摘要
利用常规资料、地面自动站资料、FY-2E卫星TBB资料(0.1°×0.1 °)、西安多普勒天气雷达资料,采用天气动力学诊断方法和强天气分析技术对2015年5月7日的陕西省商洛地区强对流天气过程的大尺度环流背景、物理量场、中小尺度天气系统演变特征及规律进行分析.结果表明,强对流主要位于暖湿空气与干冷空气的交界处,地面温度、露点温度、海平面气压、风场分析清晰地反映出地面冷锋和低压倒槽的交汇区域,冷暖空气的过渡区对于强对流天气的落区判断有指示作用.中尺度天气系统发展的强盛程度通过TBB的时间演变图可以清楚地进行判断.强对流大多发生在TBB梯度大值区,冰雹云团大多产生在云团成熟期之前.多普勒天气雷达上的强回波结构对于预警有提前预判的提示作用.在此次致灾天气过程中,明显低层弱回波区和中高层的悬垂回波结构,中层强回波中心与低层位移达1.5 km左右,预示了降冰雹的潜势.45 dBz强度的回波延伸至9km以上,这些指标对准确做出强对流天气预警有较好的指示意义.
Abstract
Based on conventional data,ground automatic station data,FY-2E satellite TBB data(0.1 ° × 0.1 °),Xi'an Doppler weather radar data,the large scale circulation background,physical quantity field,evolution features and law of small scale weather system were analyzed by using the weather dynamic diagnosis method and strong weather analysis technology in Shangluo of Shaanxi Province on May 7,2015.The results showed that strong convection was mainly at the junction of warm air and cold air,ground temperature,dew point temperature,sea level pressure,wind field analysis,can clearly see the confluence area of surface cold front position and low pressure inverted trough.The development of mesoscale weather system can be clearly judged by the time evolution of TBB.Strong convection occurs mostly in the high value region of the TBB gradient,hail clouds are born before the maturity of cloud.String echo structure on Doppler weather radar plays an important role in early warning.The hail weather was formed in the lower layer and weak echo region in the middle high overhang echo structure,strong echo center and low layer displacement of about 1.5 km,indicating the potential drop of hail.The echo of 45dBz intensity was extended to above 9 km,and these indexes have good instruction significance for making strong convective weather warning.
基金项目
中国气象局山洪气象保障工程业务建设项目陕西分项目(2013133)
陕西省气象局重点科研项目(2011Z-1)
2015陕西省预报员专项(2015Y-3)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据