基于1980-2016年宁夏地区湖泊数据,结合Google Earth影像处理、Mann-Kendall趋势分析法研究近37 年宁夏湖泊空间分布特征和主要湖泊面积变化状况,并进一步探讨气候变化、径流条件和人类活动对湖泊演变的影响.结果表明:宁夏地区湖泊以永久性淡水湖为主,主要分布在银川和石嘴山市.1980-2016 年面积在1.00 km2 以上的湖泊的总面积呈增加趋势;其中,有 84%的湖泊面积呈现增加趋势,16%的湖泊面积呈减小趋势.宁夏湖泊面积变化是由自然因素和人为因素共同引起的,湖泊面积与年均气温、年降雨量的变化趋势相同,与年径流量的变化趋势相反;不同类型的人类活动对湖泊面积的影响不同,但总体上对湖泊面积增加起到了促进作用.
Analysis of the Evolution Rule and Driving Factors of Major Lakes in Ningxia from 1980 to 2016
Based on lake data in Ningxia from 1980 to 2016,combined with Google Earth image processing and Mann-Kendall trend analysis,this study explored the spatial distribution characteristics and changes in the main lake areas of Ningxia from 1980 to 2016,and further ex-plored the impact of climate change,runoff conditions and human activities on lake evolution.The results showed that the lakes in Ningxia were mainly permanent freshwater lakes,mainly distributed in Yinchuan and Shizuishan cities.The total area of lakes with an area of over 1.00 km2 showed an increasing trend from 1980 to 2016;among them,84%of the lake area showed an increasing trend,while 16%of the lake area showed a decreasing trend.The change in lake area in Ningxia was caused by both natural and human factors.The trend of lake area was the same as that of annual temperature and rainfall,but opposite to that of annual runoff;the impact of different types of human activities on lake area varied,but overall,they had a promoting effect on the increase of lake area.
万方数据
