 899.160 0 kg/hm2, the yield reached the maximum value of 65 057.760 0 kg/hm2.[Conclusion] Among all the treatments, 70％ optimized nitrogen area has the maximum values of input-output ratio, nitrogen agronomical efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity.Considering the yield and benefit, the nitrogen area has the maximum fertilization yield and pure income.As for the grape growers, fertilization of the optimized nitrogen area is relatively ideal.
关键词
无核白葡萄/氮肥/"2+X"/控制试验Key words
Seedless grape/Nitrogen fertilizer/"2 + X"/Controlled trial引用本文复制引用
基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区土肥站"测土配方施肥补贴项目(新土肥2014第5号)
出版年
2016
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据