摘要
[目的]研究卷烟产品抽吸前后重金属元素的迁移量和迁移规律，为降低卷烟产品危害性提供参考。[方法]分别采用微波消解与酸液萃取2种前处理方法对卷烟产品抽吸后灰分、主流烟气总粒相物（ TPM）和滤嘴进行处理，对比2种方法下重金属元素的检测结果。[结果]试验发现，微波消解法对TPM中重金属的测定结果优于酸液萃取法，而灰分和滤嘴中的结果则不及后者。考察卷烟产品抽吸前后重金属迁移规律，发现大部分随侧流烟气逸出，介于66．89％～95．48％，Hg元素则基本全部随侧流烟气逸出。除Hg元素外，其他重金属元素在灰分、TPM和滤嘴中都有所迁移。 Cr、Ni、As与Se元素大部分残留在灰分中，其次为TPM，滤嘴截留最少，而Cd和Pb元素则滤嘴截留量最高，TPM次之，灰分中含量最少。在重点关注的TPM中，重金属迁移率一般低于5％，部分元素迁移率介于5％～10％。[结论]卷烟产品中重金属绝大部分随侧流烟气逸出、残余在灰分中或被滤嘴截留，而迁移至主流烟气中的量极低。
Abstract
Objective] To research the transfer volume and law of heavy metal before and after cigarette smoking, and to provide references for reducing the damage of cigarette products.[ Method] Two pretreatment methods of microwave digestion and acid extraction were used to process the ash content, total particulate matter of mainstream smoke ( TPM) and cigarette filter rod.Detection results of heavy metal elements were compared by the two methods.[ Result] The microwave digestion method was better than acid solution extraction method on analysis of TPM, but not so good on analysis of ash and filter rod.Meanwhile, the migration amount and migration rate were studied, which showed that most heavy metal elements were escaped with lateral flow, which was between 66.89%-95.48%.and Hg was mostly escaped with lateral flow.Except Hg, other heavy metal elements were separately found in ash, TPM and filter rod.Cr, Ni, As and Se were mostly residual in ash, followed with TPM.And filter rod was the least, while Cd and Pb were just in the reverse order.Normally, 5% or less of the heavy metal elements were transferred to TPM, only a small part of which could reach 5% -10%.[ Conclusion] Most of the heavy metal elements are taken by lateral flow, ash and filter rod, while the migration amounts of mainstream smoke are extremely low.
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