摘要
陕西省是全国苹果供应的主要产区之一，其种植户的可持续生计与国内苹果产业发展息息相关。生计资本是农户应对日常生产与生活风险的重要资源。笔者借鉴英国国际发展部提出的可持续性生计框架，采用描述性统计分析方法，对陕西省洛川县、白水县、礼泉县、延安市210份实地调查数据进行分析。研究结果表明，陕西省苹果种植户的社会资本、人力资本、物质资本、自然资本、金融资本水平均不足。其中，可获取社会资源有限，劳动力匮乏，居住环境差，自然灾害严重，金融服务不完善等问题突出。建议从加强社会资本网络建设，改善种植户生存环境，提升土地资源利用率，完善金融服务等方面进一步优化陕西省苹果种植户的生计资本水平，以增强其防范与抵抗风险的能力，从而促进区域苹果产业的可持续发展。
Abstract
Shaanxi Province is one of the main production areas of apple in China, farmers sustainable livelihood is closely related to the do-mestic development of apple industry. Livelihood capital is the important resource for farmers to cope with daily production and life risk. This research adopts sustainable livelihood framework of the UK’ s department for international development, descriptive statistics analysis method to analyze 210 field survey data from Luochuan, Baishui, Liquan and Yanan. The research results show that Shaanxi apple growers livelihood capital are inadequate, including social capital, human capital, physical capital, natural capital and financial capital. Among these issues, a-vailable social resources are limited, human capital is scarce, living environment is poor, natural disasters are serious, financial services are defective,etc. Regarding these issues above, several suggestions are proposed:strengthen the construction of social capital network, improve the efficiency of land resource, improve the living environment, improve financial services, etc, so as to further optimize the livelihood capital levels of Shaanxi apple growers, enhance farmers ability to resist risks and prevention, and promote regional sustainable development of apple industry.
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