摘要
[目的]创新蓝莓种质资源，培育新品种。[方法]以6个高丛蓝莓品种为材料，采用4种授粉方式进行人工杂交，设5个赤霉素溶液浸种处理，研究赤霉素对杂交种子发芽率的影响。[结果]选取即将开放的花蕾去雄授粉，以去雄后直接授粉的结实率最低，去雄后5d授粉的结实率最高。参试6个高丛蓝莓品种具有较高的杂交亲和性，不同杂交组合的结实率、坐果率不同且不呈正相关，同一对亲本的正反交结实率有较大差异，薄雾×夏普兰结实率、坐果率最高（分别为87．2％、62．8％），莱格西×奥尼尔结实率最低（为65．4％），布里吉塔×南金坐果率最低（为41．5％）。杂交果实的成熟期提前，杂种果实性状受母本影响较大。不同浓度赤霉素处理的始发芽时间均显著缩短，200 mg／L赤霉素是奥尼尔×南金发芽最佳处理，大于600 mg／L赤霉素浸种不利于奥尼尔×夏普兰发芽。赤霉素处理不同组合的杂交种子发芽率在35．0％～75．0％，始发芽时间在20～30 d。[结论]相同倍性蓝莓品种杂交亲和性较高，授粉以去雄后3～5 d为宜，赤霉素处理能显著缩短杂交种子的始发芽时间。
Abstract
Objective] In order to innovate the germplasm resources and cultivate new varieties of blueberry.[ Method] Selecting 6 highbush blueberry cultivars, the effect of GA3 on the ermination rate of hybrid seed was studied using 4 pollination methods of artificial hybridization by setting 5 gibberellin solution soaking treatment.[ Result] Selecting open bud pollinate after emasculation, the seed setting rate of direct pollina-tion was the lowest, after 5 days emasculation rate was the highest.The 6 tested varieties had high cross compatibility.The seed setting rate, fruit setting rate was different and not positively correlated in different combinations .There was a big difference between the reciprocal cross of the same pair of parents in the seed setting rate.The seed setting rate, fruit setting rate of‘ Misty ×Sharpblue ’was the hightest,respectively 87.2%, 62.8%, the seed setting rate of‘legcy × O’ neal’ (65.4%) was the lowest, the fruit setting rate of‘Brigitta ×Southgold’ (41.5%) was the lowest.The mature period of hybrid fruit was ahead of time,and affected by the female parent.The germination time was sig-nificantly shortened at different concentrations of GA treatment, 200 mg/L GA3 was the best treatment of OS germination,more than 600 mg/L GA3 is not conducive to the germination of OX.The germination rate of hybrid seeds treated with different combinations of GA3 ranged from 35.0% to 75.0%, and the germination time ranged from 20 to 30 d.[Conclusion] The hybrid affinity of the same ploidy blueberry cultivars was higher.The pollination treatment of 3-5 days after emasculation was appropriate.Gibberellin treatment can significantly shorten the initial germination time of hybrid seeds.
基金项目
宁波市科技局农业科技重大专项(2014C11004)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据