The development of technology promotes the use of plastics,which are discharged and accumulated in the aquatic environment seri-ously endanger the health of aquatic animals and ecosystem safety.Non-degradable microplastics in the aquatic environment can affect the nor-mal growth and development of aquatic animals,which seriously restricts the development of aquaculture industry.This paper reviews the distri-bution and types of microplastics in water and their effects on the growth and development,antioxidant capacity,immune function and tissue structure of aquatic animals,aiming to provide a reference for the study of the effects of microplastics on aquatic animals and the healthy ecolog-ical development of aquatic animals.