黄土高原不同降雨量条件下梯田与坡地土壤水分变化特征
The Variation Characteristics of Terrace and Sloping Land Soil Moisture under Different Rainfall Conditions in the Loess Plateau
李仕华 1徐丽娇 2彭海英 2王超凡3
作者信息
- 1. 陕西职业技术学院，陕西西安710100; 西安培华学院，陕西西安710123
- 2. 陕西职业技术学院，陕西西安710100
- 3. 长安大学材料科学学院，陕西西安710064
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]研究不同降雨量下黄土高原坡地和梯田土壤水分的运移及分布情况。[方法]以黄土高原陕西乾县为试验区，通过田间试验，研究不同降雨量条件下梯田与坡地土壤含水量变化情况。[结果]梯田和坡地土壤含水量空间垂直变化分为4个层次：①土壤水分速变层（10～40 cm）。该层梯田土壤含水量大，坡地土壤含水量小。该层受水文气象、耕作措施、冠层覆被等多种因素的影响较大，土壤水分变化较大。②土壤水分缓变层（40～80 cm）。该层土壤水分受诸多因素的影响相对小，土壤水分变化幅度小。该层梯田土壤含水量大，坡地土壤含水量小。③土壤水分过渡层（80～100 cm）。该层坡地土壤水分变化缓慢，而梯田土壤水分变化迅速，即开始由大向小快速突变。④土壤水分相对稳定层（100 cm以下）。该层梯田土壤含水量小，坡地土壤含水量大。[结论]初步掌握了黄土高原乾县的土壤水分变化特征。
Abstract
Objective] The aim was to study soil moisture transport and distribution of terrace and sloping land in the Loess Plateau under differ-ent rainfall conditions.[Method] With Qian County in Shaanxi Province as study area, through field experiment, the variation of soil moisture of terrace and sloping land under different rainfall conditions were studied.[Result] The results showed that the vertical variation of soil moisture of terrace and sloping land was divided into four levels:①the change of soil moisture layer (10-40 cm).The soil moisture of this layer of terrace is large and that of sloping land is small.The change of soil moisture in this layer is bigger, affected by hydrometeor, tillage measures, canopy cover and other factors.②Soil moisture slowly varying layer (40-80 cm).The soil moisture of this layer is smaller influenced by many factors compared with first layer .The soil moisture of the terrace this layer is large and the soil moisture of sloping land is small .③Soil moisture transi-tion layer (80-100 cm).The change of soil moisture of sloping land is slowly, and the change of soil moisture of terrace is rapidly, that is, from the big to small fast mutation.④The soil moisture is relatively stable layer (below 100 cm).The soil moisture of terrace this layer is small and the soil moisture of sloping land is large.[Conclusion] The variation characteristics of soil moisture in Qian County in the Loess Plateau are preliminarily grasped.
关键词
黄土高原/梯田/坡地/土壤含水量/降雨量/乾县Key words
Loess Plateau/Terrace/Sloping land/Soil moisture/Rainfall/Qian County引用本文复制引用
基金项目
高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B08039)
出版年
2016
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据