摘要
[目的]研究哈尔滨市城市森林树木生长状况及各生长指标的相关关系，为指导城市树木管理、优化城市森林结构提供理论依据。[方法]在哈尔滨市建成区随机调查单位附属林、道路林、景观游憩林和生态公益林4种林分共220块样地，每块样地中分别取4～10株树木测量其树高、枝下高、冠幅和胸径周长等指标。[结果]哈尔滨市城市森林树木树高小于10 m近70％左右，枝下高绝大部分小于4 m，冠幅小于50 m2的占总量的69％，胸径周长小于100 cm的树木约占80％，冠幅和胸径周长虽存有较大树木（冠幅250～325 m2、胸径周长200～250 cm），但数量不到所调查树木总量的5％，且冠幅大小分布较离散。树高、枝下高、冠幅、胸径周长平均值分别为8．57 m、2．20 m、47．93 m2、66．30 cm。4种指标之间呈显著正相关（P＜0．05）。对比4种林分发现，生态公益林树木的树高较其他3种林型高3 m左右，胸径周长长20 cm左右，道路林的冠幅小于其他3种林分6～11 m2。[结论]哈尔滨市城市森林整体长势偏小，小冠幅树木居多，且林型间差别较大，今后应加强保护大树和抚育管理幼树。
Abstract
Objective] To investigate the growth status of urban trees and their correlations of growth index in Harbin City to guide management of urban trees and optimize urban forest structure.[Method] 220 sites of affiliated forest, roadside forest, landscape forest and ecological welfare forest throughout Harbin City were investigated.Tree height, lowest-branch height, canopy-projection area,and diameter at breast height (DBH) of 4-10 trees from each site were measured.[Result] Nearly 70%of surveyed trees were less than 10 m in height, and the lowest-branch height of most measured trees was less than 4 m.The canopy area of 69% of surveyed trees was less than 50 m2 .The DBH of about 80% of surveyed trees was less than 100 cm.Although there were trees with a large canopy area (250-325 m2 ) and DBH (200-250 cm), the proportion of their number in the total quantity of surveyed trees was less than 5%.The averages of tree height, lowest-branch height, canopy area, and DBH were 8.57 m, 2.20 m, 47.93 m2, and 66.30 cm respectively.There were significantly positive correlations between the four indicators (P<0.05). Compared with the other three types of forest, the tree height of the ecological welfare forest was higher, about 3 m, and its DBH was larger, a-bout 20 cm.The canopy area of roadside forest was 6-11 m2 smaller than that of the other three types of forest.[Conclusion] Most urban trees in Harbin City are small in general.The canopy area of most trees is small, and there is a big difference between the forest types.It is needed to pro-tect big trees and manage and tend young trees in future .
基金项目
黑龙江省杰出青年基金(JC201401)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572014EA01)
中国科学院百人计划项目(Y3H1051001)
中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD－SW－302－04)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据