摘要
[目的]针对黄淮海平原区小麦施肥措施与秸秆全量还田耕作环境不相适应的问题，优化最佳施肥方案。[方法]采用“3414”试验设计，研究施肥量与产量之间的关系，建立了最高产量施肥方案和最经济施肥方案。[结果]小麦的最经济产量虽然较最高产量降低了140．13 kg／hm2，但是纯收益增加了490．92元／hm2。与农民习惯施肥方案相比，小麦在最经济施肥方案下，产量增加684．54 kg／hm2，增幅8．65％，纯收益增加1109．72元／hm2，增幅6．70％。[结论]小麦最经济施肥方案总体效益最优，环境效益显著。
Abstract
Objective] Aiming at disharmony between wheat fertilization plan and returning whole stalks into the soil in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the optimal fertilization scheme was optimized.[ Method] Using “3414” experimental design, the relationship between fertilization quantity and yield was studied, the highest yield fertilization scheme and most economic fertilization scheme was established.[ Result] The most economic yield of wheat decreased 140.13 kg/hm2 compared with highest yield, net profit increased 490.92 yuan/hm2 .Compared with conventional fertili-zation scheme, under the most economic fertilization scheme, yield increased 684.54 kg/hm2 with range of 8.65%, net profit increased 1 109.72 yuan /hm2 with range of 6.70%.[Conclusion] Most economical fertilization scheme of wheat has the best overall benefit and the environmental benefit is significant.
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