摘要
[目的]为明确水旱轮作区稻田控释尿素适宜减施量.[方法]以普通尿素常量分次施用为对照,研究控释尿素减量施用对水稻产量和经济效益的影响,明确水稻生产上控释尿素较普通尿素常规分次施用最佳减施量,为控释尿素在水稻生产上合理施用提供理论依据.[结果]控释尿素减施20%较普通尿素显著提高水稻产量,增幅达4.7%,超过此减施量水稻产量则显著降低.控释尿素减施20%处理通过提高水稻产量构成中的有效穗数和穗粒数来提高水稻产量.经济效益以控释尿素减施20%处理最高,较普通尿素处理产值增加4.7%,纯收入增加5.7%.控释尿素减量施用各处理较普通尿素均能有效提高水稻产投比.综合水稻产量和经济效益结果,认为在水旱轮作区习惯施氮水平基础上,施用控释尿素通过适当降低氮肥用量能促进水稻增产增效,以减氮20%施用控释尿素,在保证水稻产量的同时,能有效增加水稻经济效益.[结论]该研究可为水稻控释尿素减量施用提供理论基础.
Abstract
[Objective]In order to determine the suitable controlled-release urea application rate of the rice field in paddy-upland rotation area.[Method]Taking fractionated application conventional urea as control,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of controlled-release urea reduction rate on yield and economic benefit of rice with the purpose of providing the farmers with scientific basis in promoting reduction of controlled-release urea application rate.[Result] The treatment of controlled-release urea reduction 20% significantly increased the yield of rice by 4.7%,compared with conventional urea spilt.The yield of rice would significantly decrease,while the controlled-release urea reduction rate exceeded 20%.Controlled-release urea reduction 20% could increase the effective panicle number and grain number per spike.Economic benefit of controlled-release urea reduction 20% was the highest,and the output value and net income were increased by 4.7% and 5.7% than those of conventional urea,respectively.Controlled-release urea reduction could effectively improve ratios of output to input for rice.Rational application reduction of controlled-release urea can increase rice yield and economic benefit.It is proposed that though the controlled-release urea of basic fertilizer,20% nitrogen reduction based on local custom fertilization levels can significantly increase economic benefit in the paddy field while maintaining the yield of rice.[Conclusion]The research can provide theoretical basis for application reduction of controlled-release urea.
基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503122)
安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(1704e1002237)
安徽省农业科学院院长青年创新基金(16B1019)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据