摘要
[目的]获得水稻主产区水稻生产中的土壤供肥力、最佳配方施肥量。[方法]以杂交中籼深两优5814为水稻供试品种,在安徽寿县三觉镇陈岗村进行了“3414”试验,共设14个处理,研究氮、磷、钾肥对水稻产量及经济性状的影响,并通过肥料效应函数分析了氮、磷、钾肥施用量与水稻产量之间的关系。[结果]氮肥180 kg/hm2、磷肥60 kg/hm2、钾肥120 kg/hm2处理的产量最高,达11455.5 kg/hm2,该处理的纯收入也最高,达23324.10元/hm2,其次为氮肥180 kg/hm2、磷肥60 kg/hm2、钾肥0 kg/hm2处理,纯收入为20837.85元/hm2。获得肥料效数应函方程Y=338.401+15.085X1+108.066X2-8.747X3+0.182X12+2.100X22-6.420X32-1.00X1 X2-11.402 X1 X3-0.779X2 X3,由该数学模型得出理论氮、磷、钾最佳施肥量分别为154.50、51.00、34.50 kg/hm2。[结论]各处理中以氮肥180 kg/hm2、磷肥60 kg/hm2、钾肥120 kg/hm2处理的产量和纯收入最高,结合生产实际,推荐氮、磷、钾施用量分别为172.50、75.00、135.00 kg/hm2。
Abstract
Objective] The aim was to obtain soil nutrient supplying capacity, the optimal formula fertilization amount in rice production. [ Method] With hybrid rice Shenliangyou 5814 as test varieties,“3414” experiment was conducted in Chengang Village, Sanjue Town, Shouxian County, Anhui Province. Setting 14 treatments, effects of N, P, K fertilizer on rice yield and economic traits were studied. Through fertilizer effect function, the relationship between N, P, K application amount and rice yield was analyzed. [Result] The yield and net income of N 180 kg/hm2 , P 60 kg/hm2 , K 120 kg/hm2 was highest, up to 11 455. 5 kg/hm2 and 23 324. 10 yuan/hm2 . The net income of N 180 kg/hm2 , P 60 kg/hm2 , K 0 kg/hm2 took the second place, up to 20 837. 85 yuan/hm2 . The fertilizer effect function equation Y= 338. 401+15. 085X1 +108. 066X2 -8. 747X3 +0. 182X1 2 +2. 100X2 2 -6. 420X3 2 -1. 00X1 X2 -11. 402X1 X3 -0. 779X2 X3 was obtained, the theoretical optimal fertiliza-tion amount of N, P, K was 154. 50, 51. 00, 34. 50 kg/hm2. [Conclusion] The yield and net income of N 180 kg/hm2, P 60 kg/hm2, K 120 kg/hm2 is highest, combining with practical production, the dosage of N, P, K fertilizer is recommend as 172. 50, 75. 00, 135. 00 kg/hm2 .
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