不同氮·磷·钾肥施用量对大棚番茄产量·经济效益和品质的影响
Effects of Different Fertilization Dosages of N, P and K on the Yield, Economic Benefit and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato
吴传洲 1朱克保 1奚波 1王文军2
作者信息
- 1. 安徽省芜湖县农技中心,安徽芜湖241100
- 2. 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室,安徽合肥230031
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]研究安徽省芜湖县设施栽培番茄的合理施肥量.[方法]采用田间试验,研究不施肥(CK)、PK、100％N +P、100％N +K、70％N+ PK、100％N +PK、130％N+PK和200％N+PK 8个不同施肥处理对番茄产量、经济效益和品质的影响.[结果]CK的番茄产量和经济效益最低,氮、磷、钾肥二者或三者配施均能提高番茄产量和经济效益.氮、磷、钾肥对番茄的增产效果不同,增产率和增产贡献率从大到小依次为N、K、P,而单位养分增产量从大到小依次为P、N、K.在一定用量范围内,随着氮肥用量的提高,番茄产量和经济效益逐步提高,氮肥用量过高,番茄产量、经济效益反而下降.PK处理番茄Vc含量最低,氮与磷或钾肥配施均可提高Vc含量,但氮肥用量过高,Vc含量反而下降;增施钾肥可以提高番茄可溶性糖含量.[结论]在兼顾经济效益、番茄品质及环境效益的情况下,在番茄设施栽培中,合理的氮、磷、钾肥用量为N 375.0 kg/hm2、P2O5180.0 kg/hm2、K2O 375.0 kg/hm2.
Abstract
[Objective] To study the reasonable fertilizer application dosage of greenhouse tomato in Wuhu County.[Method] Field experiment was adopted.We researched the effects of eight fertilization treatments (CK,PK,100％ N + P,100％ N + K,70％ N + PK,100％ N + PK,130％ N + PK and 200％ N + PK) on the yield,economic benefit and quality of tomato yield.[Result] The yield of greenhouse tomato in CK was the lowest;the treatments with combined application of two or three of N,P and K fertilizers increased the yield and economic benefit of tomato.N,P and K fertilizers had different effects of yield increase;the yield increasing rate and contribution rate were in the order of N ＞ K ＞ P;increase rate of per unit nutrient was P ＞ N ＞ K.In a certain application range,the yield and economic benefit of greenhouse tomato improved with the increase of N fertilizer.However,tomato yield and economic benefits decreased under excessive application of N fertilizer.Tomato Vc content of PK treatment was the lowest,the combined application of N and P or K fertilizer could increase tomato Vc content.However,excessive application rate of nitrogen fertilizer decreased tomato Vc content.Applying K fertilizer could increase tomato soluble sugar content.[Conclusion] Considering the economic benefits,tomato quality and environmental benefit,the rational application dosages were 375.0 kg/hm2 N,180.0 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 375.0 kg/hm2 K2O for greenhouse tomato.
关键词
施肥/大棚番茄/产量/品质Key words
Fertilizer application/Greenhouse tomato/Yield/Quality引用本文复制引用
基金项目
安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目(2016)
测土配方施肥项目()
出版年
2016
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据