水氮耦合对滴灌春小麦干物质积累分配与运转规律的影响
Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Dry Matter Accumulation,Distribution and Transferring Regularity of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation
张松超 1陈慧 1黄振江 1张迪 1石元强 1王冀川1
作者信息
- 1. 塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]明确滴灌春小麦干物质积累与分配特征的水氮效应.[方法]以新春6号为供试材料,设置不同的灌水、施氮处理,对小麦植株各器官干物质积累及分配进行研究.[结果]春小麦地上部分干物质积累量呈"S"形变化,积累速率最大时期在拔节期-灌浆期.总干质量积累较大的处理为W3N2、W2N2、W2N3和W3N1,分别达15.16、14.63、13.25和13.19 t/hm2.生育期内,N2处理的总干物质量、茎秆和穗器官干物质平均转移率分别为14.06 t/hm2、45.34%和30.83%,而成熟期内W2处理的相应值分别为13.47 t/hm2、31.14%和60.80%,均明显高于其他处理.各因素的总干物质积累影响效应从大到小依次为水氮耦合、水分、氮素,对穗部干物质影响效应从大到小依次为水氮耦合、氮素、水分. [结论] 水氮耦合调控效应是调节滴灌春小麦生长的主要因素,生产中,采用中氮适水策略,保证生育前期的充足水分、中后期的适当氮素水平是促进春小麦健壮生长、提高产量的关键.
Abstract
[Objective]To clarify the effects of water and nitrogen on dry matter accumulation and distribution of spring wheat under drip irrigation. [Method]Took Xinchun 6 as test materials, different irrigation, nitrogen treatments were set to research wheat dry matter accumulation and distribution in different organs. [Result]The dry matter accumulation of aboveground parts of spring wheat was Sshape curve, with the maximum accumulation rate being from jointing stage to filling stage. The treatments with higher total dry weight were W3N2, W2N2, W2N3 and W3N1, which dry weight were 15.16,14.63, 13.25 and 13.19 t/hm2, respectively.The average total dry weight and its transfer amount of stem and ear organs of N2 were 14.06 t/hm2, 45.34% and 30.83%, of W2 were 13.47 t/hm2, 31.14% and 60.80% at mature stage,respectively, these treatments were significantly higher than other treatments.The effects of the total dry matter accumulation and spike of various factors were as follows: coupling> water> nitrogen and coupling> nitrogen> water. [Conclusion]The regulation effect of water and nitrogen coupling is the main factor to regulate the growth of spring wheat under drip irrigation. In the production, based on medium nitrogen and adequate irrigation strategy, ensuring adequate water supply in the early growth stage and the appropriate nitrogen level in the middle and later stages is the key to promote the growth and yield of spring wheat.
关键词
春小麦/水氮耦合/干物质/积累/分配Key words
Spring wheat/Water and nitrogen coupling/Dry matter/Accumulation/Distribution引用本文复制引用
基金项目
塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKGG201702)
国家自然科学基金(31260303)
国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510757033)
塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI201602)
塔里木大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2017059)
出版年
2017
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据