In recent years,the aquaculture industry has been developing continuously,but the intensification of aquaculture has also affected the surrounding water quality. In aquaculture,the health of farmed animals is affected by microorganisms,which in turn affects the economic benefits of the farming industry.The role of microorganisms in the aquaculture environment,the research methods of the microorganisms in the aquaculture environment,the influencing factors of the microorganisms in the aquaculture water body and the adjustment methods of the water quality in the aquaculture water body were reviewed,aiming to provide reference and basis for the research and regulation of the aquaculture environment microorganisms.