摘要
[目的]研究不同用量的煅烧贝壳粉水溶液对不同成分农药的降解效率，优化煅烧贝壳粉果蔬清洗剂的浓度配比并为不同农药降解效率的研究提供参考。[方法]采用气相色谱质谱法检测了煅烧贝壳粉水溶液对敌敌畏、久效磷、灭线磷等14种农药的降解情况，选取的贝壳粉水溶液浓度为0．5 g／L，降解时间为5 min，考察了0．5、1．0、3．05、．0 mL 4个不同用量的煅烧贝壳粉水溶液对于不同农药残留的降解效果。[结果]研究发现，降解效率随着贝壳粉水溶液用量的增加而提高，其中贝壳粉对有机磷类农药和氨基甲酸酯类农药的降解作用相对突出，尤其是对久效磷、敌敌畏和甲萘威的降解作用最为明显，仅加入0．5 mL浓度为0．5 g／L的贝壳粉水溶液就可降解50％以上，当加入5．0 mL时降解率超过80％，甚至对久效磷的降解率超过95％；而对菊酯类农药的降解能力较差，加入5．0 mL浓度为0．5 g／L的贝壳粉水溶液时，降解率在40％～60％。[结论]研究表明，煅烧贝壳粉果蔬清洗剂对大多数农药有较为明显的降解作用，可以用于去除水果蔬菜表面农药残留。
Abstract
Objective] To research the degradation efficiencies of different dosages of calcined seashell powder solution to pesticides with differ -ent ingredients, to optimize the concentration ratio of calcined seashell powder solution as fruit and vegetable wash, and to provide references for the different degradability ratios of pesticides.[ Method] Gas chromatography/mass spectromrtry was used to detect the degradation efficiencies of calcined seashell powder solution to dichlorvos, monocrotophos, ethoprophos and other 11 pesticides.The selected concentration of calcined sea-shell powder solution was 0.5 g/L;the degradation time was 5 min.The degradating effects of four dosages of calcined seashell powder solutions (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 mL) on different pesticide residues were researched.[ Result] Degradation efficiency enhanced with the dosage in-crease of calcined seashell powder solution.Among them, seashell powder had relatively significant degradation effects on pesticides of organo-phosphates and carbamate,especially to monocrotophos, dichlorvos and carbaryl.Only adding 0.5 mL of 0 5.g/L calcined seashell powder solu-tion could obtain more than 50% degradation rate.When adding 5.0 mL calcined seashell powder solution, the degradation rate exceeded 80%. And its degradation rate to monocrotophos was more than 95%; but its degradation efficiency to pyrethroid was relatively poor.When adding 5.0 mL of 0.5 g/L calcined seashell powder solution, degradation rate was 40%-60%.[ Conclusion] This research shows that calcined sea-shell powder solution has relatively significant degradation efficiency to most pesticide, and can be used to remove the pesticide residue in fruit and vegetable surface.
基金项目
2015年度浙江省公益性科学技术应用研究计划项目(2015C32040)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据