摘要
[目的]研究黄腐酸对秋马铃薯农艺性状及产量的影响.[方法]分析黄腐酸对秋马铃薯生育期、植株形态、块茎、净光合速率、叶绿素含量、叶面积指数(LAI)和产量的影响.[结果]施用黄腐酸可延长秋马铃薯生育期,增加植株株高、茎粗、叶片叶绿素含量和LAI,提高叶片有效净光合速率、单株薯块数、单株薯块重和商品薯率,从而提高产量.施用黄腐酸后可延长秋马铃薯生育期1～3d,显著或极显著提高植株株高、叶片净光合速率、单株块茎重和产量.在复合肥减半的情况下施用黄腐酸与复合肥常量施用下的出苗期和成熟期一致、生育期相当、净光合速率无差异性,特别是固体肥和液体肥配施后产量无差异性.[结论]施用黄腐酸后在产量不变的情况下可减少化学肥料的投入,降低化学肥料的面源污染.
Abstract
[Objective] To research the effects of fulvic acid on the yield and agronomic characters of potato in autumn.[Method] We researched the effects of fulvic acid on the growth period,plant morphology,tuber,net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,LAI and yield.[Result] Application of fulvic acid lengthened the growth period of potato in autumn,enhanced the plant length and stem width,increased the LAI and chlorophyll content in leaves,improved the net photosynthetic rate,tuber number per plant,tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber rate,and enhanced the yield.Applying fulvic acid extended the growth period of potato in autumn by 1-3 d,significantly or extremely significantly improved the plant height,leaf net photosynthetic rate,tuber weight per plant and yield.When the application amount of compound fertilizer was reduced by half,applying fulvic acid had almost the same seedling emergence stage,mature stage,growth stage and net photosynthetic rate with applying full amount of compound fertilizers.In particular,there were no differences between applying solid and liquid fertilizers.[Conclusion] Under the condition of stable yield,applying fulvic acid can reduce the application of chemical fertilizers,and lower the non-point source pollution of chemical fertilizers.
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