Objective] To explore the effects of heat-inactivated Escherichia coli on the expression of bFGF and FGFR2 mRNA and protein in vitro bovine mammary epithelial cells.[Method] The mammary epithelial cells cultured in vitro were exposed to the heat-inactivated E.coli at 105 , 106 and 108 cfu/mL, respectively.The total RNA and protein were extracted from the cells after 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively, for examinations by real-time RT-PCR and western blot.[ Result] The bFGF mRNA expressions in all cells treated with different concentration of bacteria were significantly higher than that in control cells at every time point (P <0.01).bFGF expression quantity was the maximum at 24 h, and then reduced.BMEC bFGF protein expression enhanced as the E.coli concentration increased, and reached the maximum value at 24 h.Except the 6 h group, FGFR2 mRNA relative expression quantity showed a trend of decrease-increase-decrease as the E.coli concentration enhanced, and reached the maximum at 48 h.Compared with control group, FGFR2 protein expression in treatment groups increased as the bacteria concentration enhanced.[ Conclusion] Heat-inactivated E.coli up-regulates the expression of bFGF and FGFR2 mRNA and protein in bovine mammary epithelial cells, showing concentration and time dependence.