摘要
为明确间作油菜绿肥后不同还田方式对葡萄园土壤养分、酶活性及果实品质的影响,通过大田试验,设置无绿肥间作、间作油菜覆盖还田、间作油菜翻压还田3个处理.结果表明,翻压还田下0～20 cm土层的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性最高,较对照分别显著提高50.00％、19.40％、16.47％、25.38％、13.69％、82.35％、26.87％;20～40 cm土层,与对照相比,覆盖和翻压处理的土壤pH、全氮、速效钾、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性分别显著提高3.70％、5.07％、44.68％、40.43％、14.71％、20.85％、32.00％、35.50％、11.85％和29.84％,而两处理间差异不显著;覆盖和翻压处理的葡萄百叶干重、单穗重、可溶性糖、糖酸比、维生素C含量均显著高于对照,且在翻压处理下达最高.表明间作油菜绿肥可提高土壤养分含量、促进葡萄生长及提高果实品质,其中油菜翻压还田效果要优于覆盖还田.
Abstract
To understand the effects of different returning methods on soil nutrients,enzyme activity,and fruit quality in vineyards after inter-cropping rape as green manure.Through field experiments,three treatments were set up:a single grape tree without green manure,intercropping rape with green manure mulching,and intercropping rape with green manure ploughing.The results showed that the organic matter,total N,al-kali-hydrolyzed N,available P,available K,urease,and alkaline phosphatase activity in the 0-20 cm soil layer were the highest under the ploughing,increased significantly by 50.00％,19.40％,16.47％,25.38％,13.69％,82.35％ and 26.87％ compared to the control,respective-ly.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,compared with control soil pH,total N,available K,urease,and sucrase activities significantly increased by 3.70％,5.07％,44.68％,40.43％,14.71％,20.85％,32.00％,35.50％,11.85％ and 29.84％,respectively,while the difference between mulching and ploughing was not significant.The hundred leaf dry weight,ear weight,soluble sugar,sugar acid to ratio,and vitamin C content of grapes were significantly higher than those of the control under mulching and ploughing treatments,and the highest was observed under ploug-hing treatments.Intercropping rape green manure could increase the soil nutrient content,promote grape growth,and improve fruit quality,and the effect of green manure ploughing was better than that of green manure mulching.
国家科技期刊平台
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