摘要
为了实现田间不适用烟叶的变“废”为“宝”，把分散在田间地头的不适用烟叶运输到处理工厂。该研究以不适用烟叶生产有机肥的处理为例，对在运输过程中涉及到的运输半径、运输方式、人员工资、运输费用和运输效益等因素，设计了一组模型和效益评估公式。结果表明：每吨不适用烟叶的运输费用，烟农合作社运输至少高于烟农个人运输60元以上。在同一运输半径内，运输效益由高到低依次为干烟叶、半干烟叶、鲜烟叶，在不同设定的运输半径内，直接运输不适用鲜烟会出现经济效益的负数；在由近到远的运输半径内，烟农合作社和烟农运输干烟叶获利呈现增长后下降的趋势当分别超过40和50 km后积极性会下降。根据不同的运输方式和半径并结合不适用烟叶自身的特点，总结得出3种运输模式：“工厂＋烟农专业户”运输模式、“工厂＋烟农合作社”运输模式和“工厂＋基地（分厂）”运输模式。
Abstract
In an attempt to implementing the waste of tobacco leaves in the field that was no-using from “ghost” to “treasures”,tobacco leaves was collected and transported to the processing factory fully.Based on tobacco leaves production of organic fertilizer treatment plant as the exam-ple,the paper design a set of model and benefit evaluation formula,in allusion to involve the collection of radius,leaf water content,personnel sal-ary,transportation cost,benefits factors and so on in the process.The results showed that:the transportation cost of per t tobacco leaves of the col-lective collection was at least higher 60 Yuan than the personal collection.At the same radius collection,the order of collection-transportation ben-efits was:dry leaves>half-dry leaves>fresh leaves,and in the different radius,the fresh leaves of the transportation will appear negative economic benefits.Dry leaves of the collective collection benefits showed the overall downward trend after earnings growth from the near to far transportation radius.When collecting radius was more than 40 km,per t and overall economic benefits of the collective collection got a negative number,and more than 50 km,the enthusiasm of the personal collection would decline.So based on the characteristics of the no-using leaves and according to the different ways of collecting and gathering radius,the three collecting patterns was concluded that was“professional tobacco farmers +factory”collection mode,“factory +tobacco farmer cooperatives” collection mode and “base (factory) +factory” collection mode.
万方数据